中国传媒变迁负面效应的一个理论解说——政府、市场与社会之非均衡模型与媒体市场化改革

对中国传媒变迁过程中诸多负面效应产生的原因进行了理论解说,认为媒介低俗化等负面效应的产生与市场化改革虽然有着高度相关性,但市场化改革并不必然带来传媒的低俗化现象,这是一个尤其需要澄清的问题。国家(政府)、市场与社会三者之间的动态均衡,是确保市场有序运行的前提条件。当今中国政府、市场与社会之关系表现为一种非均衡的状态,这是中国媒介变迁过程中诸多负面效应产生的结构性根源。     

高校“特色化”中应处理好的几对关系

20世纪80年代至今的高校“特色化运动”在提升我国高等教育水平的同时,也导致了新一轮的“千校一面”。各高校应该充分发掘和利用自己各方面的办学优势,注重发展和创新,最终把办学特色落实到育人质量上,把鲜明特色作为高校发展战略精心打造。     

论高等学校自主权的法权范畴

高校自主权是国家教育权的重要组成部分,是法律规定和认可的学校“教育教学活动的实施权”,其本质是一种公权力,其权力范畴包括独立的财产权、自主的办学权和法定的管理权。     

La signification marquante du remodelage de la Nouvelle Route de la Soie

Ré sumé s:La signification marquante de l’ é xé cution straté gique de ? la Nouvel e Route de la Soie ?,dans le cadre de ? la Nouvel e Route de la Soie ?, la Chine et les autres pays de l'Asie centrale...     

À la recherche d’une politique biomédicale en France : chronique d’une réforme inaboutie en cancérologie

This article proposes to explore research administration practices in the analysis of the spread of biomedicine in France. This approach, combined with an analytical positioning inspired by the sociology of organisations, brings an additional element to conventional approaches to biomedicine, since it helps to identify constraints other than those associated with the scientific and clinical practices themselves. Drawing on empirical observation of the development of contemporary policy on cancer research, we will show the crucial influence of the distribution of power between the different stakeholders involved in developing public processes for promoting biomedical practices.     

Rapid change in a South African tertiary institution: Implications for occupational social work

Universities, like most organisations, are in a state of continuous transformation. The past decade has seen dramatic changes taking place at universities in South Africa, which have impacted on employees, especially academics. This article focuses on the transformations at the University of Fort Hare in the Eastern Cape, and recounts the qualitative findings of a small-scale research project, conducted by the first author, which provide a flavour of the way in which UFH academics perceived and responded to a fast changing university milieu. It examines the strengths which sustained them and argues that universities should help people to identify and utilise such strengths within their organisations by employing occupational social workers. The authors, both social work trained and former practitioners, have written this article jointly under the auspices of a three-year British Council Higher Education Link Programme between the Social Work Department at the University of Fort Hare and the Community and Criminal Justice Studies Division at De Montfort University, Leicester.     

大股东、法律制度和资本结构决策——来自中国上市公司的经验证据

本文结合中国制度,从理论角度推演大股东、法律制度如何影响资本结构决策,采用中国非金融上市公司截面数据,应用一系列OLS经验检验大股东、法律制度与资本结构决策之间关系.本研究提供的经验证据表明,大股东、法律制度确实影响资本结构决策.具体而言:(1)第一大股东持股比例与债务水平负相关;(2)最终控制人是国有企业的控制股东具有强烈的股权融资偏好,这类公司拥有相对低的债务水平;(3)少数大股东持股集中度与债务水平正相关;(4)第一大股东持股比例和少数大股东持股集中度的交互项与债务水平正相关,表明少数大股东持股集中度的提高能削减第一大股东和债务水平之间的负相关关系;(5)少数大股东持股集中度除以第一大股东持股比例、少数大股东持股集中度减去第一大股东持股比例与债务水平正相关,说明股权制衡能够抑制控制股东机会主义行为,股权制衡的公司具有相对高的债务水平;(6)法律制度对不同期限的债务水平具有不同影响,法律制度环境好的公司具有相对高的短期债务和相对低的长期债务,本文从中国的制度视角对这一现象进行解释;(7)第一大股东与债务水平之间的关系受法律制度环境的影响.