Ad hoc rural regionalism

A new regionalism has been much documented and researched for metropolitan areas; this article documents that there is a new rural regionalism as well. In the United States, these groups appear most likely to emerge in areas that are challenged by outcomes characterizing globalization's effects on the rural condition: namely, exurban or metropolitan sprawl and the resulting landscape fragmentation, often in combination with extreme pressure on the profitability of small farms or other resource uses. This research asks: what impetus is behind rural regional efforts; and what sort of processes of institutionalization do these groups utilize? The paper builds on theory developed by the new regional geographers over the last twenty years, most notably Anne Gilbert and Anssi Paasi, and applies the theoretical framework to three North American case studies in what can be classified as ad hoc rural initiatives in contested landscapes, initiated by local or grassroots actors to foster a specific conceptualization of region. While specific programming varies for different groups, rural regionalism addressed the balance between and interconnections of landscape and land use change, social networks, economic viability, and impacts of global industry. Central to the case studies are actors' efforts to create a regional identity, including forming institutions, defining regional boundaries, and identifying social/symbolic shapes for the region. The research discusses the importance of viewing regionalization through the lens of agency.     

质朴美——周同宾散文的特色

以"一部乡土史书"<皇天后土>荣获中国首届"鲁迅文学奖"的南阳作家周同宾,经几十年孜孜不倦的追求,形成了他独具特色的散文语言.他善于博取众家之长,追求为人作文的真诚,使其散文短小精悍,文质精美,以真情动人,成为20世纪末中国文坛上一道亮丽的风景.     

试论唐前期均田制在西域地区的实施

唐朝时期 ,西域作为重要的边疆地区 ,一直受到中央政府的重视。特别是从唐太宗至唐玄宗的百余年间 ,唐政府曾从经济、政治及思想文化等方面对西域地区进行了大力开发。均田制的实施 ,就是其中重要内容之一。这有助于促进边疆的农业 ,发展民族经济 ,巩固西北边防 ,维护国家统一。     

农村土地股份合作制的经济解释与分析

研究了我国农村土地股份合作制的经济效益,并对其形成因素进行比较静态分析。主要的结论是:土地股份合作制理论上能够提高要素配置效率和农业生产效率;而经济发展状况、产业结构配置、农民就业风险、农村社会保障制度以及土地级差收益的分配是导致该制度产生的主要原因。     

论农村家庭联产承包责任制在当代的发展趋势

农村家庭联产承包责任制在历史发展过程中起过积极作用，但农村家庭联产承包制在实施过程中也暴露出一些问题。现时代为保持农村生产力持续快速发展，就应进一步完善农村家庭联产承包责任制，而实现“土地流转”并最终建立家庭式的“红色农场”就是完善农村家庭联产承包责任制的大胆设想，因为，它顺应了大农业发展的趋势，代表着中国农业的长远发展方向。     

“九&#183;一八”事变原因的再认识

通常的说法,认为"九·一八"事变的原因有二一是日本推行"大陆政策"的必然性;二是日本国内经济危机使然.我们认为,上述两点固然言之有理,但尚不够全面和深刻.除此之外,还有一个更为深层的原因,即日本为实现"大陆政策"最终目标,所采取的总体战略要求而发动的.     

试论土地增值税的保留与完善

针对取消或停征土地增值税的说法,着重分析应当保留土地增值税的几个理由,并特别强调土地增值税在抑制投机、防止虚热方面所特有的"自动稳定器"的功能。结合国有土地实行年租制改革的可能以及日趋成熟的改革房地产税的研究,提出对土地增值税适当作些调整,使之长期发挥作用的建议。     

Urbanization in China and the Coordinated Development Model—The case of Chengdu

China's urbanization faces two greatest difficulties of creating non-farm jobs to “landless farmers” and providing required amenities and social services to urbanites-to-be. In the earlier phase of development, TVE employment had provided important relief to the job pressure. Later, the “Small-city Strategy” that emphasized forming towns and small cities around where rural population resided successfully deterred rural population's entry into large cities. Today, China is implementing a Coordinated Development between the urban and rural sectors, aiming to reach a balanced development between the two sectors by making not only large cities more welcoming to rural migrants but also the small cities, towns, and areas where rural population now reside harder to leave. At the core of the coordination are three concentrations of rural residents, farmland, and firms, intended to help rural residents to settle in large cities, small cities and towns, as well as new residential areas in the countryside, to de-segment land to realize economies of scale, and to gather firms of a same industry in organized industrial areas to gain agglomeration economies and create non-farm jobs. This article examines the trajectory of China's urbanization, analyzes the working mechanism of the Coordinated Development model, and investigates Chengdu's practice of the Coordinated Development, which will help to provide insights into the new developments in China's urbanization.     

土地确权、要素偏向性技术变革与产业结构转型

本文在构建土地确权、偏向性技术变革与产业结构转型关系理论框架的基础上,利用2014年和2016年中国劳动力动态调查(CLDS)数据集中的村庄和家庭层面数据,实证检验土地确权对产业结构转型的影响以及基于要素偏向性技术变革的传导机制。研究结果显示,土地确权有利于提升农业劳均产出、降低农业劳动密集度、增加农户非农劳动时间,从而促进产业结构转型。通过中介效应检验发现,体现为农业机械化的劳动增强型技术变革是土地确权影响产业结构转型的重要渠道。通过工具变量回归、PSM方法、替换被解释变量和增加控制变量识别验证,上述结论稳健可靠。此外,异质性分析表明,对于农业大省、非专业农户和未享受农业补贴农户,土地确权改革呈现出加速农业现代化和促进产业结构转型的双重政策红利。     

中国西北地区人口增长对土地退化的驱动作用分析

文章通过定性定量分析西北地区人口增长与粮食生产系统和土地压力响应之间的相关关系,发现人口的增长主要与耕地面积的扩展有较强相关性,与单位粮食亩产增加等变量指标的关系较弱。进一步分析发现,即便是在人口增长与耕地扩大的关系中,实际的耕地增长和粮食需求也远远大于实际人口增长的需求,由此可以看到在西北地区粮食生产和耕地面积扩大的过程中,人口增长并不如人们一般认为的那样大,人口增长对土地退化只能承担一部分责任,不构成最重要的原因。