社区居委会为老服务的现状及发展路径——基于NT市X街道HJ社区的实证分析

社区居委会是社区为老服务的重要主体。通过实证分析发现,社区居委会为老服务取得成效之时,也存在着户籍管理制度,老人心理、生理特性和为老服务资源等方面的问题。因此必须建立非在籍老人登记制度;采用社工技巧加强与社区老人的沟通;开发和整合社区居委会为老服务的人力和财力资源。     

高校图书馆在素质教育中的作用

全面实施素质教育,培养具有创新精神的高素质人才,是时代赋予我国高等教育的伟大历史使命。图书馆作为高校开展大学生素质教育的重要阵地,应充分利用丰富的馆藏、优质的服务、科学的管理、优美的环境,发挥其积极作用。     

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No abstract available for this article.     

A Preliminary Assessment of the Validity and Reliability of the Performance Diagnostic Checklist-Human Services

ABSTRACT

The Performance Diagnostic Checklist-Human Services (PDC-HS) is an informant-based tool used to identify the environmental variables contributing to employee performance problems in human service settings. Although previous research has suggested that the tool is useful to identify an intervention which can be used to improve performance, no studies have formally examined the validity and reliability of the tool. In this study, we used video vignettes to assess the validity and reliability of the PDC-HS. We created three videos; each described a performance problem in one or more of the four PDC-HS domains. Twenty-one participants then watched the videos and evaluated the performance problem depicted using the PDC-HS. We measured the validity of the tool by calculating the percentage of participants who correctly identified the PDC-HS domain responsible for the performance problem. Two to four weeks later, we had participants re-watch the videos and complete the PDC-HS to obtain a measure of test re-test reliability. We also compared PDC-HS item responses across participants to evaluate inter-rater reliability. Results show that all participants correctly identified the problematic PDC-HS domain(s) in each video. PDC-HS validity values were above 93% across all three videos and domains; mean test re-test and interrater reliability values were above 95%. The results are discussed in terms of the preliminary nature of this analysis; although these data are limited by the amount and clarity of the information provided in the videos, this study represents a necessary first step in the assessment of the reliability and validity of the PDC-HS tool.     

Finding symbolons for cyberspace: Addressing the issues of trust in electronic commerce

E-commerce is growing rapidly, but a majority of the Internet users is still hesitant to become involved in it. One big hurdle is lack of trust. This paper deals with trust in ecommerce and measures to increase it. It discusses one particular so-called web assurance service for business-to-consumer commerce in detail. It also analyses if such services remain viable in an era of more mature e-commerce, and how they should be adjusted to the business-to-business environment.     

Finding Meaningful Support: Young People's Experiences of “Risky” Environments

This paper reports on the qualitative phase of a New Zealand study of young people who had been exposed to “risky” environments from a young age. These young people had experienced traumatic events such as abuse, violence, addictions, mental health issues, and many had been excluded from school. The young people (aged between 13 and 17) were users of multiple services (statutory and nongovernmental services including: child welfare, juvenile justice, remedial education, and mental health services). Qualitative interviews (n?=?109) explored young people's experiences in their families, communities, education, and their perspectives on support provided by services and their own support networks. Three thematic clusters emerged as central motifs in young people's experiences and are the focus of this article: navigating “risky” environments; services and support; and, working to find different pathways.     

Australian Workers’ Narratives about Emergency Relief and Employment Service Clients: Complex Issues,Simple Solutions

This paper illuminates two under-investigated, and often intersecting, frontline services accessed by unemployed people. It reports on the narratives of 32 Australian service providers working in emergency relief or employment services during 2012, including perceptions of clients’ presenting issues and problems, and rationale for intervention. Workers tended to use reductionist and individualistic terms to describe complex client issues suggesting self-motivation and personal responsibility were key to gaining employment or alleviating poverty. Clients were often viewed as having the power to change their circumstances, while workers appeared unaware of their positional power and drew from dominant conservative discourse about welfarism and unemployment to fortify their compliance requirements. The findings are discussed in relation to service delivery and reform.     

中外政府行政管理成本实证比较

中外政府行政管理成本实证比较的前提是确定可比的统计口径。2007年中国新财政支出分类向2001年出台的新国际标准靠拢,行政管理费在中国的统计分类中消失。目前,需要厘清的是:⑴区分中国2007年以前的广义和狭义行政管理费;⑵根据国际惯例,将新分类标准下的一般公共服务、涉外(外交外援)、公共安全三个大类加总作为政府的行政管理成本;⑶根据公开数据计算中国和部分发达国家、转型国家、发展中国家的政府行政管理成本及相关比数,并进行横向比较;⑷初步分析中国相关统计数据的缩水问题。