Tactical coordination in a multi-location and multi-stage operations structure: A model and a pharmaceutical company case

In this paper, we look at the internal supply chain of an internationally operating firm characterized by a multi-location and multi-stage operations structure. We address problems at three levels, namely the strategic, tactical, and operational levels. Our approach goes beyond the operational literature, and focuses primarily on the tactical level. We specify a model and a case that capture strategic and tactical issues and relate the tactical issues to organizational issues. We simulate coordination in different organizational forms pertaining to the ‘tactical control’ of the firm. Our analysis suggests that a functionally organized multi-location and multi-stage operations structure using traditional planning will not work. The choice is between a strongly IT-based, centralized organization or a more decentralized organization using transfer prices as the coordination device.     

贵州农村土地承包期政策研究

贵州农村土地承包期政策，即“增人不增地，减人不减地”政策，是贵州的一项极具特色的地方立法。该政策对贵州农村经济发展、社会稳定等曾起到了积极作用。然而，从法律价值层面分析，该政策不利于其价值目标的实现；从法律效力层面分析，该政策与现行法律相悖；从社会实证层面分析，该政策亦无法正确反映农村村民的需求，实须改进。     

论土地征收制度的完善与建设用地使用权 制度改革的统筹协调

文章在对我国《物权法》中土地征收规定进行评述的基础上,指出这一制度在适用中还需要完善相关的配套法律、法规。文章从制度间相互联系和作用的视角提出完善土地征收制度须与我国建设用地使用权制度改革联系起来一并进行。文章的重点是对完善土地征收制度提出具体建议:将国家对集体土地的征收限制为公共利益目的,将现有的非公共利益的土地征收转变为由集体与土地使用者直接协商,由集体将非农建设用地使用权进行出让。     

民国末年四川地区不动产交易中民间契约的法律地位探析

土地经济时代的土地、田产、房屋是社会经济重要组成部分,其物权所有权转移在民国末年极受关注.传统的经济环境下,多方约束的民间契约调节着社会经济关系的矛盾.理性的考量与通融和顺的民治观念构成民国末年物权交易民间契约的一道风景.乡规民约中,处分财产知情权、分割财产表决权、竞买次序优先权等,其折射出的法律价值取向给我们提供了法实践基础的思维空间.     

我国公共定价管制研究——以输配电价管制为例

尽管公共定价不涉及政府对经济的直接调控,但科学管制公共定价同样关系到资源配置效率、收入分配公平以及财政收支规模等重要问题,因此对公共定价管制进行研究,对于推进我国现阶段市场经济体制中的公共企业改革、政府职能转变及经济结构调整有着重要意义。在此背景下,以输配电价管制为例对我国公共定价管制进行研究,尝试为政府管制放松浪潮背景下我国公共定价管制机制改革提出可行的改革思路、路径及政策建议。     

Fengshui theory in urban landscape planning

The spatial configuration of urban landscapes results from cumulative interactions between human activities and the physical environment. Traditional philosophies and cultural legacies have had important influences on urban development and planning in East Asia. In Seoul, traditional land use practices based on ‘Fengshui’ have significantly contributed to human-mediated patterns of landscape changes, in addition to the role of the socio-economic background (development) and other human activities. The concept of Fengshui was originally founded upon people’s empirical cognition of natural landscape patterns. Recently, however, advanced economic development, westernization and urbanization have been rapidly altering the old traditions of the holistic landscape systems through changing urban planning practices. Since the type, scale, frequency, distribution and spreading pattern of environmental and human disturbances have been changed, a new paradigm for urban landscape planning is necessary to maintain the ecological and cultural integrity of landscapes in Korea. In this paper, we discuss recent concepts and methods of landscape ecology and urban planning from the viewpoint of Fengshui, the traditional land use patterns in Seoul, whose application has so far been restricted only to traditional land evaluation. We conclude that, to maintain the sustainability of the urban landscape, it is necessary to develop a new urban planning framework for the region that is based on the integration between landscape ecology principles with the traditional concepts of Fengshui.     

罗马统治时期埃及妇女的土地租佃

罗马统治时期的埃及，土地租佃制成为占主导地位的土地经营方式，形成了复杂的土地租佃关系。这其中更引人注目的是此时的埃及妇女亦活跃于土地租佃中。妇女不仅是土地的出租者，而且还是土地的租佃者。分析罗马时期埃及妇女的土地租佃经营状况，对于研究罗马时期埃及妇女甚至是古代埃及妇女的经济地位及社会地位都会有所裨益。     

彭阳社火的民俗学考察

社火是我国北方春节期间的一项传统民俗活动。以宁夏回族自治区南部山区彭阳县的社火表演仪式为例,利用地方志材料和田野调查材料,描述并分析了当地的社火组织、表演仪式以及其中所反映的民俗心理。     

A multilevel model with autoregressive components for the analysis of tribal art prices

In this paper, we introduce a multilevel model specification with time-series components for the analysis of prices of artworks sold at auctions. Since auction data do not constitute a panel or a time series but are composed of repeated cross-sections, they require a specification with items at the first level nested in time-points. Our approach combines the flexibility of mixed effect models together with the predicting performance of time series as it allows to model the time dynamics directly. Model estimation is obtained by means of maximum likelihood through the expectation–maximization algorithm. The model is motivated by the analysis of the first database ethnic artworks sold in the most important auctions worldwide. The results show that the proposed specification improves considerably over classical proposals both in terms of fit and prediction.     

1920年井田制辩论:唯物史观派与史料派的初次交锋

192 0年井田制辩论不仅在经济史上有重要意义 ,更是 2 0世纪中国史学史上的一件大事 ,它代表着唯物史观派与史料派的初次交锋。辩论根源于治史理念上的歧异 :史观派的胡汉民、廖仲恺视史实重建为中心任务 ,史料派的胡适以史料整理为首要工作。针对井田制问题 ,双方的立论角度和研究门径截然异趣 :前者侧重于井田制的经济史分析 ,努力借取西方社会科学的成果和方法 ;后者着眼于井田的史料沿革 ,谨守广搜精考、穷源毕流的清儒成法。作为方法之争的井田制辩论 ,史观派最终占了上风。其后史观、史料两派的命运却大为不同。