中国知识分子:短命还是长寿?--中国知识分子健康研究报告之一

本文考察了中国知识分子的平均预期寿命,挑战了广为流行的观点.本文首先解释"死亡人口平均年龄"与"平均预期寿命"指标的概念和差异;然后使用2004年在中科院18个研究所以及北京大学、清华大学共20个单位调查的死亡人口资料,检验"知识分子死亡平均年龄下降趋势"的可信性;并利用全国第四次和第五次人口普查的权威数据,计算受过本科以上教育人群的生命表和"平均预期寿命",得出中国知识分子预期寿命大大高于普通人群的结论,推翻了"中国知识分子预期寿命比全国平均寿命低17岁"这个流传广泛且被反复引用的错误结论.     

高龄老人受教育程度与健康长寿关系研究

受教育程度是影响高龄老人健康长寿众多因素的一种。本文利用 1998年中国高龄老人健康长寿调查数据 ,对受教育程度与健康长寿关系进行了实证分析。指出受教育程度对高龄老人的健康长寿有着广泛而深远的影响。     

Point‐of‐Use Hybrid Inventory Policy for Hospitals

Modern point‐of‐use technology at hospitals has enabled new replenishment policies for medical supplies. One of these new policies, which we call the hybrid policy, is currently in use at a large U.S. Midwest hospital. The hybrid policy combines a low‐cost periodic replenishment epoch with a high‐cost continuous replenishment option to avoid costly stockouts. We study this new hybrid policy under deterministic and stochastic demand. We develop a parameter search engine using simulation to optimize the long‐run average cost per unit time and, via a computational study, we provide insights on the benefits (reduction in cost, inventory, and number of replenishments) that hospitals may obtain by using the hybrid policy instead of the commonly used periodic policies. We also use the optimal hybrid policy parameters from the deterministic analysis to propose approximate expressions for the stochastic hybrid policy parameters that can be easily used by hospital management.      

未婚流动育龄妇女计划生育公共服务现状及需求调查——以江苏省为例

根据2010年江苏省人口计生委＂江苏省流动人口计划生育公共服务均等化课题研究＂的调查数据,对江苏省未婚流动育龄妇女计划生育公共服务现状及需求进行了研究,研究表明：未婚流动育龄妇女免费技术服务水平较低,表现在婚育证明办证率低;计划生育政策知晓率低;妇女生殖健康知识贫乏。     

Psychometric analysis of the UK Health and Safety Executive's Management Standards work-related stress Indicator Tool

Abstract

Numerous tools have been developed that attempt to measure work-related stress and working conditions, but few practical instruments in the literature have been found to have a reliable psychometric factor structure. In the UK, the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) Management Standards (MS) Indicator Tool is increasingly used by organizations to monitor working conditions that can lead to stress. In Health and Safety Executive (2004), a factor analysis was conducted demonstrating the reliability of the scales. However, the authors acknowledged that direct reassessment of the same factor structure was impossible as the questionnaire was split into two separate modules for data collection. Furthermore, the tool is designed to enable comparisons between as well as within organizations to take place, yet reliability has only previously been tested at the individual level. The current study is the first to examine the factor structure of the HSE MS Indicator Tool using organizational-level data. Data collected from 39 UK organizations (N=26,382) was used to perform a first-order Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) on the original 35-item seven-factor measurement scale. The results showed an acceptable fit to the data for the instrument. A second-order CFA was also performed to test if the Indicator Tool contains a higher order uni-dimensional measure of work-related stress. These findings also revealed an acceptable fit to the data, suggesting that it may be possible to derive a single measure of work-related stress. Normative data comprising tables of percentiles from the organizational data are provided to enable employers to compare their organizational averages against national benchmarks.     

An examination of the ISO 9001:2000 standard and its influence on the integration of management systems

Abstract

Analysis of the literature and examination of the various models of integration and testing in the field, have revealed five key issues relating to management system integration. This paper examines the recently published ISO 9001 : 2000 quality management system standard to see how it addresses these issues, under the headings of compatibility, scope and organizational culture. The examination reveals that while compatibility with the ISO 14001 and OHSAS 18001 standards has been improved in some areas, a different approach and model of a management system has been used. The paper suggests that differences in the scope of the standards are also likely to give rise to different sub-cultures which will hinder integration, and scope and culture are more important than compatibility. This leads the authors to conclude that new models of integration should be based on an approach and definitions which can be used in any management system, as well as an integrated one. Models of an integrated management system should also emphasize the need for no significant differences in the scope of the integrated systems, and a strong culture which supports the main requirements of TQM.     

也可以这样写“好文章”

好作文不是样板戏。如果我们能从自己的切身体验中选取素材,用独到而敏锐的眼光去捕捉到这些平凡人事中的时代特色,用真情实感抒发出来,仍不失为一篇优秀文章。     

老年健康照顾需求评估与个案管理——基于昆明市实证调查

随着社会经济的发展和医疗卫生条件的改善,高龄化及慢性病的快速增长,老年多元照顾的需求使“个案管理”成为中国社会工作急需解决的课题。本文在对昆明市独居、丧偶、空巢及高血压老人做健康照顾需求评估的基础上,就“个案管理”的制度建设及运作,提出“政府主导、NGO（NPO）资源整合、强化老人（家庭、社区）支援”的建议。     

贫困大学生心理健康与应对方式、社会支持和个性特征调查

应用症状自评量表等4个国际通用心理问卷对高校贫困大学生进行的心理健康状况调查发现,36．5％的贫困大学生存在心理问题甚或心理障碍,其中：个性内向者在强迫症、人际关系、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖5个因子分上高于个性外向者;农村贫困大学生社会支持总分和客观支持分高于城市贫困大学生;心理健康者比存在心理健康问题者自觉有更多的主观支持及支持利用,且应对方式积极主动。建议加强对贫困大学生的自立教育,着力塑造他们的良好个性,帮助他们树立进取的社会心态。     

城市社区老人心理健康服务现状调查——来自重庆市主城社区的调查数据

以重庆市主城社区老人为调查对象,从老人的基本情况、心理健康状况、心理健康服务需求、心理服务支持系统等方面的调查数据进行详细分析,得出了家庭、邻里同辈群体是老人心理健康的重要支持系统、需要建立完善的城市社区老人心理健康服务体系等结论。