Des corps étrange(r)s dans la police ? Les policiers minoritaires à Paris et à Berlin

Fieldwork in police stations in the Parisian region and Berlin is used to comparatively analyze how the assignment of identities shapes the occupational experiences of police officers recruited from among visible minorities. The processes for constructing and deconstructing the positions of minorities take place through negotiations during interactions among colleagues. They also depend on the institutional context. The stance of “denial” adopted by the French staff opens the way to tensions between officers from visible minorities and the others, whereas interventions by superiors in Berlin reduce the room for conflict while assigning a cultural identity to police officers recruited “from immigration”.     

Linking Disconnected Spaces or Venue Shopping? Trade-Offs in Participatory Opportunities in the EU

This article discusses why national civil society organisations (CSOs) use or abstain to use the participatory opportunities that the EU has developed in the last years. This is done by analysing the role of French and Spanish civil society groups in the debates on participatory democracy during the drafting and the referendum debates of the European Constitution (2002–2005). The paper departs from existing assessments of the role of national civil society in the Convention and demonstrates that national organisations built on their expertise on certain EU policies, on access to EU-level political actors and on contacts and alliances with other CSOs. It also differs from previous studies in finding that participation does not entail sharing the interpretive frame promoted by the EU. The finding that access opportunities do not fundamentally influence the frames of the organisations is related to their ability to strategically choose to participate in European and national venues. The paper finds that because of their scepticism on the constitution's participatory framing, French organisations preferred a stronger role at the national level, whereas Spanish organisations did not have real incentives to develop a campaign at the national level. While it is expected that dialogue with CSOs can contribute to bridging the gap between the EU and its citizens, this paper finds that the institutional setting provided incentives for national organisations to get involved only in one of the levels rather than to link them.     

‘Je suis socialiste et quinziste’: rugby,wine and socialism in the Aude since 1976

In the Languedoc, the intersections between rugby, wine and socialism give telling insights into the value and significance of regional identity. At the end of the 1970s, the Languedoc's wine industry and rugby were facing up to the challenges of modernisation; the responses which emerged drew upon the principles of regional identity drawn from the ‘banal nationalism’ of wine-drinking, left-voting rugby players in local administrations and at the head of powerful trade unions. The cross-over between board-room and locker-room helped to accent regional responses to change and modernization, ensuring that regional heritage remained potent and ready to be communicated.     

Fatherhood regimes and father involvement in France and the UK

This paper contrasts and compares the institutional framework for fatherhood and father involvement and the survey evidence relating to fathers’ contribution to childcare and domestic work in the two countries. It shows that while men's contribution to such activities appears to be increasing in both France and the UK, change is slow and father involvement does not necessarily seem to correlate directly either with patterns of female labour force participation or with the support offered by the institutional framework. The authors explore the theoretical frameworks most appropriate for explaining their findings and situate them primarily in terms of Pfau-Effinger's theorization of the gender arrangement (1998, 2002, 2004). The authors conclude that while change in father involvement is slow, the introduction of statutory and organizational work–life balance measures which alter the gender order open up opportunities for negotiated change in the division of the labour in the home.     

Outre‐Manche/Across the Channel: Ongoing Training and Gender in France and Britain

The French state‐levy system of ongoing training at work has not provided greater access for women than the laissez‐faire British system. While headlines figures suggest that women receive more training than men in Britain and that the gap has also closed for well‐qualified women in France, qualitative analysis shows that this does not indicate greater gender equity. The societal effect approach is useful for cross‐national comparison within the sphere of economic organization but must be combined with analysis of the gender order to account for differences and similarities in social reproduction. The case of the insurance industry provides detailed empirical evidence of the issues underlying this, particularly women's availability for ongoing training at work. The situation of women in each country is inextricably linked to a complex interdependence of a multitude of variables, some of which are similar, such as the workings of patriarchy, and some of which are different, such as state configurations of childcare infrastructure.     

“真理”与法兰西近代国家——以路易九世法律形象建构为中心

中世纪法国圣徒国王路易九世的法律形象以追求“真理”为主，其实质是将基督教理想移植到世俗王国的统治并用以规范法律实践。圣路易超越法条主义的法官形象背后，蕴含着中世纪神学家和法学家对司法中如何认识真相的思索。国王统治所需履行的宗教义务让世俗政权得以借用教会的“真理意识形态”，吸收罗马—教会法的资源，以调查和习惯法改造等手段改革法律秩序。圣路易时代的法国，法律制度迅猛发展，而他在其中扮演了积极的角色。这标志着“真理”与王国治理的结合，奠定了法兰西近代国家的精神和制度框架。     

加拿大多元文化主义政策与法国多元文化主义政策对比研究

多元文化主义政策是西方国家解决国内民族问题的途径之一,不同的国家实施多元文化主义政策有着各自的特点。由于国情的差别、实施多元文化主义宗旨的不同以及实施手段的差异,多元文化主义政策在加拿大取得成功,却在法国遭到失败。不同的国家有着不同的文化、历史、民族构成等不同的国情,民族问题的实质也不尽相同,因而解决民族问题的方法和手段也不能盲目套用。     

论吴稚晖20世纪初期的科学教育思想

在吴稚晖当时看来,教育是一个国家盛衰的"总因",而配称教育二字者只是科学工艺,近代中国的落后挨打就在于科学工艺发展的迟滞。在批判国内旧式教育的同时,他编报印书,普及科学常识以提高国民素质,鼓吹科学工艺来倡导青年劳作。特别是他创造性发起的留法俭学运动和创办海外中国大学,为近代中国培养了一大批急需的高科技人才,在近代中国教育史、中外文化交流史上写下了光辉的一页。     

“德国问题”与早期欧洲一体化——第二次世界大战后欧洲为什么走上联合道路

在欧洲历史上,欧洲联合的思想由来已久,但在第二次世界大战前欧洲却没有走上联合之路,这是因为德法两国没有实现和解。二战后,美国为了复兴西欧,为了解决＂德国问题＂,才有了＂舒曼计划＂,德法才逐渐实现了和解,才有了早期欧洲一体化。     

《薛福成日记》序言

薛福成是清末著名思想家、政论家和外交家,他在曾国藩、李鸿章的幕府中供职近二十年,协助处理了许多重大事件,后在中法战争中筹防浙东军务有功,被任命出使英、法、义、比四国钦差大臣,在国外五年,办理诸多事务。《薛福成日记》由此分为幕府二十年与国外五年前后两个时期,这二十五年(1869-1894)是中国社会急剧变化的时期。薛氏日记对许多重大事件都有记录,其保留的资料中有极少见或失传的文字,有不少内容为已出的刻本所无。南京图书馆古籍部与南京大学历史系协作,组织人员整理了薛氏日记,供学术界参考、利用。