Spillover Effects of Carbon Footprint Labelling on Less Developed Countries: The Example of the East Asia Summit Region

The spillover effects of carbon footprint (CFP) labelling are particularly significant in the East Asia Summit (EAS) region which has closely integrated production networks, wide development gaps and predominantly small and medium‐sized enterprises. Poor management of the effects would undermine not only the effectiveness of CFP labelling, but also EAS efforts towards economic integration and the narrowing of development gaps. Well‐designed labelling schemes, accessible and affordable data and transparent certification processes are essential, as well as capacity‐building and engagement of non‐labelling countries, in particular LDCs.     

“现代化”之后的东亚农业和农村社会——日本、韩国和台湾地区的案例及其历史意蕴

日本、韩国和台湾地区的农业和农村通常被看作中国大陆农业和农村的样板。但是,以粮食大量依赖进口,农村的空洞化、老龄化和劳动力不足,以及与"新娘短缺"相伴的"外籍新娘"的涌入为代表,这三个国家和地区的粮食和人口的再生产都处于难以持续的状态,"现代化"之后的农业和农村实际上都处于严重的危机之中。这种状况与其具有高度竞争力的工业和拥挤的城市形成鲜明对照,它是"东亚模式"或"东亚资本主义"的一种必然结局,也对中国大陆农业和农村的未来演变趋势提出了警示。     

论冷战遗留下的台湾问题与美日合流

台湾问题既是中国内战的后遗症，也是冷战的遗留问题；冷战在亚洲的结束具有相对的非彻底性，即冷战结束的渐变性。这种特征反映在美国和日本调整对台湾的战略中；同时，日本染指台湾问题、美国对台湾问题的干涉加强，两者殊途同归，也塑造和反映了冷战在亚洲结束的渐变性特色。     

On Sabır and Agency

This article focuses on the pious practice of sab?r (patience) within the context of the weaving neighborhoods in Konya, Turkey. Through an ethnographic analysis of the everyday politics of the practice of sab?r, which is central to labor relations, this article adds to and complicates feminist analyses of labor politics and the economy by highlighting the interconnected nature of ethical religious practice and labor politics. Additionally, I argue for the need to go beyond the question of whether women have or lack agency as subjects in feminist analyses of labor politics and relationships, and instead point out the need for the empirical examination of specific, contextually-bound practical conditions through and within which women cultivate various forms of ethical action and subjectivities. In pointing out the importance of a project that analyzes operations of power with a keen awareness of context, this essay presents an ethnographically grounded discussion of pious practice within the context of Konya's weaving neighborhoods, underscoring the effects of the coexistence of exploitation and empowerment on the construction of women weavers’ selfhoods.     

关于从“左联五烈士”向“龙华二十四烈士”的还原——兼谈所谓《为了忘却的记念》的“叙述矛盾”

中共党史上的"龙华二十四烈士事件",牺牲者是在反对王明而集会时被告密,从而遭国民党当局逮捕杀害,故对事件真相的揭露和对暴政的抗议长时间受到来自国共双方当权者的禁锢阻挠;而二十四烈士之中的柔石等五位是左翼作家,鲁迅和"左联"冒着生命危险悼念同志和朋友被害,揭露事实真相,使"左联五烈士事件"造成的影响远大于"龙华二十四烈士事件"。这并非鲁迅和"左联"有意掩盖"龙华二十四烈士事件"真相,而是在当时的历史条件下,向外界揭露真相的唯一途径。     

略论慧远对道安的突破和超越

慧远是东晋中后期继道安之后的一代佛学大师。他深居庐山,却能审时度势,勇于创新,除了佛学理论体系外,在佛教的诸多方面如恪守戒律、讲经说法、终极信仰、扩大像教等对其师道安有重要的突破和超越,一举成为整个佛教丛林当之无愧的领袖。     

Role of Comparative Risk Assessment in Addressing Environmental Security in the Middle East

During the 21st century, environmental challenges are likely to intensify across the world and possibly lead to violent conflicts. Strategies for conflict avoidance will be incomplete unless they recognize, discuss, and mitigate regional environmental stress factors. Comparative risk assessment (CRA) is one of the most critical tools emerging to influence modern environmental policies and is increasingly used to create a common language to help reconcile competing interests in development and environmental disputes around the world. This article considers the environmental challenges facing the Middle East in light of their "transboundary" nature and proposes CRA as a framework for setting environmental priorities and reducing tensions in the region.     

Controlling health care costs: An evaluation of strategies

There has been much discussion about the factors underlying inflation in the health care sector and the means to moderate increases in health expenditures. This paper identifies various costcontainment strategies and synthesizes research findings that may be helpful in evaluating their effectiveness. The review demonstrates the complexity of the issues and relationships that must be confronted and understood in cost containment. The delivery system is shown to be not well-suited to improving efficiency and restraining health care expenditure. Any single strategy, whether it involves restructuring the market or more direct regulation, cannot in itself accomplish the combination of expenditure control and adequacy of services that is socially desirable. A number of mutually reinforcing strategies are required. Finally, more empirical and analytical information on incentives, provider and regulatory decisionmaking, costs of regulation, and the dynamics of negotiation, is essential for the design of an effective costcontainment program.     

Resource reallocation under alternative trade regimes: A simulation of Turkey's entry into the EEC

A general equilibrium model that is applicable for simulating the directions in which resources would be reallocated under alternative trade regimes, in particular, a free trade regime, is developed and applied to the Turkish economy. Because of the likelihood that Turkey will gain full entry into the EEC, the model is also used to identify sectors in which Turkey may have a comparative advantage relative to the EEC countries and to estimate magnitudes of static gains from full entry. To provide some tests of important generalizations from the theory of customs unions, these estimates of static gains are compared with some estimates of total welfare effects of the entry of the United Kingdom into the EEC.     

东亚区域经济合作的约束条件及主导力量——“10＋1”合作模式可行性研究

在全球各区域经济合作中,东亚区域经济合作处于制度推进的初级阶段。在东亚合作约束条件序列中,经济整合度和贸易开放约束较小,主导国和主导力量约束次之,政治和文化约束最大。与欧洲和北美区域经济合作不同,东亚文化背景殊异;百年殖民历史伤痛犹新;放弃国家主权疑虑重重,还没有形成能够协调各方利益和促进区域经济合作的稳定制度机制。在内部和外部条件限制下,东亚经济一体化只能通过三个相互割裂的“东盟10 l”机制“迂回”推进,而且在相当长时期合作采取的是自由贸易区方式。