辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义“一体化”:内涵、基础与问题——写在《辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义原理》出版20周年之际

马克思主义哲学原理的科学体系和教学体系既有联系又有区别,《辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义原理》第五版力图建构一个既依据马克思主义哲学的科学体系,又符合认知心理学和教育心理学规律的马克思主义哲学教学体系,重在阐述马克思主义哲学的基本观点。马克思主义哲学中国化以及中国化的马克思主义哲学教科书并不等于"马克思主义哲学原理+中国传统哲学例子",而是要在"双重解读"中使马克思主义哲学"取得民族形式",用中国哲学话语说出马克思主义哲学的基本原理。     

史学危机?思想启蒙?学术建构——试析八十年代、九十年代中国史学主潮

百年中国史学可以说是史料考订派与史观派的对抗史,这一明显特征在八十年代和九十年代的中国史学界几乎有一全程展示。八十年代初是史学无所适从的年代,旧有范式的失落使历史研究者转而引进了各种宏大范式来填补史学研究的空白。九十年代是中国史学真正发生危机的年代,危机的发生来自乾嘉传统的大步回归,乾嘉传统无可争议地成为了当代中国史学的主流,“陈寅恪热”的出现即可看做是史料考订派“硬想回到乾嘉去”的载体。史观与实证的“兼容并包”是未来史学的不可争议的正确取向,任何一派的一统天下都将重蹈史学研究的闹剧。随着新实证研究方法的兴起,彻底打破意识形态的束缚,还历史以丰富多彩的原始风貌,可能是解除目前史学危机的一种新的尝试。     

现实的深层追问:整体视野中的唯物史观

只有从理论的整体视野入手,才能全面地理解唯物史观。从理论的整体视野看,唯物史观就不能仅仅着眼于社会基本矛盾理论,还应注重理论的理论前提部分。这种整体视野中的唯物史观,既是对社会发展现实挑战的应对,也是唯物史观的原本之义,更是唯物史观继续取得现实解释力的生长点。也只有这种整体视野中的唯物史观,才更加具有现实指导意义。     

从《史记＆#183;李斯列传》看法家在秦的接受

先秦法家思想是战国时期秦国和统一后的秦王朝的主导政治思想,但是关于法家思想在秦国及秦王朝的具体实践和影响的文献并不是很多.《史记＆#183;李斯列传》正弥补了这一缺憾.文章通过《史记＆#183;李斯列传》分析李斯、赵高、秦二世对法家思想的接受,进而探讨法家思想在秦国和秦王朝的政治运作中所起的巨大作用.     

《神圣家族》中的科学社会主义思想

《神圣家族》中包含着丰富的科学社会主义思想:唯物史观是科学社会主义的逻辑基础;科学社会主义是真正的群众实践运动,是群众的、世俗的社会主义,它同批判的精神的社会主义有着本质的区别;资本主义私有制的内在矛盾必然导致自身的灭亡,而无产阶级才能真正承担起消灭私有制、扬弃人的异化、解放自己解放全人类的历史使命。     

Child Abuse and Neglect: Perspectives on a National Emergency

Hundreds of thousands of children are being abused and neglected in the United States annually. The structures devised to respond to this abuse and neglect have been unsuccessful. The United States government continues to spend billions of dollars on programs to deal with the effects of these unsuccessful responses. Child abuse and neglect in the United States now represent a national emergency. In this article, we will provide a historical, cultural, and contemporary perspective on child abuse and neglect. This perspective throws light on the complexity of the national emergency and provides a context for further exploration of the issue.     

Weaving the Diverse ‘Seeds’ of Knowledge

Inspiration in the journey through my academic career has come from diverse sources and been enriched through continual reflection. The disciplines of anthropology and human ecology have been only one source of ideas. The other source of enrichment is the domain of local knowledge—the product of the local people's struggles to stay alive in a changing environment. Through hard work they strive for improved prosperity and a more sustainable environment; from them I learned the meaning of life.

M. Junus Melalatoa's ethnographic poem entitled Cipayung Petang (1987) in Winarto & Sulistiawati 2006, p. 35) appropriately represents my reflection:

Mana lebih bahagia What makes us happier

memandang petani to see the farmer

dari balik kaca from behind the window glass

atau berkaca pada petani or to reflect through the farmer

tentang diri kita. on ourselves     

Aboriginal self-management organizations,cultural identity and the modification of exchange

In the present paper, I first discuss the lack of a truly global anthropology in the world today and consider why such a world anthropology does not exist. I then offer a more personal account, based on my experience as an editor of an international journal attempting, to some extent, to counter the hegemony of the American anthropological core. Finally, I look at the referee system and argue that, for all its benefits, it nonetheless serves to prevent the emergence of a global anthropology. The major questions raised in this paper are how, in an anthropological world riven by a huge gap between the core and periphery, as well as by different national schools of anthropology, can refereeing of journal articles take place in a fair and balanced way; and, if it cannot take place, what does this mean about the nature and future of anthropology as a discipline?     

Looking for Joan of Arc: Collaboration in the Rise and Fall of Heroes

This article adapts Actor Network Theory to illustrate the construction of heroes and their abandonment. It focuses more specifically on the rise and fall of an iconic New Zealand private training enterprise, Carich, and its founding entrepreneur Caron Taurima. Drawing on media, web sources and interviews, the study reflects on the uncritical way heroes are constructed and makes comparisons with the story of Joan of Arc. It shows how the notion of ‘Carich‐as‐a‐successful‐business’ was encouraged and developed by human and non‐human actors, how revenues were inflated, and how the business founder’s personal charisma superseded hard financial questions. The article problematizes the roles of various actors, particularly hero‐seeking media, politically‐correct Crown agencies, and those supposedly objective umpires of business acumen who offer national awards to ‘outstanding’ entrepreneurs.     

对“诗史”说文化成因的三维探溯

作为中国古代重要的文学批评和史学研究观念,"诗史"说源于中国古代特定的文化与现实。通过对这个文化源头的追溯,"诗史"说的形成原因从三方面被揭示出来:以"六经载道"为核心的六经一体观念是诗史混同的文化根源,由此衍生出的"六经皆史"说则为"诗史"提供直接的思想资源。"诗可以观""诗可以怨"的观点表现了诗在提供历史借鉴方面与史的共同之处,是"诗史"说得以产生的诗学依据。由于史料、制度和时代原因,造成历史记载的失实和残缺,是形成"诗史"说的史学原因。以"六经载道"为文化起点,以"六经为政"为文化逻辑,中国古代特定的文化规定了"诗史"说的生成与发展。