从投资风险角度分析我国高等教育投资问题及对策

我国高等教育正处于全面改革和发展阶段,在此过程中出现了需求的扩大与资金短缺的矛盾,这成为高等教育进一步发展的制约因素。文章对这一矛盾进行了分析,并从教育投资风险的角度探讨了原因,最后提出一些针对性的措施。     

Can a Munro-Inspired Approach Transform the Lives of Looked after Children in England?

This discussion paper will examine the lessons from the Munro Review relevant for looked after children. Although the Munro Review focuses on child protection, we will argue that some of its key principles have relevance for understanding looked after childhoods. The Munro Review provides an analysis of the current state of the child protection system, challenging bureaucratised practice and arguing for a reclaiming of professional social work identity, knowledge and understanding. There are three key principles of the Munro Review that this paper will focus upon. The first two are the recognition that risk cannot be eradicated and the bureaucratisation of practice is an inadequate response to the demand for public accountability. The third principle is that ethical integrity lies at the heart of services for children in public care. The key message of this paper is that a Munro approach can transform looked after childhoods. However, the current ‘child protection’ model of social work in England may prevent this shift in social work practice.     

Social Work Field Educators' Views on Student Specific Learning Needs

Each year a significant proportion of students withdraw from placement in time to avoid penalty, while others fail. This article reports on a small field education research project that identified common learning issues for first placement students. Eighteen experienced supervising field educators (FEs), participated in semi structured focus groups, and identified repeat areas of difficulty in student learning that they had managed as supervisors. They also identified strategies that had been efficacious in supporting student learning. The research undertaken in 2010–2011 identified three specific themes relating to difficulties in student learning: specific student characteristics that required additional support; the university/FE partnership; student proficiency in using supervision. The findings suggest that a students' right to privacy must be considered in the provision of educational support, and that support is most effective when there is a strong partnership between the FE and university. In addition, further development of field education pedagogy may be needed to embed theory and skills related to the use of supervision and reflective learning.     

Preparing social workers as reporters of suspected child maltreatment

Social workers are an important source of reports to child protective services in the United States (US). However, it is unclear what role social work education plays in preparing social workers for this responsibility. The current study explores how undergraduate and graduate social work programs in the US prepare students as reporters. This study found that while almost all programs that participated in this study provide students with some content related to their role as reporters of child maltreatment, there are varying ways such content is provided, and many avenues for improvement. International implications are highlighted.     

省际高等教育均衡发展的问题与对策——基于公共财政投入视角

中国高等教育在取得了长足发展的同时,省际间高等教育的发展也存在明显不均衡。其直接原因是各级政府对高等教育的公共财政投入差异。从1999年至2012年,河南普通高校财政性经费投入虽逐年增长,但与先进省份相比,存在较大差距;同期,河南省高等教育财政性教育经费占GDP的比例增速落后于其他国家;河南省普通高校的生均预算内教育经费与各省份最高值的差距,有逐渐拉大的趋势;河南省普通高校预算内教育经费占地方财政支出的比重虽多数年份高于全国均值,但与先进省份相比,仍存在较大差距;河南省普通高等学校预算内教育经费占总预算内教育经费的比重多数年份低于全国均值。因此,从高等教育均衡发展的目标出发,国家要对高校进行合理布局,各级政府要增加对高校经费的投入,建立经济增长与高等教育共同发展的联动机制,建立多渠道高等教育经费筹措机制,加强监管避免无效的资金投入。     

大学之道在文化殖民?

我们的大学教育和大学生活正在经历着深刻的文化殖民化过程。大学这种精英层面文化的殖民化 ,对包括大众文化在内的整个民族文化体系都有着十分深刻的侵蚀作用。大学教育的殖民化有其复杂的社会心理根源 ,泛滥的殖民心态和知识分子对文化增势的寻求是其中的重要原因。大学教育的去殖民化和社会文化去殖民化是相辅相成的同一过程的两个方面 ,“本土生长”是其根本的出路     

试论高等学校的创业教育

创业教育是一种新的素质教育理念 ,在高校开展创业教育不仅是知识经济时代对高等教育发展的必然要求 ,而且也有助于推进高等教育的改革和解决社会就业问题。高等学校的创业教育应从转变教育观念、创新人才培养模式、强化实践环节及营造校园文化氛围等方面入手 ,才能达到预期的效果     

Self-care among school-aged children of immigrants

The present study uses data from the National Household Education Surveys Program to examine the unsupervised time (“self-care”) experienced by children in immigrant families. We argue that traditional models of self-care are insufficient for understanding self-care among immigrant families and should be expanded to capture the unique characteristics of this population. Considering the high rates of poverty, limited English proficiency, and unique cultural norms of immigrant parents, children of immigrants may be especially at-risk for self-care. Interestingly, results demonstrate that immigrant parents are not more likely to leave their children unsupervised than native-born parents, however the context surrounding self-care appears to differ, as immigrant children are more likely to be caring for a sibling during self-care. Additionally, we find that within immigrant families, boys and children of parents who speak a non-English language at home are more likely to be in self-care. These findings underscore the importance of examining parental nativity status in research on child care arrangements, as patterns and contextual factors associated with self-care may depend on the immigrant status of the parent.     

注重家庭环境因素 培养健康的儿童心理

儿童期是培养健康心理的关键时期.各种习惯和行为模式都是在这个时期奠定基础的,作为父母应十分重视用正常的心理原则来教育儿童.本文从家庭环境的角度阐明了在培养健康的儿童心理的过程中家庭的重要作用,同时提出了正确的教育方法.     

女性伦理学的哲学意义

以关怀伦理为代表的女性伦理学,挑战着西方以正义伦理为代表的主流伦理学并对哲学乃至其他学科带来极大影响。但是,在西方学术背景与社会背景下,女性伦理学在享用西方后现代哲学理论成果的同时,也承负着哲学困境所带来的理论和实践上的难题。从中西哲学比较的视角来看女性伦理学,一方面中国文化或许能为西方女性伦理学的发展提供更为合理的理论与实践基础;一方面也为当今世界哲学观念的转变、哲学方向的发展提供富有启发意义的思考。