服务型制造网络的Holon协同需求评价方法

依据复杂网络理论分析服务型制造网络Holon协同需求问题,给出一种考虑以直觉正态模糊数表示且多Holon协同的服务型制造网络协同需求评价方法。首先,在区分Holon复合协同和递归协同基础上构建服务型制造网络协同需求评价指标体系;其次,考虑基于网络结构特征的Holon相似稳定性,根据服务型制造网络节点相似性测度分析Holon协同需求特征,并测算不同相似性测度修正的Holon网络结构熵;再次,建立面向服务型制造网络和Holon的有专家信息双向触动反馈机制,反馈包括评价指标和网络协同状况,反馈Holon信息包括基于服务型制造网络演化方向的Holon间协同需求建议和基于服务型制造网络现有状态的网络连通性Holon协同需求建议;最后由INFCWA（INFCWA_R）算子或INFCWG（INFCWG_R）算子分别对复合协同和递归协同评价信息集结并得出评价结论。方法设计过程通过例证分析说明根据服务型制造网络目标控制的Holon协同需求评价改进了群组评价效率。     

Quadratic estimators of covariance components in a multivariate mixed linear model

It is known that the Henderson Method III (Biometrics 9:226–252, 1953) is of special interest for the mixed linear models because the estimators of the variance components are unaffected by the parameters of the fixed factor (or factors). This article deals with generalizations and minor extensions of the results obtained for the univariate linear models. A MANOVA mixed model is presented in a convenient form and the covariance components estimators are given on finite dimensional linear spaces. The results use both the usual parametric representations and the coordinate-free approach of Kruskal (Ann Math Statist 39:70–75, 1968) and Eaton (Ann Math Statist 41:528–538, 1970). The normal equations are generalized and it is given a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of quadratic unbiased estimators for covariance components in the considered model.     

Measuring and Decomposing Productivity Change

Measuring productivity change with Malmquist indices has become common practice, because they are easily computed using nonparametric programming techniques and can be readily decomposed into technical and efficiency change. However, this approach is nonstochastic and requires a constant returns to scale assumption to construct the reference technology. We propose estimating productivity change using a stochastic input distance frontier, imposing no restrictions on returns to scale. We derive the analogous decomposition of productivity change and develop a generalized method of moments strategy in which outputs or inputs may be endogenous. We compare two methods in an application to electric utilities.     

隐喻,因相似性而存在——认知视角论

本文从认知语言学的视角分析了隐喻存在的基础——相似性,列举了相似性的种类和特征,并说明相似性不是创造出来的,而是事物间原本存在的性质,人们对于这种相似性的感知是离不开隐喻的体验性的。     

论英汉语言思维的相似性

语言思维是指借助语言完成对客观世界现象描述和探索的心理过程的总括.在学术界对于语言及语言思维之间存在一种观点认为,语言不同,势必导致思维过程的差异,从而形成思维定势的差异.这种简单地将语言的差异冠以思维不同的结论是将两者的关系简单化了.事实是,英汉语言思维具有相似性,对此可以从认知和哲学两个层面加以论证.     

Generalized linear models with functional predictors

Summary. We present a technique for extending generalized linear models to the situation where some of the predictor variables are observations from a curve or function. The technique is particularly useful when only fragments of each curve have been observed. We demonstrate, on both simulated and real data sets, how this approach can be used to perform linear, logistic and censored regression with functional predictors. In addition, we show how functional principal components can be used to gain insight into the relationship between the response and functional predictors. Finally, we extend the methodology to apply generalized linear models and principal components to standard missing data problems.     

Analysing partial ranks by using smoothed paired comparison methods: an investigation of value orientation in Europe

Summary. This paper introduces the paired comparison model as a suitable approach for the analysis of partially ranked data. For example, the Inglehart index, collected in international social surveys to examine shifts in post-materialistic values, generates such data on a set of attitude items. However, current analysis methods have failed to account for the complex shifts in individual item values, or to incorporate subject covariates. The paired comparison model is thus developed to allow for covariate subject effects at the individual level, and a reparameterization allows the inclusion of smooth non-linear effects of continuous covariates. The Inglehart index collected in the 1993 International Social Science Programme survey is analysed, and complex non-linear changes of item values with age, level of education and religion are identified. The model proposed provides a powerful tool for social scientists.     

Smoothing spline Gaussian regression: more scalable computation via efficient approximation

Summary.  Smoothing splines via the penalized least squares method provide versatile and effective nonparametric models for regression with Gaussian responses. The computation of smoothing splines is generally of the order O ( n ³), n being the sample size, which severely limits its practical applicability. We study more scalable computation of smoothing spline regression via certain low dimensional approximations that are asymptotically as efficient. A simple algorithm is presented and the Bayes model that is associated with the approximations is derived, with the latter guiding the porting of Bayesian confidence intervals. The practical choice of the dimension of the approximating space is determined through simulation studies, and empirical comparisons of the approximations with the exact solution are presented. Also evaluated is a simple modification of the generalized cross-validation method for smoothing parameter selection, which to a large extent fixes the occasional undersmoothing problem that is suffered by generalized cross-validation.     

相似思维与声乐艺术再创造

声乐艺术再创造是演唱者在相似思维的诱导下,把词曲作家的第一创造(书面乐谱),通过相似思维的诱导,形成相似块进行相似集中、相似激活,形成新的相似建构、相似匹配,并达到相似升华,从而在特定的听觉空间中为欣赏者建造起一座宏伟的音响殿堂.     

Inferences of variance function - a parametric robust way

Tsou (2003a) proposed a parametric procedure for making robust inference for mean regression parameters in the context of generalized linear models. This robust procedure is extended to model variance heterogeneity. The normal working model is adjusted to become asymptotically robust for inference about regression parameters of the variance function for practically all continuous response variables. The connection between the novel robust variance regression model and the estimating equations approach is also provided.