农民工健康状况影响因素分析

农民工的健康状况对其个人生活、就业状况和整个中国的经济增长都有重要意义。本文利用2008年6—7月对江苏和浙江农民工的调查数据,采用自评健康水平来测度农民工的健康状况,并对影响农民工健康状况的因素进行了深入分析。结果显示：男性的自评健康水平好于女性,初中、高中组的健康状况好于大专及以上组,家庭负担系数越大、日工作时间越长的农民工健康状况越差,一线工人的健康状况比技术人员要差,不同城市的农民工健康状况存在差异。     

大学生压力应对方式问卷的初步编制

 本研究编制了一个适合中国大学生的应对方式问卷。研究结果如下：对自编的“大学生应对方式问卷”进行因素分析得到的大学生应对挫折和烦恼的主要方式是抱怨、转移、求助、问题解决、退缩、忍耐、逃避、幻想、压抑。该问卷具有较好的信度和效度。     

包头师范学院贫困大学生心理健康与心理防御机制的相关研究

贫困大学生的心理健康问题已经受到越来越多人的关注。经检测包头师范学院贫困大学生心理健康水平显著低于非贫困大学生,贫困大学生和非贫困大学生都较多使用成熟的防御机制和中间型防御机制,较少使用不成熟的防御机制;不成熟的防御机制与焦虑、人际敏感、强迫症状、躯体化呈正相关。为了提高贫困大学生的心理健康水平,应加大对他们的心理教育。     

Family Structure and Self-Rated Health in Adolescence and Young Adulthood

While the relationship between family structure and child well-being is well-established, little is known about the specific impact of family structure on health in adolescence and young adulthood. Using data on 12,737 respondents from Waves I and III of Add Health, we examine the association between family structure (two biological/adoptive, stepfather, and single mother families at Wave I) and self-rated health in adolescence (Wave I) and young adulthood (Wave III). We build on previous literature by investigating whether the relationship between family structure and self-rated health is mediated by demographic background, socioeconomic status, parent–child relationships, external social support, and health characteristics and behaviors, and whether the influence of these factors endures into adulthood. Overall, we find that self-rated health is reduced for respondents who lived in stepfather or single mother families during adolescence, although this effect is attenuated in young adulthood. Family structure effects at both waves are explained by socioeconomic status, social support and competence, and health characteristics and behaviors. We find little evidence that demographic background or mother–child relationships mediate the relationship between family structure and self-rated health. By young adulthood, effects of most adolescent predictors are attenuated, but health assessments are largely influenced by changes in health characteristics and behaviors, and in family type.

Binge drinking and labor market success: a longitudinal study on young people

This paper presents a two-equation model of joint outcomes on an individual's decision to binge-drink and on his/her annual labor market earnings. The primary data source is the 1979 cohort of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, 1979–1994. We show that binge-drinking behavior is quite alcohol-price responsive and is a rational addiction. A new result is that an individual's decision to binge-drink has a statistically significant negative effect on his/her earnings. Furthermore, we conducted simulations of the short-run and long-run impacts of increasing the alcohol price. They showed that that the tendency for an individual to binge-drink heavily is reduced significantly, and the reduction is greater in the long- than short-run simulation. Also, an individual's annual earnings were increased. However, in the structural model, an individual's earnings have no significant effect on his/her tendency to engage in binge drinking. Our results contradict earlier findings from cross-sectional evidence that showed increased alcohol consumption raised an individual's earnings or wages.

An exploration of attitudes toward female genital cutting in Nigeria

Female genital cutting (FGC) continues to be widespread particularly in sub-Saharan African countries. We use data from the 1999 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey to consider factors that influence attitudes toward this procedure held by Nigerian women aged 15–49. We test four models: model 1 explores whether attitudes are consistent with a view of FGC as a social convention associated with marriageability of women. Model 2 examines the impact of modernization factors such as education and urbanization. In model 3, the influence of media and community activities are considered. Model 4 includes all of the factors in the three previous models. We find strong support for considering FGC a social convention. Modernization has minimal impact on attitudes about FGC mainly through its influence on the social convention.

环境与健康

环境的污染和退化必然会影响人类的健康 ,由环境污染造成的食品污染和人为造成的食品污染以及水污染严重损害人体健康。为了增进健康 ,必须保护环境 ,建立可持续生活模式。     

孕产妇死亡健康公平性分析

文章利用2000～2005年全国卫生统计年报中孕产妇死亡情况有关资料,计算了以孕产妇死亡率为基础的一系列健康公平性指标,分析了2000～2005年间我国孕产妇死亡的健康公平性。研究结果从人群归因危险度百分比、集中指数、集中曲线等指标反映出在我国孕产妇死亡存在分布的不均衡。2000～2005年我国孕产妇死亡在地区间及省际的差距没有明显变化,即不公平现象6年间没有得到改善。     

流动人口主观幸福感现状考察

为了考察厦门市流动人口的主观幸福感现状,采用分层抽样方法,选取厦门市120名流动人口进行了问卷调查,结果显示,68.1%的流动人口有较高的主观幸福感;不同性别、年龄和工作种类的流动人口主观幸福感整体差异不显著,文化程度为初中以下和初中的流动人口之间主观幸福感差异显著;流动人口存在一定的心理健康问题.