近代绅商家族的商业经营及其艰难转型:以湖州南浔刘氏为中心

湖州南浔刘氏为近代著名绅商家族。19世纪40年代上海开埠后，刘氏家族起家于辑里湖丝贸易，后扩展家业至盐业、典业、地产业等各个领域。19世纪80年代以后，受国际贸易体系和国内生产结构影响，刘氏家族的商业资本加速流向近代工业、商贸业和金融业，但总体上仍然表现出以商业资本为主导的资本结构特点，并与传统经济形态保持着甚为紧密的关系。刘氏家族的个案反映出近代绅商阶层的经济近代化尚未获得充分、完全的发展，揭示了近代绅商阶层转化及其商业资本转化的过程的艰难。这两个转化过程，需要应对与近代社会生产结构、外国资本主义、本国官府势力和官僚资本等诸种复杂关系。     

Mature-aged Social Work Students: Challenges,Study Realities,and Experiences of Poverty

There has been a substantial increase in mature-aged students enrolled in higher education in recent decades. Equally, mature-aged women, often with family responsibilities, are well represented in social work degree programs. In this article, the findings from the National Study of Social Work Students (NSSWS) are examined in relation to mature-age students to better understand their study experiences, and factors that may be impeding their ability to take advantage of a university education. What is clear from the data is that many mature-age social work students were experiencing poverty at higher rates than their younger counterparts who were themselves financially struggling at higher than average rates for domestic Australian tertiary students. Here, mature-age social work students’ experiences and perspectives are presented using quantitative data and students’ own qualitative responses. The results have important implications for social work educators and administrators, and wider policy ramifications regarding student equity.

IMPLICATIONS

• These findings provide a spotlight for national bodies, universities, educators, policy makers, sector partners, and researchers into the under-researched, lived realities for mature-aged Australian social work students.

• Better understanding the grinding effect of poverty on many mature-aged social work students can spur political action to enact systemic change.

     

Emotionally intelligent top management and high family firm performance: Evidence from Germany

Executives in family firms are often confronted with emotionally loaded issues, in part due to the need to include the interests of the owning family. Given this context, we hypothesize how high family-firm performance is affected by the emotional intelligence (EI) of a family-based CEO and top-management team (TMT), in addition to the CEO's transformational leadership (TFL) and TMT's behavioral integration. Survey measures were taken from a random sample of 72 CEOs of German family firms and 245 members of their TMTs. We found that TMT behavioral integration mediates between CEO TFL and objective firm performance while CEO EI is significantly related to both CEO TFL and TMT EI. Implications are discussed for future research thereby suggesting an extension to upper-echelon theory.     

离婚财产协议参照适用情势变更规则:教义诠释、确证与运行

虽然《中华人民共和国民法典》第464条第2款从宏观层面明确规定了与身份关系有关的协议可参照适用合同编的规则,为离婚财产协议参照适用情势变更规则提供了制度基础,但是,对于“参照适用”技术在此条中的适用问题,仍存在正当性与合理性的争议。基于此,文章从离婚财产协议参照适用情势变更规则的教义诠释入手,澄清“有关身份关系的协议”和“参照适用”的语词意旨与技术原理。随后,考虑到离婚财产协议具有人身和财产的二重属性,故可通过抽象价值的检讨和法律解释方法的运用,确证离婚财产协议可得参照适用情势变更规则的正当性。最后,解构情势变更规则的构成要件和法律效果,方可得出其运行的基本构造和逻辑进路。     

Robust designs for multinomial models

Abstract

Model misspecification in generalized linear models (GLMs) occurs usually when the linear predictor and/or the link function assumed are incorrect. This article discusses the effect of such misspecification on design selection for multinomial GLMs and proposes the use of quantile dispersion graphs to select robust designs. Due to misspecification in the model, parameter estimates are usually biased and the designs are compared on the basis of their mean squared error of prediction. Several numerical examples including a real data set are presented to illustrate the proposed methodology.     

A method for estimating lorenz curves

This paper proposes a new method for estimating the parameters of Lorenz Curves (LC’s) and fitting LC’s to observed data. The method is very general. It is applicable to any family of LC’s as long as it is given in closed form which is often the case in practice. The method can also be applied to either the LC or to its associated distribution. The estimators are easy to compute as they are obtained one at a time by solving only one equation in one unknown and in many cases the solutions are given in closed-forms. An additional advantage, that is not shared with the currently used method of estimation, is that the method is invariant as to the specification of which variable is written as a function of the other in the LC form. The method is applied to the most commonly suggested LC’s families. An example of real-life data is used to illustrate the methodology. A simulation study is performed to study the properties of the proposed estimators and to compare them with existing ones. The results seem to indicate that the proposed estimators have good properties and they often perform much better than the existing ones.     

新疆维吾尔族打工妹的社会角色和家庭地位转变——喀什地区疏勒县巴仁乡的调查

本论文将城镇化与巴仁乡打工妹社会角色和家庭地位转变问题紧密结合,以巴仁乡打工妹的社会角色地位转变为主线,对巴仁乡打工妹的家庭资源的支配权、家庭主要事务的参与权、自主择偶程度以及对家庭经济地位自我评价等几方面做一个详细的、系统的田野调查,找出外出务工经验对巴仁乡打工妹社会角色和家庭地位的影响,并对经济因素对妇女家庭地位的影响这一研究假设进行验证,从而得到结论.     

Changing Demographic Characteristics and the Family Status of Chinese Women

The model developed in this paper extends Bongaarts's nuclear family model into a general one that accounts for both nuclear and three-generation families, and which is expected to be more widely applicable. In the paper a simulation and comparison of two cohorts of women who are assumed to live out their lives under demographic conditions of China in 1950–70 and 1981 is presented. The status distribution and expected years spent in different parities, marital statuses, being the child of surviving parent(s), being a parent of living children, and having responsibility for both elderly parent(s) and young children etc. are given. The consequences of the dramatic demographic changes are clearly demonstrated.     

流动人口计划生育公共服务评估及创新——基于五地市的调查

基于对五地市的调查,本研究对流动农村人口计生公共服务实施情况进行了分析评估.综合政策认知、接受的人口计生公共服务项目、服务需求、服务满意度等方面情况的调查结果,发现:当前流动人口计生公共服务还存在服务内容不丰富、服务方式不科学、政策执行不到位、保障机制不健全、管理机制不协调、服务不均等等诸多问题和制约.转变政府公共服务职能和理念、拓展服务内容、丰富服务方式、完善保障机制有助于提升流动人口计生公共服务的水平和效能.     

女性家庭地位越高就越幸福吗?

人们普遍认为,女性家庭地位越高就会越幸福。然而,本文使用中国家庭追踪调查数据,基于有序响应模型和条件混合过程法,研究发现女性拥有更多家庭事务决策权未必能改善其幸福感。分样本回归显示,对于受教育少以及受强外部传统文化规范约束的女性群体,家庭决策权对其幸福感的负向影响尤为显著。这一发现,对将来关于个体幸福感的研究具有重要启示,即只有把外部文化规范等社会背景考虑进来,家庭决策者身份的幸福效应方向才能最终确认。此外,本文关于传统文化规范力量 仍然主导着女性幸福感的发现,也为政府部门制定致力于赋权女性的政策提供了论证基点。