说教与游戏之间：思想政治工作的路径选择

面对高校学子维护自身权利而引发的纠纷时。领导、辅导员各自采取不同方式来化解矛盾的功效不一。究其原因,传统思想政治教育的“说教”方式已不符合高校现代管理的宗旨,相反以“游戏”手段来解纷则是一种崭新尝试。从能动性、权力、媒介和心理学等层面比较“说教”与“游戏”,可以发现后者比前者更具优势。这一创新方法,也许不具有普遍意义,但并非不具有可借鉴性和可操作性,而为高校教育管理提供启迪性思维。     

Measuring people's trust

Summary. We measure trust and trustworthiness in British society with a newly designed experiment using real monetary rewards and a sample of the British population. The study also asks the typical survey question that aims to measure trust, showing that it does not predict 'trust' as measured in the experiment. Overall, about 40% of people were willing to trust a stranger in our experiment, and their trust was rewarded half of the time. Analysis of variation in the trust behaviour in our survey suggests that trusting is more likely if people are older, their financial situation is either 'comfortable' or 'difficult' compared with 'doing alright' or 'just getting by', they are a homeowner or they are divorced, separated or never married compared with those who are married or cohabiting. Trustworthiness also is more likely among subjects who are divorced or separated relative to those who are married or cohabiting, and less likely among subjects who perceive their financial situation as 'just getting by' or 'difficult'. We also analyse the effect of attitudes towards risks on trust.     

互利共赢的博弈论分析

十七大报告指出要“始终不渝奉行互利共赢的开放战略”,博弈论是研究互利共赢问题的有力工具。国际关系中囚徒困境博弈的大量存在提出了互利共赢的必要性;无限重复囚徒困境博弈中合作均衡的实现表明互利共赢是可能的;在现实中合作的实现表明互利共赢是可行的;全球化为互利共赢的实现提供了现实基础;“一报还一报”是实现互利共赢的基本策略。     

民国时期特种教育在凉山彝区的组织与活动

民国时期,部分彝族子弟求生存和谋发展的愿望被国民党军统组织所利用,他们以招收成都军校学生为幌子,在“乐西公路”筑训班采取貌似自愿报名的公开方式,通过精挑细选和隐瞒真实信息等手段,将不明真相的彝族学员带到重庆,送入国民党中央警官学校特种警察训练班,企图培养具有跨文化能力的地方军政协助人。但受特定时间、空间、文化的影响,军统机构在彝区的组织、活动基本尚未成熟即夭折。梳理和呈现这一史事,能让读者从一个特殊视角了解民国时期所谓“独立倮倮”与汉区,乃至与中国以外的世界之间实际存在千丝万缕,或直接或间接的复杂联系;看到在对于制度的顺从与抗争和身份的认同等方面,彝人个体实际仍有主观能动的余地。由此,提示读者理解中国内地边疆“中间圈”的彝区在现代化进程中之曲折经历,包括当事人的博弈策略及后果。     

户籍制度利益分配功能的形成及改革思路探讨

中国特殊的社会经济政策导致户籍制度异化为社会利益分配机制。随着社会经济政策的转变,户籍制度的利益分配功能在改革开放前后具有不同的特点。户籍制度改革必须以社会经济政策的整体调整为先导,以转换政府职能为切入点。而社会经济政策的调整必须考虑社会利益集团的利益刚性和利益博弈,走一条渐进改革的路径。     

博弈逻辑的发展轨迹探析

博弈逻辑是博弈论和逻辑学相交叉的一个崭新领域,研究理性的主体互动行动中的推理过程,即研究博弈中的推理问题。目前对博弈逻辑的研究仅限于起步阶段,因而存在很多有待深入去探讨和解决的问题。对这些问题的考虑和分析必将引出博弈逻辑理论研究的许多有价值的课题,拓宽博弈逻辑的研究领域。     

海峡两岸休闲农业合作相关主体行为的博弈分析

随着海峡两岸休闲农业合作的逐步发展,各相关主体之间的博弈也逐渐显现。在此过程中,涉及的主要行为主体有地方政府、农户以及台商企业。文章从各主体的利益行为分析出发,构建并分析政府与台商企业、台商企业与农户之间的动态博弈。分析表明：在博弈的过程中,政府处于主动和有利的地位,但其存在不规范行为;台商企业基于趋利的本性,在与政府之间的博弈会展开“寻租”行为,在与农户之间的博弈以牺牲农户的利益来实现其收益最大化;农户与台商企业的博弈相对处于弱势地位,加之其有限理性和知识能力有限,自身利益难以得到保障;为实现各主体利益最大化的可持续发展,应建立健全相关法律法规;完善政府的服务职能;构建合理的利益分配形式。     

Knowledge and opinions of families regarding games—Toy selection for 6 to 12 year old children (the case of Northern Cyprus)

Games and toys are irreplaceable basic needs of children of almost every age. They are also some of the most significant traces of culture. Some of our games and toys lost their original functions, and it is not remembered why they were functionally significant in Turkish Cypriot culture. Families and cultural identity also play a major role regarding different factors leading to changes in toy selection. The purpose of this study is to explore the knowledge and opinions of families regarding games and, in particular, toy selection for 6–12 year old children of Turkish Cypriot families. A survey was administered to 100 households in North Cyprus, and was used as a data collection tool. It was found that the most important factors in the selection of children’s games and toys were (1) the economic opportunities, and (2) children’s desires for toys after seeing them with their friends. A considerable number of families in Northern Cyprus see game-toy selection as important in a child’s social, psychomotor, mental, and cultural construction. Families, especially those living with difficulties, indicated that they cannot afford enough time to encourage playing traditional games. Although new versions of traditional games and toys are being developed and used, it is seen that educated and high-income families are more conscious about the importance of having information about them than others.     

Sociolinguistic interaction and identity construction: The view from game‐theoretic pragmatics

Understanding the dynamics that characterize interaction between conversational participants is a fundamental goal of most theories of socially conditioned language use and identity construction through language. In this paper, I outline a class of formal tools that, I suggest, can be helpful in making progress towards this goal. More precisely, this paper explores how Bayesian signalling game models can be used to formalize key aspects of current sociolinguistic theories, and, in doing so, contribute to our knowledge of how speakers use their linguistic resources to communicate information and carve out their place in the social world. The Bayesian framework has become increasingly popular for the analysis of pragmatic phenomena of many different types, and, more generally, these models have become a dominant paradigm for the explanation of non‐linguistic cognitive processes. As such, I argue that this approach has the potential to yield a formalized theory of personal and social identity construction and to situate the study of sociolinguistic interaction within a broader theory of rationalistic cognition.     

移动应用安全监管中的合谋博弈分析与建议

移动应用安全状况日益凸显,亟需采取相应的监管策略.基于完全信息三方静态博弈模型,探讨移动应用安全监管中政府、移动应用商店以及移动应用开发商三者之间的博弈决策问题.政府通过对应用商店的监管发现存在应用商店与开发商合谋的情况.对于减少应用商店与开发商合谋,政府可给予应用商店未来的合作机会等间接激励,其作用优于现金支持的直接激励.而有效控制监管成本,增加应用商店和开发商合谋所产生的损失,是减少应用商店与开发商合谋概率的有效途径.从博弈角度出发,提出了政府从移动应用传播渠道入手的安全监管策略,即政府在何种条件下能更好发挥通过应用商店间接监管的作用.