埃及近代启蒙思想家塔哈塔维思想溯源

1789年法国入侵埃及,埃及的“被现代化”从此开始。1816年埃及官方首次向欧洲派出留学生,在行动上完成了从“被现代化”向“主动现代化”的转变。塔哈塔维是埃及首批赴法留学生的指导老师,后改变身份成为留学生,主攻法阿翻译。塔哈塔维在法国生活了五年,期间深受西方文化影响,并逐渐形成自己的政治观、社会观和教育观等。回国后他继续从事旨在介绍西方先进文化的翻译工作,成为埃及乃至整个阿拉伯一伊斯兰地区历史上翻译和介绍西方现代政治思想的第一人,其思想对伊斯兰现代主义的形成影响巨大,并成为伊斯兰现代文化启蒙的先驱者之一。     

试论教育产业与市场的关系

由于对教育产业概念的内涵与外延缺乏清晰的界定 ,使得我们在探讨教育产业与市场的关系时 ,产生了诸多认识上的误区和适用上的混乱。教育产业的规定性是由其产品———教育服务的性质和生产过程的特征决定的 ,市场只不过是教育产业由幼稚走向成熟和强盛的一种有效的经济运行方式 ,二者之间是过程和手段的关系 ,用哲学术语来讲 ,二者之间是内容和形式的关系     

新型职业农民的学历提升研究

2012年中央一号文件首次提出"大力培育新型职业农民"。提升新型职业农民学历水平,是适应现代农业和城乡一体化发展的需要,是农民进行职业化的必要手段,是帮助农民赢得社会地位的有效途径。通过面向新型职业农民提供学历教育,让更多的农民接受学历教育,并建立起严格的职业资格准入制度,将学历教育与职业技能培训结合以解决农民文化程度低和农村高素质人才缺乏的问题。     

1990年代中国出生性别比:究竟有多高?

当1990年代各种人口调查"过低的"生育水平难以置信时,其"过高的"出生性别比数据却被广泛接受。本文的主要目的是通过对2000年人口普查出生数据漏报的性别差异的分析,利用教育统计数据,重新估计2000年及90年代的出生性别比。结果表明我国实际的出生性别比并不像2000年普查数据反映的那样严重偏高。我国实际的出生性别比和低年龄组性别比要比普查反映的水平低5～9个百分点。1990年代在我国出生性别比偏高的部分中,女婴漏报的作用高达50%以上。本文还根据2000年普查千分之一抽样数据,考察了出生性别比的社会经济差异。     

How Studies of the Educational Progression of Minority Children Are Affecting Education Policy in Denmark

Over the past decade, the number of ethnic minorities in Denmark has increased rapidly, now accounting for over 8 per cent of the total population. This paper presents results from a number of recent studies regarding the educational choices of minority children from less developed countries. An important social concern is that the educational attainment of these children is much lower than among native Danes. The studies show that that a main reason for the education gap is very high dropout rates from vocational schools among minority children and that inadequate Danish language proficiency of immigrants, parents and their children, is an important reason for the high dropout rates, as are inadequate educational preparedness from grade school and insufficient apprenticeship positions available for minority youth. Socio‐economic background, however, has relatively little effect. Recent policy changes to reduce dropout rates from vocational schools are reviewed and additional policy interventions are proposed.     

大学生心理健康问题产生原因及对策分析

大学生心理健康问题主要源自教育体制和家庭教育的影响,学习与生活的压力,理想与现实的矛盾,高校心理咨询工作的缺失,个性缺陷与性格障碍。解决的对策有:从思想上高度重视大学生心理健康问题,把心理健康教育和思想政治教育工作有机地结合起来,努力提高大学生心理健康教育工作水平,做好大学生就业指导工作。     

关于建筑设计基础教学的几点看法

本文结合我国建筑设计教育现状,解析了传统的二维空间建筑设计教学方法存在的弊病,提出了三维“体块模式”的改革方案和怎样提高学生创造性能力和空间构思能力的几点建议。     

影响西部欠发达地区失业妇女再就业的显性因素分析与对策

本文立足于西部欠发达地区失业妇女再就业的现实,采用甘肃省天水市1205名失业妇女的调查数据,借助统计软件spss16.0,探讨了影响西部欠发达地区失业妇女再就业的显著影响因素：年龄、文化程度和培训经历,明确了家庭规模、思想障碍和再就业之间的非显著的因果关系,最后在logistic回归模型分析结果的基础上,从宏观、中观和微观三个层面提出了解决西部欠发达地区失业妇女再就业的有效对策。     

A tangled web: The reciprocal relationship between depression and educational outcomes in China

Research on depression and education usually focuses on a unidirectional relationship. This paper proposes a reciprocal relationship, simultaneously estimating the effects of depression on education and of education on depression. China, which has the world's largest education system, is used as a case study. This paper applies structural equation modeling to three datasets: the China Family Panel Studies, the China Education Panel Survey, and the Gansu Survey of Children and Families. Analyses reveal a reciprocal and negative relationship between depression and educational outcomes. Specifically, early depression reduces later educational achievement, and higher educational achievement also lowers the level of subsequent depression by resulting in less peers' unfriendliness, less pressure from parents' expectations, and less teachers' criticism. More time spent on studies is not associated with higher educational achievement but significantly increases the level of depression. Children from lower SES families bear more pressure and spend more time on studies, which does not correspond to higher educational achievement but rather to higher levels of depression. In the long term, prior depression lowers educational attainment and, after controlling for prior depression, lower educational attainment is also associated with higher levels of subsequent depression. This paper shows that the lower achievers, not the high achievers, bear the major psychological burden of the education system's quest to produce high achievement. This situation reinforces these students' educational disadvantage.     

School choice & social stratification: How intra-district transfers shift the racial/ethnic and economic composition of schools

The liberation model hypothesizes that school choice liberates students from underperforming schools by giving them the opportunity to seek academically superior schooling options outside of their neighborhoods. Subsequently, school choice is hypothesized to diminish stratification in schools. Data from one urban school district is analyzed to test these hypotheses. We specifically examine which factors influence the propensity for parents to participate in choice, and how school choice changes the racial/ethnic and economic composition of schools. We further examine how school choice influences similar changes within distinct sociogeographic areas within the district. We find that families who are zoned to more racially/ethnically and economically diverse schools in sociogeographically diverse areas are more likely to participate in school choice. We also find that intra-district choice is associated with a slight increase in social stratification throughout the district, with more substantial stratification occurring in the most demographically diverse areas and schools.