共同语和标准语——对普通话定义的思考

本文从普通话的定义出发 ,从“共同语”和“标准语”两个方面对普通话加以论述 ,并指出普通话不同的语域功能。     

哈萨克语词的理据

人类在不断地发明和创造新的物体 ,在探讨新的思想 ,形成新的概念 ,这一切都需要新词来反映 ,而新词的命名需要有一定的依据 ,这就是词的理据。词的理据具有浓厚的民族特色 ,反映同一事物的词在不同民族语言中有不同的理据。哈萨克语对事物指称的依据是语音、形体、语义和语法四个方面     

湖南“二王”与近代湖南书院改制

王闿运与王先谦在近代史上并称湖南“二王,”他们都与湖南书院改制有非常密切的关系。王闿运不认同西式学堂教育,主张在传统书院教育体制之内改善书院教育,船山书院在其主掌之下至1915年方改为学堂;王先谦接受了西式学堂体制,但其坚守学堂不能离“道”而行,在湖南书院改制中呈现出双重趋向。“二王”与湖南书院改制的关系,透射出传统型知识分子在晚清变局中的复杂心态。     

论合同法上的情事变更原则

法律上对情事变更原则的适用规定了严格的条件,适用情事变更原则的法律效力主要体现变更合同、解除合同两个方面,而且情事变更与不可抗力、商业风险存在着明显的差别。社会主义市场经济的发展及与国际市场的接轨,决定了情事变更原则应当成为我国合同法上最重要的法律原则之一,它有利于进一步完善我国现行合同法律制度。     

Monitoring and evaluation of loveLife's AIDS prevention and advocacy activities in South Africa, 1999–2001

loveLife is the largest effort ever launched in South Africa to change adolescent sexual behaviour with the aim of reducing the rate of HIV infection among 15–20 year olds by 50%, reducing other STIs, and reducing the incidence of teenage pregnancy. loveLife combines high-powered media awareness and education, development of adolescent-friendly reproductive health services, and outreach and support programmes. The 5-year research and evaluation plan includes a multi-year comprehensive observational study, tracking change in a range of behavioural indicators and in sexual health outcomes. In its first 2 years, loveLife reached more than 4 million youth. Sixty-two percent of youth and 59% of their parents/guardians recognize the brand, while the vast majority of parents (97%) and youth (89%) exposed to loveLife, identified loveLife as being positive. Challenges in the next years are the continued roll out of the programme, and the development of institutional support and behaviour change.     

Evaluation of HIV/AIDS peer education projects in Zambia

This 1998 evaluation assessed the peer education programmes of HIV/AIDS projects run by four non-governmental organisations. A mini-case study approach was used and analysis was based on cross-case itemistic variables. The projects were assessed only in terms of immediate developmental outcomes to target groups rather than on long-term impact. The study concluded the following: (1) The projects had raised community awareness of HIV/AIDS; (2) Basic knowledge of HIV/AIDS was for the most part accurate; (3) There was anecdotal evidence of behavioural changes in terms of partner-reduction as reported by the projects, though the evidence was sometimes conflicting; and (4) There was evidence that certain traditional practices, which contributed to the spread of the virus (e.g. sexual cleansing and scarification), were becoming modified over time. The programmes were also instrumental in protecting human rights and enabling people living with HIV/AIDS to maintain human dignity.     

语言趋同现象的语用效果

语言趋同现象的实质是以社会心理现象为基础的语用适应。本文从语言趋同现象入手分析了趋同现象的产生及跨文化趋同所达到的语用效果     

从第二语言教学谈语言教学与文化的关系

汉外文化差异会直接影响对外汉语教学效果,因此语言教学必须与文化教学紧密结合,不可分割,否则会影响交际,甚至引起文化冲突。本文以汉俄两种语言对比为例,论述了汉外文化差异及其将文化导入语言教学的方法。     

计算机公共课教学改革实践探索

在科学技术高度发达的今天 ,为了使计算机公共课教学适应时代的发展 ,教师必须转变教育观念。同时 ,针对计算机教学自身的特点 ,教师应当运用变化的教学手段和灵活多样的教学方法来进行教学