Gift Giving, Identity, and Transformation: The AIDS Memorial Quilt

Those who have originated the AIDS Memorial Quilt have often referred to it as a gift. In this essay, the author discusses theories related to gift giving to discuss the quilt and its constructed effects for those who experience it as a gift. In particular, Weiner's notion of inalienable possessions is highlighted to address how the quilt, as a gift that is kept inalienable from its original creators, maintains historical identity and immortality for its originators, many of whom are gay and bisexual men. Also, Hyde's notion of erotic gifts is presented to consider the quilt's ability to draw people together, create feeling-bonds among them, and affect their transformation.     

历史文化遗址景区标志牌系统规划设计研究——以北京焦庄户地道战遗址纪念馆景区为例

本文通过阐述历史文化遗址景区标志牌系统的概念与研究进展，提出标志牌系统设计应当遵循规范化与系统化、人性化与中国本土化、与空间设计相结合及与环境协调、布局合理化与信息性和精心设计、制作与维护的5点重要原则，并在此基础上调研分析了北京焦庄户地道战遗址纪念馆旅游标志牌系统中各类标志牌存在的缺、乱、错的问题，进而设计了一套更高效的标志牌系统。     

Associations between stress at work and attitudes towards retirement in hospital physicians

Abstract

There is a need to understand the associations between attitudes towards retirement in specific occupations and various psychosocial and work-related factors. This study identified correlates of retirement thoughts and retirement preference in hospital physicians. The sample comprised 447 (251 male and 196 female) physicians from three hospital districts in Finland. After adjustment for gender, age and salary, minor psychiatric morbidity increased likelihood of retirement thoughts and retirement preference. Retirement thoughts and retirement preference were more common in doctors reporting low job control, poor teamwork and unjust supervision than in doctors perceiving their working conditions more favorably. Work preference was associated with high overwork. The associations of work characteristics with retirement thoughts and retirement preference largely persisted after control for indicators of health and social circumstances. In conclusion, in addition to demographic and financial factors and health, retirement attitudes in hospital physicians seem to be related to organizational and managerial factors that are potentially amendable to intervention. This has implications for retaining hospital physicians who might otherwise retire.     

康有为1888年上书的文化渊源

康有为1888年上书与他的早期大同思想有直接的联系。"内圣外王"是康有为的思想体系,其渊源来自朱熹理学。他依循朱熹的伦理哲学,"修养"分为内外两个方面:其内的心性修养,产生了救国献身的精神力量;其外的穷究义理,得到了"治国平天下"的公理,为今后的变法行动作好了理论准备。由"内圣"走向"外王",第一步就是《第一次上清皇帝书》。     

The behavior of the battered child: A behavioral deficiency syndrome resulting from developmental interferences and reactive learning

Behavioral observation of battered children reveals a generalized syndrome consisting of apathy, social isolation, emotional constriction, aggression, and intellectual, motor and language retardation. This syndrome is considered to be a ‘behavioral deficiency syndrome.’ Developmental interference imposed by abusive parents upon the child, and subsequent reactive learning by the child are discussed as etiological factors in the development of this syndrome. Implication of these etiological factors for therapy of the abusive family are also discussed.     

孔祥熙教育思想述略

近代以来,一些仁人志士选择了从教育入手来实现救国救民的人生抱负,提出了"教育救国"思想。孔祥熙受其影响,创办了铭贤学校,并在管理过程中形成了诸多有价值的教育思想,如中西融会贯通的办学思想;教授治校、学生自治的办学理念;全面发展的人才培养思想;服务乡村社会的实践精神等。这些对我们今天的学校教育仍具有一定借鉴意义。     

Citizen Support for Hospital Privatization: A Hierarchical Cross-National Analysis

The movement for a new public management (NPM) holds that citizens will put aside partisan and ideological differences to support more efficient service delivery. Focusing on hospital privatization, a multi-national sample is utilized to investigate this assertion. Generalized hierarchical linear modeling (GHLM) is employed as the method of statistical analysis. The findings with regard to privatizing hospitals reveal that citizens develop their policy position by reference to a combination of symbolic political variables, service demand, self-interest, information levels, and political efficacy. The results cast doubt on the assertion that partisan differences will be set aside as citizens consider privatization reforms.

角色理论视野下医院志愿者发展定位剖析

角色理论通过对角色行为改变和及其原因的研究,解释人类社会行为的改变。在角色理论分析的视野中,医院志愿者属于自致角色、规定性角色、表现性角色,从而决定了其规范性、无偿性、非功利性特征。在角色采择和角色扮演过程中,个人只有具备相应的认知能力和自知能力,并衍生成为合格的角色技能,持有正确的角色期待,方能顺利完成医院志愿者角色行为。为防止和纠正志愿者对于自身归属医方还是患方产生困惑、不了解志愿服务内容、对志愿服务产生负担思想、作出不称职行为等角色失调情况,可通过正确定位医院志愿者角色、清晰明确医院志愿者角色行为标准、合理安排志愿服务日程、及时疏导志愿者负面情绪、建立医院志愿者激励机制、提升志愿者自我价值认知等途径以完善医院志愿者角色塑造,充分发挥角色功效。     

支气管肺癌老年患者医院感染的易患因素分析

目的 对支气管肺癌老年患者医院感染进行临床分析,重点分析其易患因素.方法 对189例支气管肺癌老年患者进行医院感染临床分析,包括发生率、感染部位、感染病原菌,并对病程、住院时间、是否使用广谱抗生素、侵袭性操作、使用糖皮质激素等项目进行易感的单因素分析.结果 189例支气管肺癌老年患者发生医院感染42例,其中呼吸道感染发病率最高,细菌培养以G-杆菌和G+球菌最多见.病程长、化疗的次数多、住院时间久、广谱抗生素和糖皮质激素的使用以及侵袭性操作均增加了医院感染的机会.结论 针对支气管肺癌老年患者医院感染的易患因素,临床应采取积极措施,预防医院感染.     

A Profitability Evaluation of America's Best Hospitals, 2000–2008

Each year U.S. News and World Report evaluates more than 5,000 U.S. hospitals, of which approximately 3% are considered the best hospitals in America, and hospital profitability has emerged as a business objective for these hospitals. This study investigates the profitability performance of the best (highest quality) hospitals in the United States. A 9‐year longitudinal investigation of profitability for the best hospitals in the United States is conducted. The results offer evidence that the primary drivers of hospital profitability are the case mix index and daily bed capacity. In terms of hospital profitability, there appears to be a tradeoff between these two factors. Finally, caution must be used when ranking U.S. News and World Report Honor Roll hospitals, in terms of profitability and performance.