郑国生态环境的变化及原因初探

郑国东迁,以今新郑为其新都,重要的原因在于新郑有作为都城的优越生态环境。而郑国东迁后的生态环境也经历了由早期的良好状况到后期的严重破坏的变化,导致这种变化的原因是多方面的和复杂的。生态环境恶化产生的严峻后果又使郑国的统治者有所醒悟,并采取了一些保护生态环境的措施。这种转变是发人深省的,它对于我们今天正在进行的经济建设很有借鉴价值。     

“异地高考”政策推进策略——基于国家—地方—个体的视角

异地高考政策实行以来,公众对其后续推进寄予了广泛关注。其未来走向不仅关涉学生异地升学、考试的权利问题,更成为城镇化健康发展、教育公共服务不断完善的重要内容。从政策推进角度,国家政策层面应当加强对异地高考价值转变的引导;地方政策层面应当加强回应型政策力度,形成梯度发展规划;同时拓宽下层公众意见表达渠道,加强政策制定的主体导向。     

综合院校临床医学专业学生就业竞争力现状及对策研究

在就业形势日益严峻的今天,大学生就业问题在一定程度上制约了社会经济的发展,同时也关乎国家全局的稳定建设。在高等教育由精英化转向大众化的大背景之下,“市场化”、“竞争化”和“国际化”的教育趋势越发明显,大学生就业问题无疑成为了当下讨论和关注的热点。在综合性院校中,由于临床医学的专业性较强,这就决定了毕业生的就业渠道较为狭窄。加之医学毕业生数量的逐年增加,就业难的问题也日益突出。因地制宜,立足实际,提升医学毕业生的就业竞争力,既关系着综合院校的整体竞争力,也事关我国和谐社会的发展。     

基于因子分析的产学研合作教育影响因素研究

本文通过构建产学研合作教育影响因素的指标体系,运用因子分析法导出其中的主要影响因素,通过多元回归分析,进一步厘清各因子的影响程度,提出促进产学研合作教育人才培养机制的对策建议。     

Assessing state substance abuse prevention infrastructure through the lens of CSAP's Strategic Prevention Framework

Although the organizational structures and operating procedures of state substance abuse prevention systems vary substantially across states, there is scant empirical research regarding approaches for rigorous assessment of system attributes and which attributes are most conducive to overall effectiveness. As one component of the national cross-site evaluation of the SPF State Incentive Grant Program (SPF SIG), an instrument was developed to assess state substance abuse prevention system infrastructure in order to measure infrastructure change and examine the role of state infrastructure in achieving prevention-related outcomes. In this paper we describe the development of this instrument and summarize findings from its baseline administration. As expected, states and territories were found to vary substantially with respect seven key characteristics, or domains, of state prevention infrastructure. Across the six domains that were assessed using numeric ratings, states scored highest on data systems and lowest on strategic planning. Positive intercorrelations were observed among these domains, indicating that states with high capacity on one domain generally have relatively high capacity on other domains as well. The findings also suggest that state prevention infrastructure development is linked to both funding from state government and the presence of a state interagency coordinating body with decision-making authority. The methodology and baseline findings presented will be used to inform the ongoing national cross-site evaluation of the SPF SIG and may provide useful information to guide further research on state substance abuse prevention infrastructure.     

Mobility of students and attractiveness of universities. The case of Sapienza University of Rome

Human mobility is a complex and multifaceted phenomenon. While labour migration has been widely and deeply investigated – through theoretical and empirical analysis – other forms of mobility have received much less attention. Students' mobility is a peculiar form of temporary movement that can be considered as neither migration nor tourism. It is rapidly growing: in the period 1975–2005 the number of tertiary education students abroad increased fourfold, from 0.61 million to 2.73 million, following the trend of the internationalization of economy and globalization of culture. In 2009 almost 3.7 million tertiary students were enrolled outside their country of origin, an increase of more than 6% from the previous year.

In this paper we analyse the international mobility of university students, using a unique data set built through surveys conducted at the Sapienza University of Rome. The data collected cover a rich array of information on students' characteristics and backgrounds, provenance places, family conditions, individual aspirations, and job preferences. The empirical analysis of those data offers an opportunity for understanding a relevant part of mobility decisions of (prospective) highly qualified workers. The Sapienza University, moreover, is at present the largest university in Europe for number of students and a pole of attraction for both European and non-European students. This allows us to enlarge our analysis at a global level.     

高校志愿者参与社区来沪青少年管理服务机制探索

社区作为来沪青少年工作的主要阵地之一,承担了大量相关管理服务工作,伴随着来沪青少年数量的快速增长,出现了诸多新的困难和挑战。高校志愿者的有序参与,能够缓解社区人员有限、资源匮乏等各类困难,促进社区来沪青少年工作的有效提升。对高校志愿者参与社区来沪青少年工作机制的实证研究和理论分析。可以更好地为管理和服务社区来沪青少年提供合理化建议,对实现社区来沪青少年的有效引导具有积极作用。     

大工程文化育工程人的实践探索

大工程文化是河北工程大学基于新时代工程教育实践和学校发展实际,凝练升华而成的大学文化系统,其“十一大”脉系,在学校育人实践中发挥了重要作用,为落实立德树人根本任务提供了精神动力。     

The challenge of pension reform in Georgia: Non‐contributory pensions and elderly poverty

Georgia's national social security system offers almost universal non‐contributory basic pension coverage. The basic pension has, to date, proved effective in dealing with old‐age poverty. But Georgia's fiscal constraints and ageing population also highlight the importance of improving the pension system, in order to ensure its sustainability. This article presents policy reform choices, which suggest that, in Georgia, pension reform might include increasing the statutory retirement ages and reducing the generosity of benefits through means testing. The case of the Georgian non‐contributory basic pension might hold value for some low‐ and middle‐income countries that are considering the implementation of, or expanding coverage under, a non‐contributory pension programme.