工学结合模式下的电气自动化专业课程体系改革探索

文章探讨了高等职业技术教育在工学结合教学模式下,自动化专业课程体系的改革途径,阐述了遇到的问题和相应的对策。     

文化的人类自觉创造物观

历史上有种种经验形态的、抽象形态的文化观;论者则力图从共性与个性的对立统一中、历史与现状的对立统一中、文化与自然的对立统一中全面系统地把握文化,建立具体的文化观,即文化的人类自觉创造物观文化是人类在一定目标指引下、在一定现实条件基础上的自觉创造物.价值目标是以一定价值观和现实条件为根据经决策思维而建构起来的创造相应价值实体,从而实现相应价值的目标.现实条件是历史地积累起来而又延续到现在的条件,包括自然条件、社会条件、文化条件等.人类的自觉创造物即在自觉意识参与下的行为产物.这样,文化就是人类在一定价值目标引导下、在一定现实条件支持下通过创造文化的自觉行为而创造出来的.这种创造实现在人类自身之上,就形成本体文化;实现在外部对象上,就形成对象文化.文化具有统一性与多样性、个体性与群体性、稳定性与变异性、继承性与批判性、社会性与个体性、传统性与时代性、竞争性与协作性,一系列两极对立的品质等八个特点.     

Quality of life in workplace trauma victims seeking treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder

Traumatic events at work can have debilitating effects on employees. This pilot study aims to describe the trauma exposure, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) severity, functioning level, and general and work-related quality of life of employees who experienced a workplace trauma and consequently developed PTSD. Forty-four participants with current PTSD were recruited and assessed using semistructured interviews and questionnaires. ANOVAs were performed to assess differences in outcomes between employees from different work settings. Specific types of traumatic events appear to occur in particular types of occupations. Participants manifested severe PTSD, low levels of current functioning, and poor general and work-related quality of life. Overall, these results did not significantly differ between employees in different occupations. Unemployed participants showed poorer outcomes than those who were still working despite their current difficulties. PTSD severity and the presence of comorbid major depression significantly predicted several quality-of-life outcomes. In conclusion, PTSD stemming from workplace trauma appears to have major consequences for employees. Clinical implications are discussed.     

Cross-domain consequences of workplace bullying: A multi-source daily diary study

In this multi-source daily diary study, we examine the effect of exposure to workplace bullying behaviours on family domain outcomes (conflicts at home, relationship satisfaction), and the mediating role that psychological detachment and affective distress play in this relationship. A sample of 68 employees and their spouses filled in a quantitative diary for five consecutive working days twice a day (number of occasions?=?680). Multilevel analyses showed that daily workplace bullying positively predicted both self-report and spouse-report conflicts at home, and daily psychological detachment mediated this relationship. In addition, daily affective distress was the mediator only for self-report conflicts at home. Further, an indirect effect of both affective distress and detachment on the relationship between bullying and self-reported relationship satisfaction was found. Detachment also showed an indirect role in the association between bullying and spouse-reported relationship satisfaction. This is one of the first studies in showing that negative effects of workplace bullying go beyond the work setting and beyond the employee. Moreover, this study adds to an emerging line of research exploring how daily negative work experiences are transferred to and interferes with the non-work domain. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.     

Managing corporate community responsibility in multinational corporations: Resolving institutional duality

Addressing calls to explore how subsidiaries of MNCs operating in different institutional contexts resolve institutional duality, this paper brings together dual theoretical explanations from legitimacy and neo-institutional theory, to examine how decision-making for corporate community responsibility (CCR) occurs across ten subsidiaries operating in Sri Lanka. Using qualitative data, it shows that while subsidiaries’ implementation of local CCR conform to that of their parents at an aggregate level, those subsidiaries encountering higher levels of institutional conflict in the host-country, are sanctioned by their parent companies to de-couple their local CCR projects. These findings raise interesting questions about the dynamism in subsidiary responses to resolving institutional duality relevant for future scholarly research.     

产业集群与区域经济发展

企业在空间上的聚集不仅是一个地理学上的概念,还有着深刻的经济学涵义。从亚当.斯密分工与经济发展的观点看,集群可以通过形成一个众多买方和卖方的市场而产生稠密市场效应,降低交易费用,同时,集群会引致企业间分工对企业内分工的替代,提高市场在资源配置中的作用和分工水平。区域在实施集群启动战略时应改变传统大企业偏好和过度关注GDP的误区,注重提高市场化水平、提高产业整体配套能力,实现产业水平的规模经济。     

解读职场性骚扰

近些年,职场性骚扰话题愈演愈热,然而多数人对这一概念的理解是片面的、直观的。论文从职场性骚扰的定义、特征、主体、客体、对象等方面对其进行界定,兼对“如何理解性骚扰中的‘性’”,“女性可否成为性骚扰主体”,“同性之间能否成立性骚扰”,“双性恋者可否成为性骚扰主体”等争议问题作出解答。     

Exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke in the Workplace and the Impact of Away-From-Work Exposure

Concentrating on exposure in workplaces where smoking occurs, we examined environmental tobacco smoke (ETS)-related concentration data from the 16-City Study.^(1,2) This study involved a large population of nonsmokers, used personal monitors, and encompassed a wide selection of ETS-related constituents. This first article in a series of three describes the 16-City Study, considers the impact of demographic variables, and concludes that these variables did not explain differences in exposure to ETS. We compared 16-City Study concentrations obtained in the workplace to previously reported workplace concentrations and determined that data from this study were representative of current ETS exposure in nonmanufacturing workplaces where smoking occurs. Considering factors other than demographic factors, we found that, not surprisingly, the number of cigarettes observed in the workplace had an impact on exposure concentrations. Finally, we compared people from homes where smoking occurs with people from nonsmoking homes and found that people from smoking homes observed more smoking in the workplace and experienced higher concentrations of ETS-related compounds in the workplace, even when they observed the same number of cigarettes being smoked in the workplace. In two subsequent articles in this series, we discuss relationships between various ETS markers and provide estimates of distributions of doses to nonsmoking workers employed in workplaces where smoking occurs.