2013年美国总统奥巴马国情咨文态度意义研究

文章旨在分析美国总统贝拉克·奥巴马于2013年发表的国情咨文中的态度意义,并且探究在评价系统理论框架下此国情咨文中态度三大次系统（情感、判断、鉴赏）所表现的特点。文章采取定量分析与定性分析相结合的研究方法,指出判断次系统的应用在态度三大次系统中占据主导地位,积极态度的使用远远超过消极态度的使用。研究表明,奥巴马总统在2013年国情咨文演讲中倾向于积极地评价为建造一个更加强大的美国所采取的行动。通过这一研究,以期对深刻理解2013年奥巴马国情咨文起到一定的作用。     

从“合作联邦制”到“新联邦主义”

从罗斯福“新政”开始,美国国内政治形态是“合作联邦制”。但是,到了20世纪60年代,“合作联邦制”出现了严重弊端。1969年上任的尼克松总统针对这些弊端着手“还权于州”、“还政于民”和“改革福利990尼克松政府的这些新举措就是所谓的“新联邦主义”。“新联邦主义”对美国社会的政治、经济、文化等方面都产生了重要影响。     

Learning from Our Mistakes: An Autopsy of an Unsuccessful University–Community Collaboration

A challenge facing social work education is how to enhance its connection to local communities. To this end, university and community collaborations have grown in popularity to address community needs and to augment student learning. The research literature indicates that there are many factors—from designs to guidelines—that drive successful collaborations. Building on the lessons from that research, this article provides a case study about a service-learning collaboration between a community organization and a masters-level social work course in the United States that was ultimately unsuccessful. Through stakeholder interviews and reflections, the authors provide several suggestions to improve future collaborations. These suggestions include the following. First, increase accountability for students and agency staff. Second, conduct an orientation session at the agency that includes necessary agency staff. Third, be mindful of cultural differences between organizations. Finally, restrict the number of service-learning options for students.     

Competing demands,competing solutions,differing constructions of the problem of recruitment and retention of frontline rural child protection staff

Abstract

This article reports on a study conducted in rural Victoria. It examines the problem of recruitment and retention of frontline staff in the Victorian Child Protection program. The article delineates those factors identified by managers and supervisors as influencing workers to enter, stay and leave the program. Managers and supervisors have collective responsibility for recruiting and retaining staff. It is for this reason that their viewpoints are considered crucial in responding to the problem. What this study found was that, while managers and supervisors recognise that the problem is complex, they differ in the emphasis placed on facets of the problem, thus their approaches to solving it. As solutions are contested the problem is exacerbated. The argument advanced is that any response should recognise the complexity of the problem and solutions be considered in a coordinated way.     

大学生就业中的法律问题及对策

由于高校连续多年的扩招,高校毕业生人数逐年增多,加上我国就业形势的严峻以及就业市场的不规范,导致了大学生在就业中的诸多法律问题,如就业歧视、招聘欺诈、就业协议或劳动合同签订中的不公平等。这些问题的背后又有着诸多深层次的原因。解剖这些原因,解决这些问题,关系到社会的和谐、高等教育的持续健康发展。当然,这需要政府、社会、高校及大学生的共同努力。     

“90后”大学生经典阅读状况及对策

对"90后"大学生经典名著的阅读情况调查发现,"90后"大学生认可人文经典类图书的重要性,对本国优秀文学作品的情况也有一定的了解;但普遍存在阅读时间少、阅读主动性低、阅读内容偏好休闲、阅读方式追求简便廉价、对于经典名著尤其是海外书籍的阅读浅尝辄止等情况。基于此,应该从社会风气、图书资源、读书交流三方面入手,为大学生提供更多的阅读指导,提供更丰富、更便利的阅读资源,改进"90后"大学生的阅读现状。     

上海大学生阅读状况及影响因素调查

对于大学生来说,阅读不仅是一种学习方式,更应是一种生活状态,是大学生学习之必需。通过对大学生阅读现状和影响因素的调查发现,大学生具有良好的阅读心理,但同时也存在阅读对象偏向性明显、阅读安排欠佳、阅读环境较差等方面的问题。因此,今后要培养大学生良好的阅读心理,为改善阅读状况提供内动力;建设良好的校园阅读环境,为推动阅读新进展创造条件;统一阅读心理和阅读环境,形成推动大学生阅读新进展的合力。     

The Teacher's Corner: An Interactive Computer Quizzing System to Support the Proctorial System of Instruction

Although the importance of statistics in many phases of university activities is well-known, many universities have not given serious thought to the optimum organizational structure for statistics. This article addresses this problem in two parts: 1. Principles and/or goals of optimum administrative structures for statistics, and 2. Discussion of the most popular organizational structures now in existence together with comments on the advantages and disadvantages of each. The article concludes that a central statistics unit (department) appears the most optimal structure, although it is not without certain disadvantages and/or dangers.     

Harrison–Stevens Forecasting and the Multiprocess Dynamic Linear Model

This is an expository article. The Harrison–Stevens forecasting algorithm using the multiprocess dynamic linear model is a robust method for forecasting in a nonstationary time series. The purpose of this article is to help statisticians become familiar with the method.     

Informal care and support for carers in Sweden: patterns of service receipt among informal caregivers and care recipients

This study describes and analyses the kinds of support received by different categories of informal carers, and the kinds of help that care recipients receive in addition to that provided by various categories of carers. Data were collected in a Swedish county in 2000, by means of telephone interviews. The net sample consisted of 2,697 individuals 18–84 years old, and the response rate was 61%. The results showed that relatively few carers in any care category received any kind of support aimed directly at them as carers. The most widespread form of support received by providers of personal care was relief services. Those most likely to be receiving care from the public care system were people also receiving personal care from an informal caregiver. Nevertheless, the majority of those receiving personal care from an informal carer did not receive any help from the public care system or from voluntary organizations or for-profit agencies. These results indicate that social policy and social work need to clarify the aims of the services they provide. They also need to take the needs of both caregivers and recipients into account when discussing support systems.