吊挂式高楼清洗机

安全可靠的高楼清洗设备设计已成为当前重要课题。由于高空作业要求安全、稳定、贴墙、行走、平衡等,文章突破吊栏等传统结构,采用双钢丝吊挂式设计,从材料选用到自带电、液结构等方面,对高楼清洗机进行了优化设计,保证高楼清洗机的安全、轻便与简洁。     

京津冀人口集聚对能源消费的影响

京津冀作为我国重要的人口集聚区,其区域发展面临严重的能源和环境问题。首先,基于STIRPAT模型构建京津冀面板数据模型,研究1990—2017年京津冀人口密度、经济增长、产业结构和环境规制对能源消费的影响。其次,采用SVAR模型通过脉冲响应函数和方差分解,研究京津冀人口密度变动对能源消费的作用机理和动态影响关系。结果显示,京津冀三地的人口密度、人均实际GDP与能源消费之间存在正向影响关系,其中河北省影响系数最大;北京和天津第三产业占比与能源消费之间存在反向影响关系,河北省第三产业占比对能源消费的影响不显著;北京和天津的环境规制对能源消费影响不显著,河北省环境规制对能源消费具有正向影响;京津冀地区和京冀两地人口密度变动对能源消费的影响在短期呈现负向效应,但是在中长期京津冀地区和三地人口密度变动对能源消费的影响均先上升然后缓慢下降,人口集聚具有集约用能效应。相对于能源消费自身影响而言,京津冀人口密度变动对能源消费的贡献相对较小,其影响效应有限。最后,对京津冀人口流动和能源消费一体化协同发展提出对策建议。     

完善我国个人所得税制度的思考

费用扣除不合理,税率结构不科学,税收征管不力等是我国个人所得税制度存在的主要问题。应明确个税的税种归属,实行综合所得税制,调整税率结构,建立起有利于援助弱势群体的负所得税制度。     

泛渤海区域空间结构调整基本思路研究

划分区域的目的就是要政府协调解决其内部存在的主要矛盾和问题。立足于环渤海地区需要协调解决的突出问题,首先分析指出环渤海的范围主要应包括北京、天津、河北、山东、山西、内蒙中部4市,而不应包括辽宁。为与通常意义的环渤海有所区别,建议用“泛渤海”指代该区域。结合区域内现有的空间结构和发展趋势,提出了按照“四区五带”的总体空间架构调整目前的空间结构。随后的分析中重点阐释了城镇体系和产业布局的基本思路。     

家庭价值观结构、代际变迁及其影响因素

对中国家庭价值观核心结构、核心家庭观念的代际变迁及其相关影响因素的研究表明,中国家庭核心观念包括孝道观、男性中心观和家庭本位观3个方面。除了男性中心观呈现明显的"代际"下降趋势外,孝道观和"家庭本位观"基本没有出现代际差异。这表明在传统农业文明和现代工业文明的双重影响下,中国家庭核心价值观认同表现出一定的选择性。从中我们既看到人们对传统价值观的坚持,又能看到现代家庭观念的发展。     

Entrenchment in publicly traded family firms: Evidence from the S&P 500

Family involvement in corporate governance through ownership, management, and board membership presents a unique dilemma for understanding the strategic impetus and costs of entrenchment decisions. The presence of shared family ties and the family-centered goals of firm principals call to question the applicability of extant agency arguments regarding the nature and antecedents of managerial entrenchment. Exploring this, we develop and test a model of family firm-specific determinants (i.e., family ownership and family's involvement in management and governance) of entrenchment in publicly traded firms by drawing upon principal-principal agency theory. Findings of the empirical analysis of family owned S&P 500 firms suggest family firms are motivated to entrench managers when doing so supports the pursuit of family-centric goals. However, the extent to which entrenchment supports such goals varies at different levels of family ownership.     

Inter‐country wage differences in the European Union

This article investigates the determinants of wage gaps between European Union countries along the wage distribution, applying the methodology proposed by Firpo, Fortin and Lemieux (2009) and Fortin, Lemieux and Firpo (2011). The authors conclude that both wage structure and composition effects contribute to explaining wage differentials, but that the wage structure effect is more important. This latter effect would appear to derive from differences between unknown factors, while the composition effect can largely be explained by differences in the following areas: education, proportion of workers with supervisory responsibilities, occupational structure, and, to a lesser extent, industrial structure.     

Family Diversity and Child Health: Where Do Same‐Sex Couple Families Fit?

Increasing family diversity during the past half century has focused national attention on how children are faring in nontraditional family structures. Much of the limited evidence on children in same‐sex couple families suffers from several shortcomings, including a lack of representative data. We use the National Health Interview Survey (2004–2012) and the National Survey of Children's Health (2011–2012) to identify children in different‐sex married and cohabiting families, never and previously married single‐parent families, and same‐sex couple families. Considering important characteristics such as the child's race or ethnicity and adoption status, household socioeconomic standing, family stability, and parent health, we examine the relationship between family type and parent‐rated overall child health. The results suggest that poorer health among children in same‐sex couple as well as different‐sex cohabiting couple and single‐parent families appears to be largely the product of demographic and socioeconomic differences rather than exposure to nontraditional family forms.     

Family Characteristics and Mate Selection: Evidence From Computer‐Assisted Dating in Japan

Research on mate selection rarely considers singles' preferences for their future partners' family configurations and experiences. Using online dating records from a matchmaking agency in Japan, a society with a strong emphasis on family and kinship, we examine how singles' responses to date requests correspond to potential mates' family circumstances. Results showed that singles' preferences for potential partners' family characteristics stem from a concern about future obligations toward the partner's family and stereotypes associated with certain family traits. Singles are less likely to accept requests from those from large families, which are seen as traditional. Being from a large family, however, hampers individuals' dating chances more if they are firstborn and have no brothers, two conditions that make them the designated child to care for elderly parents. We also find that Japanese singles seek partners with more of the universally valued family traits rather than traits similar to their own.