NGOs, Global Governance and the UN: NGOs as “Guardians of the Reform of the International System”

The role of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in the United Nations (UN), as well as in world politics in general, is increasingly gaining the attention of scholars of international law, political science and social anthropology. Using extensive earlier research on NGO-UN relations and on the concept of global governance, it is concluded that although NGOs are becoming increasingly influential actors on the international arena, several problems impede their influence from growing within the UN. Once the inefficiencies of NGOs participation in United Nations’ bodies and institutions have been described, we propose some modalities of reform of this Organization, with the purpose of improving the involvement of world civil society in UN decision-making processes, and increasing its democratic profile. Finally, the study suggests several areas that require future research and more in-depth study in order to make predictions about how NGO-UN relations will evolve in the coming decades.

党政关系的历史变迁与国家治理逻辑的变革

在中国的党政关系中,作为执政党的中国共产党处于当然的领导地位,政府接受执政党的领导,成为党在公共事务领域的决策执行者,政府的核心价值、体制构成、组织方式和运行机制也取决于执政党的制度性安排。新中国成立以来,党政关系经历了一个从合一型向嵌入型转变的漫长的历史变迁。这一变迁过程投射到国家治理层面,内在地决定了中国作为单一制国家特有的两位一体治理方式的变革逻辑,渐进演绎出中国半个多世纪以来国家建设和国家成长的内在轨迹,为中国的发展奇迹提供了强有力的政治保障和合理性支持。     

全球公民社会的作用及其变革

全球化引发的全球治理真空,需要全球公民社会发挥作用。而全球化密切交往中全球意识的扩展和社会资本的兴起,也为全球公民社会的产生提供了条件。全球公民社会在参与全球治理、扶持弱势群体、抑制全球强权、弥补“民主赤字”等方面扮演着积极的角色。由于力量的相对弱小和参与机制的不健全,全球公民社会的作用还受到局限。全球公民社会需要解决好自身的独立性、合法性、平衡性等一些重大问题,以谋求更大的发展。     

现代传媒与公共治理:以杭州为个案的研究

在公共治理领域,现代传媒发挥着独特的作用,其规范性特征在于民主责任承担与民生事业关注两个层面.杭州民主民生的传媒行动,以现代传媒的实体化功能创新,建构传媒的场域效应、社会交往效应与治理效应.公共治理的现代传媒功能建构,关键在于建构合作治理的社会行动网络;其路径在于:导引社会行动,吸纳公众参与,促成制度规则体系的互动衔接.     

A note on the non-negativity of continuous-time ARMA and GARCH processes

A general approach for modeling the volatility process in continuous-time is based on the convolution of a kernel with a non-decreasing Lévy process, which is non-negative if the kernel is non-negative. Within the framework of Continuous-time Auto-Regressive Moving-Average (CARMA) processes, we derive a necessary condition for the kernel to be non-negative, and propose a numerical method for checking the non-negativity of a kernel function. These results can be lifted to solving a similar problem with another approach to modeling volatility via the COntinuous-time Generalized Auto-Regressive Conditional Heteroscedastic (COGARCH) processes.     

Self,Career and Nationhood: The contrasting aspirations of British and French elite graduates

There is increasing interest in the emergence of a ‘global middle class’ in which high achieving young graduates increasingly look to develop careers that transcend national boundaries. This paper explores this issue through comparing and contrasting the aspirations and orientations of two ‘elite’ cohorts of graduates. Interviews with students at the University of Oxford, England, and Sciences‐Po, France, reveal very different ambitions and allegiances. Our Oxford respondents portray their futures as projects of self‐fulfilment as they build portfolio careers by moving from job to job and from country to country with limited social allegiances – epitomizing the nomadic worker of the transnational elite. Our Parisian respondents, on the other hand, display strong allegiances to the nation, state and civic duty. Their projects of the self involve reconciling their personal aspirations with strong allegiances to France. The paper concludes by discussing the significance of these differences. It argues that the enduring role of education in the formation of national identities should not be overlooked and that more detailed research is needed on the contextual specifity of transnationalism and the (re)production of elites.     

论机关管理的价值目标取向

作为与广义行政管理具有密切联系的机关管理,其价值取向必然与行政管理的价值取向具有一致性,与农业、工业、信息社会相对应,行政管理的价值取向经历了由稳定→效率→治理服务的转变,相应的机关管理的价值目标也应经历这三个阶段和境界。当前机关管理的价值目标取向是以以人为本为核心,以治理理念为框架的服务社会理念。     

Global Governance in the Making: Prospects for a New World Order in Tackling Economic Injustice

One of the proposed solutions to economic justice is the concept of global governance, a world order wherein nations, formerly self-seeking and sovereign, would unselfishly cooperate towards solving problems with worldwide repercussions. Is this a utopian ideal or is this an immediate reality? To what extent is this possible, much less achievable?     

On square ordinal contingency tables: a comparison of social class and income mobility for the same individuals

Summary.  Square contingency tables with matching ordinal rows and columns arise in particular as empirical transition matrices and the paper considers these in the context of social class and income mobility tables. Such tables relate the socio-economic position of parents to the socio-economic position of their child in adulthood. The level of association between parental and child socio-economic position is taken as a measure of mobility. Several approaches to analysis are described and illustrated by UK data in which interest focuses on comparisons of social class and income mobility tables that are derived from the same individuals. Account is taken of the use of the same individuals in the two tables. Additionally comparisons over time are considered.