三次思想解放高潮及其历史启示

中国２０年改革开放的历史进程,首先是在实践基础上不断解放思想的进程。以真理标准讨论、邓小平南方谈话和中共十五大为标志的三次思想解放高潮,不仅深刻反映了改革开放２０年历史性转变的基本线索,而且也为我们面向２１世纪推进全面改革提供了深刻的历史启示：冲破教条主义的禁锢,是解放思想的首要内容;一切从社会主义初级阶段的基本国情出发,是解放思想的客观依据;坚持“三个有利于”标准,是解放思想的根本途径;深化对“什么是社会主义”问题的认识,是解放思想的关键环节;排除右和“左”的干扰,致力于防“左”,是解放思想的主要任务     

《中国廿六史及明清实录东亚关系史料全辑》的编纂综述及史料价值

中韩两国合作项目《中国廿六史及明清实录东亚三国关系史料全辑》,是介绍古代中国、朝鲜(韩国)、日本三国关系的大型史料工具书,它的出版,具有重大的学术价值和深远的现实意义.     

The limited effect of increasing educational attainment on childlessness trends in twentieth-century Europe,women born 1916–65

During the twentieth century, trends in childlessness varied strongly across European countries while educational attainment grew continuously across them. Using census and large-scale survey data from 13 European countries, we investigated the relationship between these two factors among women born between 1916 and 1965. Up to the 1940 birth cohort, the share of women childless at age 40+ decreased universally. Afterwards, the trends diverged across countries. The results suggest that the overall trends were related mainly to changing rates of childlessness within educational groups and only marginally to changes in the educational composition of the population. Over time, childlessness levels of the medium-educated and high-educated became closer to those of the low-educated, but the difference in level between the two better educated groups remained stable in Western and Southern Europe and increased slightly in the East.     

文学史与诠释学

诠释学是对文学作品如何进行诠释的学问。诠释学的基本问题也是文学史研究的基本问题。诠释基本上是一种认识,文学作品对诠释有一定的规定性。对古代文学作品的诠释,历史条件的重建是应有之义,诠释的原则是科学的历史主义。     

西部裕固语的历史地位与使用现状

西部裕固语是我国独有的突厥语之一．由于它有不少自己的特点．所以在同语族语言中具有特殊的地位。近百年来,这种语言引起了中外突厥学界的极大兴趣,有些研究成果对于比较研究和突厥语言史的研究具有重要意义。但是,这种语言的现状不容乐观．使用人数急剧减少,使用范围日益缩小。     

当代青年的理想状况及教育对策

青年理想教育是关系民族兴亡、社会主义事业后继有人的教育工程。从当代青年理想的主观状况和客观环境出发,应当把当代青年理想教育与政治教育相统一,把当代青年理想教育与法治教育、道德教育相统一,把当代青年理想教育与社会主义观教育相统一。     

历史语言研究所学人的史料观——解读1928～1948年的《历史语言研究所集刊》

历史语言研究所作为中国现代学术的一个重镇,在研究模式、方法、体制以及理论方面多所创新,而目前学术界对这一学术群体的关照和研究尚不多见.本文试图从史学理论的角度,对该群体的史料观念进行解析.文章共分三部分,首先从宏观上论述史语所学者治史中的共性;其次通过对《史语所集刊》的解读,从微观上剖析、归纳出其史料观;最后评述史语所在求实、创新的观念支配下所取得的史学成就.     

Economic Strain and Children's Behavior in the Aftermath of the Great Recession

Families across the income spectrum experienced subjective feelings of economic strain during the Great Recession. Existing evidence suggests that much of that economic strain did not arise from individual‐specific economic shocks, such as unemployment or income loss, as much as it did from worry and uncertainty about the future. The authors tested a model in which a measure of subjective perceptions of economic strain was the key predictor of children's behavior problems and objective indicators of economic experiences were treated as control variables. To do so, they used new data from a population‐based sample of children ages 4–17 (N = 303) living in southeast Michigan during the period 2009–2012. They found that economic strain exhibited a qualitatively large independent association with internalizing behavior problems for White—but not Black—children. This association was statistically significant over and above objective indicators of economic experiences and the family psychosocial context.     

A New Kuznetsian Dynamic: The Knowledge Economy and Income Inequality in the United States, 1917–2008

The rise of the knowledge economy resulted in higher levels of income inequality in the United States and forced many to question the Kuznets Inverted‐U hypothesis. However, this study argues that the establishment of a knowledge economy does not negate the importance of employment shifts for income inequality. Instead, the expansion of knowledge employment alters the major sectors that are responsible for the overall distribution of income. To this end, this article presents the key argument that the current service–knowledge transition impacts income inequality trends, of today, in a way that is similar to the agricultural–industrial transition, of the past. According to the autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity regressions, the agricultural–industrial transition returns stronger associations with income inequality in the United States before 1950. The agricultural–industrial transition's impact diminishes thereafter as the service–knowledge transition shares a more robust association with income inequality after 1980.     

Till Death Do Us Part: Marital Status and U.S. Mortality Trends, 1986 – 2000

Although the association of being married and a lower mortality rate has been well established, most previous research on marital status and mortality did not consider potential change in this relationship over time. In this study, I adopted a survey cohort perspective to examine both overall and cause‐specific mortality trends by marital status from 1986 to 2000 in the United States. On the basis of data from the National Health Interview Survey‐Longitudinal Mortality Follow‐up (N = 517,314), I found that mortality generally decreased or remained stable for the married from the 1986 to 2000 NHIS cohort, except for diabetes deaths. There is evidence showing divergent mortality trends between the married and unmarried, especially the widowed. Race and gender variations are examined.