The effect of immigrant admission criteria on immigrant labour-market characteristics

The skill levels of immigrants entering the USA has declined in recent decades; however, most immigrants to the USA continue to be admitted on the basis of family contacts, without reference to labour-market characteristics. This situation has given rise to a debate about the criteria on which immigrants are admitted or excluded. I examine how the relative skill levels of immigrants admitted under different criteria vary by country of origin, those criteria being the possession of highly-valued skills and family connections. Using data from the Immigration and Naturalization Service, Borjas' 1987 model is tested. The results show (a) that the relative skill levels of the two groups do indeed differ by country of origin, and (b) the pattern by country of origin is consistent with the Borjas predictions. The policy implication is that the effects of changing admission criteria will differ by country of origin, but in a predictable way.     

Thinking About Internal Prejudice And Anti-Oppressive Practice In Child Safeguarding Social Work With Irish Travellers In The UK

This paper is a reflective exploration of the emotional encounter between social workers and Irish Travellers in child safeguarding cases in the UK, the unconscious defences that may be triggered for social workers, unfamiliar with Travellers, and how these can impact on the relationship and outcomes. It raises concern about how pervasive societal disapproval towards Travellers may be absorbed by social workers, at the expense of a curiosity about historic marginalisation, the contemporary cultural and social context and a recognition of the strengths of the community. Drawing on psychoanalytical insights into ‘race’, it comprises a literature review which highlights themes of marginalisation in research on Irish Travellers in the UK. It also includes a narrative interview with a Traveller woman who reflects on the fear that social workers invoke in Travellers, and sets up the key question: what might the emotional state of the social worker be in this scenario.     

Heterogeneity in the intergenerational transmission of educational attainment: evidence from Switzerland on natives and second-generation immigrants

This study applies rich data from the 2000 Swiss census to investigate the patterns of intergenerational education transmission for natives and second-generation immigrants. The level of secondary schooling attained by youth aged 17 is related to their parents’ educational outcomes based on data on the entire Swiss population. Extending economic theories of child educational attainment, we derive hypotheses regarding the patterns of intergenerational education transmission. The data yield substantial heterogeneity in intergenerational transmission across population groups. Only a small share of this heterogeneity is explained by the predictions of economic theory.

English,Spanish and ethno-racial receptivity in a new destination: A case study of Dominican immigrants in Reading,PA

Scant information is available on experiences with language among immigrant populations in new destinations. This study provides a multi-dimensional portrait of the linguistic incorporation of Dominican immigrants in the “majority–minority” city of Reading, Pennsylvania. The results show that daily life for most largely occurs in a Spanish-language milieu, but English proficiency and use in social networks is primarily a function of exposure to the United States. This is consistent with the standard narrative of assimilation models. At the same time, negative experiences with the use of both English and Spanish suggest that the linguistic context of reception is inhospitable for a substantial share of this population. Negative experiences with English are particularly likely to be mentioned by those with dark skin and greater cumulative exposure. Lastly, language plays an important role in experiences with ethno-racial enmity more broadly. Nonetheless, the persistent effect of skin tone indicates that such experiences are not reducible to language per se.     

Immigrant use of public assistance and mode of entry: Demographics versus dependence

A view that gained momentum in the 1990s, and which is sustained by some policy analysts and labor economists today, is that dependence on public assistance is greater for immigrants than for natives. Accordingly, this study investigates nativity differentials in the use of nine assistance programs, focusing on immigrant arrival cohorts within three distinct mode-of-entry proxy categories. The logistic regression analysis uses data from the 2013 CPS March supplement. To permit more nuanced interpretation, control variables are introduced hierarchically in a three-stage analysis. One new finding is that each of the three major regional-origin groups within the 1980–1995 refugee cohort—with an average length of residence exceeding two decades—sustains greater use of either SSI or Medicaid than natives. The study concludes that nativity differences in the use of public assistance continue to rest on the socio-demographic composition of three distinct populations, determined by mode of entry into the U.S.     

当代爱尔兰诗歌研究综述(1999-2010)

以Google Scholar、CALIS外文期刊网和中国学术期刊论文数据库和博硕士论文数据库为数据来源,通过文献计量研究分析的方法,对1999年以来国内外有关当代爱尔兰诗歌研究成果进行了搜集、梳理、分析。结果表明,近10年来,国外对当代爱尔兰诗歌的研究总体呈上升趋势,相关著作和论文研究内容逐步扩展,研究方法日趋多样化,但国内的相关研究成果在数量、内容和方法上都远不及国外。其中国内外的研究也存在一些问题。这些不足给国内外研究提出了新的挑战也指明了新的方向。     

试析5至12世纪爱尔兰修道院的黄金时代

考察了公元5至12世纪爱尔兰修道院网络形成的三个历史阶段及其繁荣发展的一系列社会历史条件,认为爱尔兰修道院在农业拓殖、艺术创造、宗教传播与拉丁文化的普及等方面对欧洲的蛮族社会产生了深刻的影响.它的兴衰发展折射出了中世纪欧洲基督教社会从独立、分散逐步走向融合,最后臻于一统的历史大势.     

Irish Social Workers in Britain and the Politics of (Mis) Recognition

The article focuses on the perceptions of Irish social workersworking in ‘children and families’ settings in Britain.These respondents cannot be seen as representative of all Irishsocial workers in Britain, yet they do provide insights intofive significant themes: the approach to ‘race’and ethnicity in social work education; Irish identities inBritain; racism and stereotyping; children and families whoare Irish Travellers; and an agenda for the future. The discussionconsiders some of the issues raised in the context of what hasbeen referred to as the ‘politics of recognition’.     

渴慕与认同：《尤利西斯》里的中国文化意象阐释——兼与《中国形象》一文作者商榷

《尤利西斯》里的中国文化意象,并非是＂对中国形象的扭曲、误解和妖魔化＂,相反,它们体现了乔伊斯以及爱尔兰人民对古老神秘的东方文化的渴慕与认同,给读者展示了一个充满传奇、浪漫的东方国家形象,且对刻画主人公布卢姆的性格特征、突出文本局部主题起到了重要作用。从爱尔兰东方学视角来看,小说里有关东方语言（汉语）及文化意象揭示了古老的东方文明与爱尔兰文明在语言、文化之间的源远流长的关系,增强了布卢姆和爱尔兰人民对东方语言、文化的认同感和归属感,同时,这种隐蔽而巧妙的叙事策略是乔伊斯和其他现代爱尔兰作家反对殖民主义、帝国主义的有力武器,充分体现了乔伊斯的思想和艺术境界。     

Immigrant and native financial well-being: The roles of place of education and race/ethnicity

Immigrants’ integration into U.S. society has occupied the interest of both scholars and the general public throughout the nation’s history. This paper draws on and refines dominance-differentiation theory to explore how immigrants’ place of education (whether they completed their education in the United States or abroad) and racial/ethnic status differentially affect their ability to integrate into U.S. society. Using the Survey of Income and Program Participation and wealth attainment as an indicator of economic integration, this paper finds mixed evidence for dominance-differentiation theory. Foreign education is associated with lower wealth attainment and race/ethnicity serves as an important stratifying factor for blacks and Latinos; however, there is little support for the theory when comparing the wealth attainment of immigrants with their same-race/co-ethnic native-born peers. This paper concludes with a discussion of why place of education matters for wealth attainment in the United States and explores its implications for both educational and racial/ethnic stratification among U.S. immigrants.