云南与中南半岛跨境民族在社会转型时期的文化走向

本文从语言文字、风俗习惯和宗教信仰三个方面考察和论述了云南省与周边跨境民族文化面临的挑战和机遇,指出文化的力量既很脆弱,也很顽强,它会迅速适应现实经济生活的变化,又有抗拒同化的强大生命力。     

Behind the ethnic–civic distinction: Public attitudes towards immigrants’ political rights in the Netherlands

Public opinion research has sought to distinguish between ethnic and civic conceptions of citizenship and examined the differential associations of these conceptions with policy preferences in the realm of immigration. What has not been examined empirically is why exactly these conceptions are related to people’s preferences. In two survey studies conducted among national samples of native Dutch we tested the proposition that the endorsement of ethnic citizenship is related to lower acceptance of Muslim immigrant rights (Study 1) and their political participation (Study 2) because of a weaker normative sense of common national belonging and higher adherence to autochthony (primo-occupancy) beliefs. In contrast, the endorsement of civic citizenship was expected to be associated with higher acceptance of Muslim immigrant rights and their political participation because of a stronger sense of common belonging and lower belief in autochthony. The findings of the two studies are similar and in support of these expectations.     

广西汉、壮族大学生文化认同调查研究

在《汉族、藏族和回族大学生族群认同问卷》的基础上参考菲尼的多族群认同问卷,抽取若干项目组成量表,对广西汉、壮族大学生共583人进行了调查。研究发现：壮族大学生相较于汉族对本族群的文化,在认知、情感和行为三个维度趋同更高,即对本民族的文化认同较高;来自山区的大学生相较于来自城市的大学生在认知和行为维度有较高的得分,并达到...     

双语教育与新疆各族群间的文化协同

文章结合新疆双语格局、双语教育和双语教学现状,阐明多民族社会语言协同和文化协同的重要性,提出双语教育能够从促进少数民族文化水平与素质提高,传统文化挖掘、继承与发展,教育事业发展,劳动就业,专业技术人员的培养,科学素质的提高等方面推动文化协同;从社会长治久安角度,指出文化协同在多民族社会共同基本价值观的形成、对于异族群文化所应秉持的态度、跨民族语言交际与民族团结、超族群文化对新疆文化的发展等方面的重要意义。     

民族地区教师教育模式创新与教师教育专业化

通过对教师教育性质的认识,结合四川西部民族地区教师专业化发展的现状及教师教育专业化过程中的问题,探讨了民族地区教师教育的理念,提出了民族地区教师教育人才培养新模式,对促进民族地区教师专业化发展及教师教育专业化可持续发展有着新的实践意义。     

‘Born this Way’? Prenatal exposure to testosterone may determine behavior in competition and conflict

Fetal exposure to sex hormones can have long lasting effects on human behavior. The second-to-fourth digit ratio (DR) is considered a putative marker for prenatal exposure to testosterone (vs estrogens), with higher exposure resulting in lower DR. Even though testosterone is theoretically related to competition, the role of DR in human behavior is debated; and in situations such as bilateral conflict is unknown. We investigate this through a laboratory experiment using a repeated 2-person Tullock contest played in fixed same-gender pairs. Based on a previously obtained large sample of student subjects, we selectively invited participants to the laboratory if their right-hand DR was in the top (High-DR) or bottom (Low-DR) tercile for their gender. Unbeknownst to the subjects, we performed a controlled match of the DR types (Low-Low, Low-High, High-High). This novel methodology allows us to analyze the causal effect of DR on behavior for the first time in the literature. We find that Low-DR (vs High-DR) males compete more aggressively regardless of the counterpart’s type. For females’ conflict behavior, the counterpart’s type matters more than the decision-maker’s type: Low-DRs are non-significantly more aggressive but every-one is more aggressive against High-DRs. Limitations due to sample size are discussed.     

赤峰古代民族考

内蒙古赤峰市是多民族分布地区的典型代表。在不同历史时期,都出现了对当时和后世产生较大影响的民族,如商族、山戎族、东胡族、匈奴族、乌桓族、鲜卑族、契丹族、库莫奚族、霫族、女真族、蒙古族、回族、满族、朝鲜族和汉族等,以上诸族对赤峰地区的文明形成和历史发展做出了重要的贡献。赤峰地区古代民族的发展历史,充分证实了中华民族多元一体的历史发展轨迹。     

What drives a tough call: Determining the importance of contingency factors and individual characteristics in communication executives’ stance decision-making through a conjoint analysis

To further the understanding of how communication executives make tough calls in times of organizational-public conflict, we use a conjoint analysis to identify key drivers for organizational stance decision-making. This is the first-ever conjoint analysis applied to advancing the contingency theory of strategic conflict management by examining the relative importance of key contingency factors as determined by practitioners with varied individual characteristics. This study investigates: 1) the relevant importance of and dynamics between three key contingency factors (i.e., external threats, organizational characteristics, and dominant coalition characteristics); 2) the influence of individual characteristics (e.g., gender, experience, and personal ethics) in stance decision-making process; and 3) how different types of organizational stances (i.e., general stance, action-based accommodation, and qualified-rhetoric-mixed accommodation) are determined by these contingency factors and individual characteristics in different conflict situations. Results generated among our communication executive participants include: individual characteristics (i.e., gender, ethics and social responsibility, whistleblowing tendencies, and over 20 years in the communications field) are influential for their strategic conflict management decision-making. Implications for refining the contingency theory and unearthing complex public relations decision-making processes via novel statistical techniques are discussed.     

Field of study variation throughout the college pipeline and its effect on the earnings gap: Differences between ethnic and immigrant groups in Israel

This study demonstrates the analytical leverage gained from considering the entire college pipeline—including the application, admission and graduation stages—in examining the economic position of various groups upon labor market entry. The findings, based on data from three elite universities in Israel, reveal that the process that shapes economic inequality between different ethnic and immigrant groups is not necessarily cumulative. Field of study stratification does not expand systematically from stage to stage and the position of groups on the field of study hierarchy at each stage is not entirely explained by academic preparation. Differential selection and attrition processes, as well as ambition and aspirations, also shape the position of ethnic groups in the earnings hierarchy and generate a non-cumulative pattern. These findings suggest that a cross-sectional assessment of field of study inequality at the graduation stage can generate misleading conclusions about group-based economic inequality among workers with a bachelor’s degree.     

Breast Cancer:

Cancer is a major problem for elderly individuals. Overall, it is the second leading cause of death after heart disease and 50% of all documented cases occur in 12% of the population over the age 65. About 50,000 women in the United States age 65 and older are diagnosed annually with breast cancer, making it one of the most serious health oroblems for women in this age ~ O U D I. t is the second leading causk of cancer deaths after lung cancer in women. While breast cancer is not preventable, the survival rate is near 100% if detected earlv. However. late staEe of diamosis remains a concern in this age groip. ~ ~ ~ r o x & n ai0t%e lo~f women with breast cancer present with metastases as the first indication of a malignancy. Early detection and screening offer the only solution to this dreaded situation. Society must find ways to make these practices available to the elderly.