考虑延时效应的供应链动态合作广告策略研究

广告的延时效应是供应链广告过程中的普遍现象,对供应链合作广告策略的制定具有重要影响.文章研究当产品品牌信誉受广告延时效应影响时供应链的合作广告策略问题,建立了含有时间延迟的品牌信誉动态模型和考虑品牌信誉的产品销售量模型.运用极大值原理,得到了制造商和零售商在分散式决策和集中式决策下的最优广告投入、品牌信誉和利润,以及分散式决策下制造商的最优合作广告参与率.研究发现:在集中式决策下制造商和零售商的最优广告投入和产品销售量均高于分散式决策下的相应值;延迟时间存在一个阈值,当延迟时间低于该阈值时,集中式决策下的供应链利润较高,反之则分散式决策下的供应链利润较高.研究结果为供应链合作广告策略的制定及供应链决策机制的选择提供了一定的参考.最后,通过数值算例分析了广告延迟时间对供应链最优广告策略及决策机制的影响.     

基于演化博弈的区域高耗能产业退出机制研究

高耗能产业的退出是通过产业结构调整提高区域经济系统能效的基本途径,高耗能产业的退出是一个基于地方政府与相关企业间的演化博弈过程。本文运用演化博弈的基本原理,构建了区域高耗能产业退出机制,着重分析了影响各方博弈主体策略选择的因素,构建了不同策略下参与主体双方的支付函数,并建立相应的复制动态方程,寻求演化稳定策略。     

欺压与风险分担:B2B电子交易市场环境下均衡策略分析

B2B电子交易市场为生产商和零售商提供了新的销售和采购渠道,从而改变了传统供应链结构.在考虑了随机需求和随机电子市场交易价格的基础上,文章研究了在B2B电子交易市场环境下单一生产商和单一零售商组成供应链的最优策略.在销售期之前,生产商首先决定批发价格和生产数量;作为跟随者,零售商决定零售价格和订购数量.在销售期,生产商和零售商可以在B2B电子交易市场中交易.研究结果表明,对于零售商,B2B电子交易市场可以作为投机市场或者第二采购渠道,而生产商在定价策略中通过欺压目的或者风险分担目的来进行风险管理.     

基于DEA的两阶段系统中间产品公平设定研究

在由两个子决策单元串联组成的两阶段系统中,公平设定中间产品目标对确保和激励两阶段相互合作以达到整个系统的最佳性能至关重要.数据包络分析(DEA)作为系统绩效评估的一种非参数方法吸引了众多学者的注意;基于此方法,本文提出一个考虑公平关切的两阶段DEA模型用于设定两阶段系统中间产品目标,并证明据此模型获得的设定方案正是一个纳什讨价还价博弈的均衡解.     

基于社会福利的专利研发投资策略评价

专利技术的研发投资策略不仅影响企业价值还会影响消费者剩余,两种影响通常会呈现出两种不同的效应,从而导致专利研发投资决策对社会福利的不同影响.针对旨在通过研发专利技术从而垄断新兴市场的两非对称企业,结合投资时机选择期权博弈模型和消费者剩余模型得到非合作博弈(即专利竞赛)和合作博弈两种模式下的总投资净现值和消费者剩余,分析社会福利与影响其变化的诸多因素间的动态变化特征并提出相应的创新政策建议.结果表明,若以社会福利最大化为目标,则两企业的研发能力差异越小、专利技术的成长性越好、无风险利率越小、专利产品质量越低时,社会计划者的政策越应有利于合作研发模式;反之,政策越应鼓励竞争.而专利研发投资成本及初始价值会对两种模式下的社会福利差异的影响表现出"非线性"特征,政策的倾向性不确定.     

Finding nucleolus of flow game

We study the algorithmic issues of finding the nucleolus of a flow game. The flow game is a cooperative game defined on a network D=(V,E;ω). The player set is E and the value of a coalition S⊆E is defined as the value of a maximum flow from source to sink in the subnetwork induced by S. We show that the nucleolus of the flow game defined on a simple network (ω(e)=1 for each e∈E) can be computed in polynomial time by a linear program duality approach, settling a twenty-three years old conjecture by Kalai and Zemel. In contrast, we prove that both the computation and the recognition of the nucleolus are -hard for flow games with general capacity. Supported by NCET, NSFC (10771200), a CERG grant (CityU 1136/04E) of Hong Kong RGC, an SRG grant (7001838) of City University of Hong Kong.     

基于选拔机制的国企经营者行为的博弈分析

本文从国有企业现有的选拔机制和激励机制出发,探讨了国企经营者在利润报告上的行为选择问题。博弈分析发现选拔机制将导致激励机制难以发挥作用,即使将经营者收入与报告利润挂钩也难以阻止经营者的作假行为。存在着经营者为自身地位而低报利润的可能,且当社会普遍认为国有企业效益不佳时,其造假的可能性也更大。     

Workers’ participation in wage setting: A gift-exchange experiment

This study analyzes the consequences of workers’ participation in the wage setting process on effort exertion. The experimental design is based on a modified gift-exchange game with firms specifying contract alternatives and workers deciding about the finally implemented alternative. The experimental data reveals that workers with participation rights are more sensitive to differences in wage offers: Low wage offers trigger negative reciprocity which dominates the positive incentive effects from high wage offers. On average, participation in the wage setting process leads to a decline in effort exertion.     

The Moral Effects of Economic Teaching

Over the past 2 decades, dozens of studies have explored the relationship between exposure to economics and antisocial behavior. With a few exceptions, these studies find the economists and economics students are more likely to exhibit a range of “debased” moral behavior and attitudes, both in the controlled environment of the laboratory and in the outside world. This article presents a review of these studies. It draws on the various studies to address the question of whether the found differences are due to a selection effect—that is, those with antisocial tendencies tend to study economics—or an indoctrination effect whereby exposure to economic theory causes antisocial behavior. The article suggests there is evidence that both effects play a role in explaining the debased behavior of economists and students of economics.