新型农村合作医疗制度建设绩效评价

文章以分析新农合建设模式与目标为基点,利用2009年中部四省12个县的调查数据,从农民的“主观感受”和制度实施的“客观效果”两个层面,对新农合建设绩效进行了分析和评价。研究发现,新农合的福利性得到了大多数农民的认同,但补偿率较低,农民满意率也较低;新农合的福利效应比较明显,但保障能力有待提高;新农合存在的主要问题,不是宏观制度设计而是微观运行机制的问题。提升新农合建设绩效,应合理调整起付线、封顶线和补偿比例以提高农民的受益率;加强监督管理,重点防止医疗供方道德风险;加大财政投入,在精算的基础上扩大筹资规模,重在基层医疗机构基础设施建设和人才培养等。     

孤残儿童家庭寄养工作现状与专业社工介入模式探析——对山西某福利院的调查分析

家庭寄养模式是近年来广泛推广的一种儿童福利服务模式。本文通过对山西某福利院的问卷调查与走访,了解到目前孤残儿童家庭寄养工作开展的大致情况,在此基础上分析了现存的一些问题,并试图探索一套可行的社工介入模式。     

“政府—社会—市场”合作下的发展型孤残儿童社会工作服务体系探究

本文以"机构照料儿童社会适应"服务项目的实践经验为基础,立足儿童需求为本和儿童发展权保障为本的福利理念,对构建"政府-社会-市场"合作下的孤残儿童社会工作服务体系提出了反思和建议。     

Plagiarism: A Shared Responsibility of All,Current Situation,and Future Actions in Yemen

As combating plagiarism is a shared responsibility of all, this article focuses on presenting the current situation of higher education in Yemen. The critical review of four implementable policy documents and interviews revealed the absence of research ethics code, research misconduct policy, and institutional policies in the country. This led to the presence of several acts of research dishonesty. The article concludes with an initiative for necessary future actions in the nation.     

Obamacare and the Politics of Universal Health Insurance Coverage in the United States

In the USA, universal coverage has long been a key objective of liberal reformers. Yet, despite the enactment of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) (commonly known as ‘Obamacare’) in 2010, the USA is not set to provide health care coverage to all, even if and when that reform is fully implemented. This article explores this issue by asking the following question: Why was a clear commitment to universal coverage, the norm in other industrialized countries, excluded as a core objective of the PPACA and how has post‐enactment politics at both the federal and the state level further shaped coverage issues? The analysis traces the issue of universal coverage prior to the debate over the PPACA, during the 2008 presidential race, and during consideration of the bill. The article then looks at the post‐enactment politics of coverage, with a particular focus on how states have responded to the planned use of the Medicaid programme to expand access to care. The article concludes by discussing how an explanation of the limits of the PPACA, in terms of both its commitment to universal coverage and, more importantly, the failure to provide comprehensive health insurance to all, requires an understanding of complex institutional and policy dynamics.     

试论人力资本投资理论与我国高等教育

利用人力资本理论探讨高等教育的发展以及中国现代化建设,提出高等教育投入产出的实质是人力资本投资过程。针对人力资本投资过程中所面临的问题,首先要确定高等教育的主体地位,其次根据国家、个人、企业团体的权益,建立起完善的高等教育成本分担理论。     

Minimum Divergence,Generalized Empirical Likelihoods,and Higher Order Expansions

This article studies the minimum divergence (MD) class of estimators for econometric models specified through moment restrictions. We show that MD estimators can be obtained as solutions to a tractable lower dimensional optimization problem. This problem is similar to the one solved by the generalized empirical likelihood estimators of Newey and Smith (2004 Newey , W. K. , Smith , R. J. ( 2004 ). Higher order properties of GMM and Generalized Empirical Likelihood estimators . Econometrica 72 : 219 – 255 .[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]), but it is equivalent to it only for a subclass of divergences. The MD framework provides a coherent testing theory: tests for overidentification and parametric restrictions in this framework can be interpreted as semiparametric versions of Pearson-type goodness of fit tests. The higher order properties of MD estimators are also studied and it is shown that MD estimators that have the same higher order bias as the empirical likelihood (EL) estimator also share the same higher order mean square error and are all higher order efficient. We identify members of the MD class that are not only higher order efficient, but also, unlike the EL estimator, well behaved when the moment restrictions are misspecified.     

中国人口年龄结构与居民医疗保健消费

本文借助中国2001—2010年的省级面板数据,运用动态面板GMM估计方法,考察了中国人口年龄结构(少儿和老年抚养系数)变化对居民医疗保健消费支出的影响。结果发现,中国少儿抚养系数对居民医疗保健消费支出的影响不显著;老年抚养系数对居民医疗保健消费支出有正影响,即老年抚养系数的上升会带动居民人均医疗保健消费支出的增加。此外,本文还发现,医疗保健消费支出的滞后一期系数都为正,系统GMM两步估计系数为0.51,表明居民医疗保健消费支出存在较强的惯性;人均收入增长对居民医疗保健消费支出有正向的显著影响。     

高等职业技术教育概念术语辨析

关于高等职业技术教育的概念术语有“高职”、“高职教育”、“高等职业教育”、“高等职业技术教育”等,术语的紊乱势必影响我们对概念的科学认识。因此有必要进行术语的厘清。这些术语中关键是要分辨清楚“高等职业教育”和“高等职业技术教育”。对这两个术语可以围绕“技术”、“职业”作扩词式的研究。从“技术”和“职业”到“技术教育”和“职业教育”到“职业技术教育”到“高等职业技术教育”是一种值得尝试的研究思路。     

Suicide prevention and community-level indictors

This study sought to develop a set of easily obtainable, relevant measures of a community's condition that could be used to guide its suicide prevention efforts. Existing data were gathered across 159 Georgia counties for nine potential social indicators (rates of net migration, divorce, unemployment, violent crimes reported, driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs [DUI] crashes, high school dropouts, Temporary Assistance for Needy Families [TANF], percentage of population aged 65 or older, and percentage of population who are white males) that had been chosen by the communities. Data on the social indicators from 1995 through 1999 were averaged and analyzed to determine their correlation with aggregated 5-year county suicide rates. Results of multivariate modeling procedures showed number of DUI crashes and percentage of the population aged 65 or older to be significant correlates of the suicide rate, controlling for other potential indicators. These preliminary data may provide a useful model of a county's 5-year suicide rate among counties reporting 20 or more suicides. Research with additional indicators and in other states will help determine the generalizability of these findings to other communities.