哈贝马斯对韦伯形式主义法律观的批判与超越

在马克斯·韦伯的形式主义法律观视野中,法的合法性在于法律的形式本身,而哈贝马斯并不赞成对法律范式的研究简单地做“形式”与“实质”的区分。以交往理性为立足点,哈贝马斯主张建构以对话理解、协商共识为基础的“程序主义”法律范式。     

IV估计框架下模型设定检验问题的讨论

 IV估计框架下各种统计量的良好性质依赖于相应的模型设定,如果这些模型设定未能得到数据的支持,其统计推断结论将是不可靠的。如判定计量经济模型是否存在内生性的Hausman检验,实证研究中同一问题的检验结果可能大相径庭。如何通过合理的模型设定检验程序来获得模型参数科学、可靠的估计结果和检验结论呢？本文讨论了工具变量估计框架下的各种模型设定检验问题,明确了各个检验统计量的适用条件及其逻辑联系,给出了工具变量估计框架下模型设定检验的一般步骤。     

浅析迈氏干涉实验中仪器误差的处理

本文分析了迈克尔逊干涉仪测量激光波长的实验中产生的几种常见系统误差的原因，介绍了相应的估算方法。     

Conditional Linear Combination Tests for Weakly Identified Models

We introduce the class of conditional linear combination tests, which reject null hypotheses concerning model parameters when a data‐dependent convex combination of two identification‐robust statistics is large. These tests control size under weak identification and have a number of optimality properties in a conditional problem. We show that the conditional likelihood ratio test of Moreira, 2003 is a conditional linear combination test in models with one endogenous regressor, and that the class of conditional linear combination tests is equivalent to a class of quasi‐conditional likelihood ratio tests. We suggest using minimax regret conditional linear combination tests and propose a computationally tractable class of tests that plug in an estimator for a nuisance parameter. These plug‐in tests perform well in simulation and have optimal power in many strongly identified models, thus allowing powerful identification‐robust inference in a wide range of linear and nonlinear models without sacrificing efficiency if identification is strong.     

"兴"意综述--从"兴"的本义谈起

在中国古代文学史上,“兴”是一个非常重要的概念,它涉及到文学的表现手法、创作风格、思想内涵、社会功能等一系列重大问题。具体来讲,它主要有以下六种涵义:(一)有所承举日兴;(二)托事于物曰兴;(三)取义曰兴;(四)触物起情,节取托意曰兴;(五)文已尽而意有余曰兴;(六)言之有物曰兴。     

Robust, accurate confidence intervals with a weak instrument: quarter of birth and education

Summary.  An instrument or instrumental variable manipulates a treatment and affects the outcome only indirectly through its manipulation of the treatment. For instance, encouragement to exercise might increase cardiovascular fitness, but only indirectly to the extent that it increases exercise. If instrument levels are randomly assigned to individuals, then the instrument may permit consistent estimation of the effects caused by the treatment, even though the treatment assignment itself is far from random. For instance, one can conduct a randomized experiment assigning some subjects to 'encouragement to exercise' and others to 'no encouragement' but, for reasons of habit or taste, some subjects will not exercise when encouraged and others will exercise without encouragement; none-the-less, such an instrument aids in estimating the effect of exercise. Instruments that are weak, i.e. instruments that have only a slight effect on the treatment, present inferential problems. We evaluate a recent proposal for permutation inference with an instrumental variable in four ways: using Angrist and Krueger's data on the effects of education on earnings using quarter of birth as an instrument, following Bound, Jaeger and Baker in using simulated independent observations in place of the instrument in Angrist and Krueger's data, using entirely simulated data in which correct answers are known and finally using statistical theory to show that only permutation inferences maintain correct coverage rates. The permutation inferences perform well in both easy and hard cases, with weak instruments, as well as with long-tailed responses.     

仪器分析与法庭化学

在法庭化学中,用高灵敏度仪器分析方法研究微量物证具有不可代替的作用。通过仪器分析不仅能够确定微量物证的组成 组分和结构,而且还能借助有效成分更精细地刻画其形成及变化规律 推断其来源,确定微量物证与案件的关系。色谱、色质联用、毛细管电泳和分子光谱法对毒物、毒品、炸药和染料等有机类物证及物证中有机成分的分析 充分显示了这些分析技术在鉴定微量物证中的优势。     

One country,three populations: Trust in police among migrants,villagers, and urbanites in China

While the past decade has witnessed the burgeoning of research on public assessments of the police in China, marginalized social groups have rarely been considered in this line of inquiry. Using data collected from migrant workers, rural villagers, and urban dwellers, this study assesses whether Chinese perceptions of the police are distinguishable along procedural-based trust and outcome-based trust and whether expressive concerns and instrumental concerns are predictive of trust in the police. Findings show that Chinese citizens tend to conflate procedural-based trust and outcome-based trust. Expressive concerns play a more important role than instrumental concerns, with such expressive variables as trust in neighborhood residents committee, perceived law and order, and quality of life influencing trust in the police. Public perceptions of police trustworthiness are also significantly linked to media influence. Directions for future research are discussed.     

论“清商”成为妙曲代称的原因与意义

“清商”最初是专指性的音乐术语。它成为妙曲的代称,完成于汉魏之世。“清商”内涵的这层演变,主要与当时的两个因素有关。一是器乐与人声相结合的歌舞乐开始盛行,二是时代普遍缺乏较为精确的乐律知识。本文的探讨说明,是“清商”而不是“清徵”、“清角”成为妙曲的代称,反映的正是汉魏时期音乐史的发展轨迹。     

The Social Lives of the Elite: Friendship and Power in Pakistan

The ways in which elite individuals perpetuate their power and privilege and so reinforce existing social inequalities within developing country contexts are analysed in this article. I argue that in highly politically and economically unstable environments, socialising between the uppermost bureaucratic, political, military and business elite serves to create intimacy and obligation between individuals who may be functionally useful to one another, and strengthens and reinforces elite privilege. In examining the motivations that drive the ways in which elites socialise, I contend that the blending of affective and instrumental relationships is reflective of the deep insecurity experienced by elites in contexts where they cannot expect their power and privilege to be upheld by the state.