Phase-II monitoring and diagnosing of multivariate categorical processes using generalized linear test-based control charts

In this paper, two control charts based on the generalized linear test (GLT) and contingency table are proposed for Phase-II monitoring of multivariate categorical processes. The performances of the proposed methods are compared with the exponentially weighted moving average-generalized likelihood ratio test (EWMA-GLRT) control chart proposed in the literature. The results show the better performance of the proposed control charts under moderate and large shifts. Moreover, a new scheme is proposed to identify the parameter responsible for an out-of-control signal. The performance of the proposed diagnosing procedure is evaluated through some simulation experiments.     

NIMBY, CLAMP, and the Location of New Nuclear-Related Facilities: U.S. National and 11 Site-Specific Surveys

Public and political opposition have made finding locations for new nuclear power plants, waste management, and nuclear research and development facilities a challenge for the U.S. government and the nuclear industry. U.S. government-owned properties that already have nuclear-related activities and commercial nuclear power generating stations are logical locations. Several studies and utility applications to the Nuclear Regulatory Commission suggest that concentrating locations at major plants (CLAMP) has become an implicit siting policy. We surveyed 2,101 people who lived within 50 miles of 11 existing major nuclear sites and 600 who lived elsewhere in the United States. Thirty-four percent favored CLAMP for new nuclear power plants, 52% for waste management facilities, and 50% for new nuclear laboratories. College educated, relatively affluent male whites were the strongest CLAMP supporters. They disproportionately trusted those responsible for the facilities and were not worried about existing nuclear facilities or other local environmental issues. Notably, they were concerned about continuing coal use. Not surprisingly, CLAMP proponents tended to be familiar with their existing local nuclear site. In short, likely CLAMP sites have a large and politically powerful core group to support a CLAMP policy. The challenge to proponents of nuclear technologies will be to sustain this support and expand the base among those who clearly are less connected and receptive to new nearby sites.     

Performance of Confidence Intervals in Regression Models with Unbalanced One-Fold Nested Error Structures

Abstract

In this article we consider the problem of constructing confidence intervals for a linear regression model with unbalanced nested error structure. A popular approach is the likelihood-based method employed by PROC MIXED of SAS. In this article, we examine the ability of MIXED to produce confidence intervals that maintain the stated confidence coefficient. Our results suggest that intervals for the regression coefficients work well, but intervals for the variance component associated with the primary level cannot be recommended. Accordingly, we propose alternative methods for constructing confidence intervals on the primary level variance component. Computer simulation is used to compare the proposed methods. A numerical example and SAS code are provided to demonstrate the methods.     

中原人口逃入匈奴及其受到信任使用

匈奴社会的管理比中原地区宽松,无以为生的中原贫民、留没匈奴之中原将士的亲属以及边民、奴婢等甘愿冒极大风险逃亡出塞,为的是去谋求生存.虽有障塞哨卡甚至腰斩酷刑却仍禁而不止.至西汉末年,汉廷所设四条恰从反面证明,时从中原北入匈奴谋求生存者已形成潮流.留居匈奴地区的中原人有一部分自愿参加了匈奴军队对汉军作战,还有中原人把穿井筑城治楼藏谷技术,以及计课人众畜物的疏记方法等带到匈奴地区.张骞、苏武、李陵等留居匈奴期间都曾娶胡妇建立家庭.李广利之死与殉葬无关.匈奴地区的中原人有人身自由.     

中国政府信任类型的历史嬗变与现实思考

政府信任类型是一定时代社会、经济的产物.基于信任关系的表现形态,建国以来已经经历了政府信任的依赖型、松散型和互动型三种类型的嬗变.三种类型在表现形态、结构功能和实际效应上都有明显的差异.笔者通过分析比较,重点探讨了互动型政府信任的时代合理性及其发展趋势,并有针对性地从观念、机制、主体、关系、危机应对等五个方面提出了进一步完善政府信任的对策.     

契约型农产品渠道中专有资产投入、人际信任与关系稳定

文章探讨了收购商与农户构成的契约型农产品渠道关系中,收购商与农户双方的专有资产投入对农户信任的影响,以及农户信任对关系稳定性的影响作用.实证研究发现,收购商专有资产投入会促进农户信任,而农户专有资产投入会强化上述关系;同时,农户信任会提升其续约意愿,降低其违约倾向.此外,政府支持会强化农户信任对其续约意愿的正向影响,但会削弱农户信任对其违约倾向的负向影响.研究结论拓展了传统渠道中专有资产投入对信任影响的适用范围,指出了双方锁定的渠道关系对信任的重要作用,为农产品渠道中契约稳定性的研究提供了新视角.研究还发现,政府支持对提高契约型农产品渠道关系稳定性具有重要作用,这对制定契约型农产品渠道的管理政策具有一定的启发意义.     

农地承包经营权信托流转的发展历程与趋势

农地承包经营权信托流转经历了从“政府主导型”到“市场主导型”农地信托的演变。目前的农地集合信托计划与此之前的农地信托流转模式相比,采取金融化与商业化方式改造农地信托,引入信托公司对农地进行信托管理,既强化了农地信托流转的市场化运作,改变了一直以来被诟病的政府主导型农地信托流转的弊端,有利于发挥信托公司强大的信托管理优势和资金优势,又能更迅速地集合更多土地,实现农地规模化经营。未来农地信托流转将遵循市场为主导的农地集合信托方向;以农地事务管理型信托为主,农地资金信托为辅的信托方向以及法制化的方向发展。     

关系认知、关系公平与联盟企业间信任——基于长三角地区企业的实证研究

研究探讨了关系认知和企业间信任二者间,关系公平所扮演的中介作用。以长三角地区企业为研究对象,采用问卷调查法,取得研究样本230个。经统计分析检验,证明了关系认知是能够对关系公平产生影响的前置变量,而且关系认知的各个构成因子对关系公平各构成维度的影响程度存在明显差异;同时,关系公平对关系认知和企业间信任的作用存在显著的中介效应,各维度中介效应的路径也存在差异,互动公平和分配公平对关系认知和企业间信任各因子起到完全或部分中介作用,而程序公平不能起到显著的中介作用。据此给出相关的管理建议。     

论伦理学视域下当代和谐医患关系的构建

当今,医患关系日趋紧张,矛盾冲突不断,“职业医闹”甚嚣尘上,亟需构建一个和谐的医患关系。中国古代医患伦理思想博大精深。医德方面,提出了“重义轻利”“易地以观”“仁心”待患的高标准道德要求;同时,也强调医患之间的互信。这些传统医患伦理思想,不仅有利于优秀医德的传承,也将有利于当代和谐医患关系的构建。对此,我们有必要加以借鉴变通。以往我国学者的研究重点是医患关系的经济和法律属性,却忽略了它的伦理属性。只有回归到医患关系的伦理属性上,重塑医学人文精神,增进医患互信,才有可能构建和谐的医患关系。