英汉思维方式对语言结构的影响

思维方式对语言的结构有哪些影响?本文从形合与意合在句法上与章法上的不同表现,论述了英汉两种语言在结构和表达方式上的不同,并通过实例归纳出一些具体做法,供同行进一步探讨。     

剑溪堂刻本《书经》考述

剑溪堂刻本《书经》为近年在徽州地区发现的一种《尚书》新版本。根据其书口、版式、字体、用纸、内封面以及避讳等情况综合判断,该书刊行于明神宗万历年间,与北图藏元明间宗文书堂刻本《书集传音释六卷》同出一个版本系统。它的出现对于认识《书经》乃至整个《尚书》的流变史有其重要意义。在蔡沈集传《书经》普遍流行六册、七册线装本的情况下,三册毛装本无疑还具有较强的版本认识价值。     

关于建立“成都学”的思考

通过一个城市的历史,去透视整个人类文明发展的进程、值得趋避的经验与教训,是城市学研究的根本目的.把具有两千多年历史的成都作为一个聚焦点,可以涉猎城市规模、城市生态系统、社会结构和社会文化,以及地理、历史、人才、经济、技术,城市管理机制、生态机制、监督机制和应变机制等诸多问题,这也都是当今世界性"城市化"浪潮中人们普遍关心的话题.     

郑玄《尚书》训诂的谶纬化

郑玄是汉学的总结性人物,其《尚书》训诂,是东汉《尚书》学之代表。郑玄《尚书》训诂,融古文、今文、谶纬于一体,是两汉《尚书》学谶纬化范围扩大的最好例证。通过郑玄,我们可以知道,古今文《尚书》学的对立并不妨碍双方对谶纬的吸收,谶纬在郑玄手中变成整合古今文《尚书》学的桥梁。     

《史记》“互见法”再论

<史记>叙事首创"互见法",取得了很高的艺术成就.然而,今人在嘉许<史记>"互见法"首创价值的时候,对部分互见文字的真伪要谨慎,还应看到<史记>"互见法"体系并不完备,<史记>"互见法"的运用还不很自觉,特别是"互见法"对于今人还原<史记>"一家之言"的哲学真相有很大的干扰.     

于显在主题之外找寻异质——《创业史》再解读

《创业史》的显在主题明确而唯一。然而文本中的异质成分却构成潜在的主题,在一定程度上解构了显在的主题:对个体劳动的礼赞,冲击了以公有制强行取代私有制的国家意志;对合理诉求的再现,表现了“异己者”要求平等自由、言行一致的有效追问;对女性命运的书写,凸显了社会主义新人梁生宝的人格缺失。在文本显在主题所依附的政治意义遭遇颠覆的今天,正是这些异质成分使文本具有了超越时代的价值。     

An Australian history of the subordination of midwifery

This paper analyses the history of the subordination of midwifery to medicine and nursing. With the important exception of Evan Willis’ work on medical dominance and Annette Summers’ work on the takeover of midwifery by nursing, other histories of Australian midwifery have taken a neutral approach to issue of power and control. The aim of analysing this period is to identify the strategies of power that were used to subordinate midwifery. With increased consciousness of how power has operated in the past, midwives and woman of today can be more empowered when seeking to promote normal birth and midwifery models of care.Concepts of ‘power’, ‘the state’ and midwife are defined and discussed. A summary of the decline of midwifery and the rise of obstetrics in Europe and the United Kingdom (UK) gives a background against which to understand the Australian experience. The historical account given here draws to a climax by focussing on the period 1886–1928. It was during this time that medicine forged an alliance with nursing and achieved both legal and disciplinary control of midwifery. Knowing how this was done is important because it helps us to recognise the power strategies that are currently being used by medicine. This is helpful when planning how these strategies might be matched or countered by contemporary woman and midwives when seeking to promote normal birth and midwifery models of care.     

女性主义社会工作的渊源和发展——对传统的批判及其专业性的重塑

女性主义起源于19世纪的法国,女性主义者透过实践诉求两性平权的社会,试图让女性从父权制中解脱出来。1970至1980年代开始,社会工作者将女性主义观点应用到实务工作中,从而产生了女性主义社会工作。女性主义社会工作通过对传统社会工作的批判,对其专业性进行了重塑,让实务者不仅使女性在能力建设、心理调适和社会支持等方面得到了提高,也使女性在宏观的社会关系变革中得到了发展。     

试析《史记·十二诸侯年表》之“篇言十二,实叙十三”问题

《史记·十二诸侯年表》篇言十二诸侯,实际上却记叙了十三个诸侯国的盛衰大事。对于其篇言十二,实叙十三的原因,历来众说纷纭。或是认为没有把吴计入在内,或是认为忘记更改篇名,或是认为没有把鲁计入在内,或是认为没有把秦计入在内。其实十二诸侯是有特殊来历的,司马迁是用十二诸侯来代称表中的十三诸侯。十二诸侯这个固定概念的得出是与司马迁的哲学思想和社会历史观紧密相连的。十二之数和《史记》各篇数目一样,体现了儒家的一种天道观,有一定的象征,寓含着天道运行之意。     

The limitations of using school league tables to inform school choice

Summary. In England, so-called 'league tables' based on examination results and test scores are published annually, ostensibly to inform parental choice of secondary schools. A crucial limitation of these tables is that the most recent published information is based on the current performance of a cohort of pupils who entered secondary schools several years earlier, whereas for choosing a school it is the future performance of the current cohort that is of interest. We show that there is substantial uncertainty in predicting such future performance and that incorporating this uncertainty leads to a situation where only a handful of schools' future performances can be separated from both the overall mean and from one another with an acceptable degree of precision. This suggests that school league tables, including value-added tables, have very little to offer as guides to school choice.