The new ‘twice migrants’: motivations,experiences and disillusionments of Italian-Bangladeshis relocating to London

Taking our cue from an earlier study of East African Asians who ‘onward-migrated’ to the UK in the 1960s and 1970s, this paper looks at the more recent phenomenon of Bangladeshi immigrants in Italy who are onward-migrating to London. We seek to answer three questions. First, why does this migration occur? Second, how does the ethnic group we call ‘Italian-Bangladeshis’ narrate their working lives in London and to what extent do they feel ‘at home’ there? Third, what are the gaps between their expectations held before the move and the actual social and economic conditions they encounter in London? Empirical evidence comes from 40 in-depth interviews with Italian-Bangladeshis who have already onward-migrated or plan to. Most Italian-Bangladeshis move to London to escape socially limiting factory work in Italy, to invest in the educational future of their children, and to join the largest Bangladeshi community outside of their home country. In London, they describe feeling more ‘at home’ than in Italy, due to the size and multiple facilities of the Bangladeshi community, their lack of ‘visibility’ and of racialisation, and the greater sense of religious freedom. But their onward-migration experience has its more negative sides: the inability to access more than low-paid casual work in London’s service economy, the cost of housing, and the difficulty of making social contacts beyond their ethnic community, especially with those they regard as ‘natives’, i.e. ‘white’ British.     

从《黄金谷》和《月亮谷》解读杰克·伦敦生态思想的发展过程

杰克·伦敦惯用自然主义的书写手法描绘普通民众的生活状况,以寻求解决社会危机的途径和方法。在小说《黄金谷》和《月亮谷》中,他从人类中心主义逐渐走向生态中心主义,认为人与自然是一种和谐的、相互补偿的关系。他主动承担起生态保护的责任,并逐步完成"自我"向"生态自我"的转变。认真解读杰克.伦敦的自然文学作品,深入挖掘它的生态思想的真正内涵和精髓,对加深人们对人与自然关系的理解和大自然真正价值的认识具有重要的意义。     

面向都市经济增长的创意产业发展——以伦敦、纽约为例

随着创意经济时代的崛起,不少发达国家和地区提出了创意立国或以创意为基础的经济发展模式,发展创意产业已经被提到了发达国家或地区发展的战略层面。本文首先剖析了创意产业的内涵及其特征,然后以纽约、伦敦为例论述了创意产业对国际大都市经济增长的巨大推动作用,在此基础上对中国大都市发展创意产业提出了一系列建议。     

论土地利用模式对城市郊区化的影响 ——以18、19世纪的伦敦为例

郊区化是城市化进程当中的一个重要阶段,是城市的政治、经济和文化发展到一定程度的产物,而城市土地利用模式的变化则是早期城市郊区化的一个直接动因。在18、19世纪,一些大城市的中心区日益成为零售业、手工业、金融业等经济活动的集中区,而市中心的居住功能则被大大削弱。一部分城市居民,尤其是有一定经济能力的人,追求更宽阔、更舒适的居住环境,向城市周边的郊区地带迁移。由此,城市边缘地带逐渐发展成为近代意义上的郊区,城市也进入了一个新的发展阶段。     

《“蛇鲨号”巡航记》与帝国主义话语

游记与帝国主义之间存在一种隐性的共谋关系。杰克.伦敦受宰制性帝国主义话语的影响,在《"蛇鲨号"巡航记》一书中,对南太平洋诸岛风物进行了东方主义式的再现,并用自己的形象阐释了美国帝国主义硬汉英雄的精神品质,从而建构和撒播了美国的帝国主义话语。     

Contact,the feature pool and the speech community: The emergence of Multicultural London English

In the multilingual centres of Northern Europe's major cities, new varieties of the host languages are emerging. While some analyse these ‘multiethnolects’ as youth styles, we take a variationist approach to an emerging ‘Multicultural London English’ (MLE), asking: (1) what features characterise MLE; (2) at what age(s) are they acquired; (3) is MLE vernacularised; and (4) when did MLE emerge, and what factors enabled this? We argue that innovations in the diphthongs and the quotative system are generated from the specific sociolinguistics of inner‐city London, where at least half the population is undergoing group second‐language acquisition and where high linguistic diversity leads to a heterogeneous feature pool to select from. We look for incrementation ( Labov 2001 ) in the acquisition of the features, but find this only for two ‘global’ changes, BE LIKE and goose ‐fronting, for which adolescents show the highest usage. Community‐internal factors explain the age‐related variation in the remaining features.     

Evolutionary Resilience and Strategies for Climate Adaptation

The aim of this study is to develop a framework by drawing on three broad perspectives on resilience, engineering, ecological and evolutionary, and to use this framework to critically examine the approach adopted by the draft London climate change adaptation strategy. The central argument of the study is that the Strategy's emergency planning-centred approach to climate adaptation veers between a standard ecological understanding of resilience and the more rigid engineering model. Its emphasis is on identifying ‘exposure’ and ‘vulnerability’ to risk from climate events and on bouncing back from the consequences of such exposures to a normal state, rather than on the dynamic process of transformation to a more desirable trajectory. The study concludes that fostering resilience involves planning for not only recovery from shocks but also cultivating preparedness, and seeking potential transformative opportunities which emerge from change.     

伦敦文学书写中的神性失落——康拉德《间谍》中的城市体验

20世纪伴随资本主义经济的发展,人类出现信仰危机、道德沦丧的神性失落现象。在康拉德小说《间谍》的伦敦城市文学书写中表现了神性失落问题,它集中呈现在维尔洛克先生的店铺、海德公园的一角、大使馆驻地三个城市空间之中。伦敦城建过程中出现的城市与反城市现象、康拉德特殊的伦敦体验是促成《间谍》小说表现神性失落的深刻原由。     

Migration and Innovation at the Bottom End: Understanding the Role of Migrant Managers in Small Hotels in the Global City

Abstract

The paper examines the role of international migration and innovation in small hotels through a comparative study of migrant and non-migrant owners and managers in London hotels. The findings show the dependence of the sector on international managers whose contribution to innovation is understood in relation to the global environment of London, sectoral particularities and complex processes of mobility amongst both migrant and non-migrant managers. Although there is only limited evidence of differences in the levels or types of innovation, international migration is significant in the transfer and dispersion of knowledge, and plays a key role in the incremental innovation processes which are essential to innovation performance in the sector.     

马丁·伊登对生命本质的追求与探索

对于杰克·伦敦及其小说 ,批评界一直褒贬不一 ,莫衷一是 ,用存在主义的观点来解读其最重要的小说之一《马丁·伊登》是一种新的研究方法。《马丁·伊登》通过主人公马丁·伊登在追求美国之梦的过程中对生命本质的思考和探索 ,指出在”微笑着的美国社会”背后所隐藏的东西。在美国历史上最动荡不安的时期 ,杰克·伦敦以他独特的声音道出了对美国社会的叩问以及对人生的思索