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191.
Lorenz curves and second-order dominance criteria, the fundamental tools for stochastic dominance, are known to be sensitive
to data contamination in the tails of the distribution. We propose two ways of dealing with the problem: (1) Estimate Lorenz
curves using parametric models and (2) combine empirical estimation with a parametric (robust) estimation of the upper tail
of the distribution using the Pareto model. Approach (2) is preferred because of its flexibility. Using simulations we show
the dramatic effect of a few contaminated data on the Lorenz ranking and the performance of the robust semi-parametric approach
(2). Since estimation is only a first step for statistical inference and since semi-parametric models are not straightforward
to handle, we also derive asymptotic covariance matrices for our semi-parametric estimators. 相似文献
192.
Dimensions of Social Status in Preadolescent Peer Groups: Likability, Perceived Popularity, and Social Dominance 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
A multidimensional, interdisciplinary model of social status was developed and examined in a sample of 487 fourth, fifth, and sixth grade elementary school students. Participants were clustered into seven subtypes (i.e., High Status, Perceived Popular/Dominant, Well‐Liked/Dominant, Average, Low Dominant/Unpopular, Disliked, and Low Status) based on the dimensions of likability, perceived popularity, and social dominance emphasized, respectively, by psychologists working within the sociometric tradition, sociologists of education, and ethologists. The meaningfulness of the cluster solution was supported by cluster differences on peer‐reported social prerogatives of status (e.g., admiration, social control, leadership) and self‐reported social characteristics. Furthermore, each cluster had a distinct behavioral profile. It was argued that a broader, multidisciplinary conceptualization of social status should lead to a better understanding of the complex dynamics present in children's peer groups in middle childhood as well as the tools preadolescents need to successfully navigate the peer system. 相似文献
193.
Nancy M. Puccinelli Linda Tickle-Degnen Robert Rosenthal 《Journal of Nonverbal Behavior》2004,28(3):211-220
The present studies investigated the effects of target context on judge sensitivity to target felt rapport. The results suggest that judge sensitivity may be increased by: (a) positioning the target to the judge's left so that the judgment task may benefit from the specialization of the right hemisphere for processing nonverbal behavior, and (b) assigning targets to a task unconstrained by social norms that allows for more spontaneous and revealing target behavior. These results have major implications for the way that interpersonal sensitivity and rapport research is conducted and for understanding interpersonal perception in everyday life. 相似文献
194.
The construction of optimal designs for change-over experiments requires consideration of the two component treatment designs: one for the direct treatments and the other for the residual (carry-over) treatments. A multi-objective approach is introduced using simulated annealing, which simultaneously optimises each of the component treatment designs to produce a set of dominant designs in one run of the algorithm. The algorithm is used to demonstrate that a wide variety of change-over designs can be generated quickly on a desk top computer. These are generally better than those previously recorded in the literature. 相似文献
195.
《Marriage & Family Review》2013,49(4):95-122
Abstract Relative effects of both spouses' educational levels on the value parents place on children's conformity were examined. Eight General Social Survey samples, covering the 1970s and 1980s, containing information on 3,005 mothers, 2,634 fathers, and their spouses were analyzed simultaneously. Application of “diagonal reference models” showed symmetric influence. Although own educational level had the larger effect on conformity, the effect of spouse's educational level, particularly the father's, was substantive. Among mothers, interdependence was moderated by mother's employment, and marital happiness. Education of mothers who are the sole breadwinners had a smaller effect on own child-rearing values, than education of mothers who are not the sole breadwinners. In addition, education of happily married mothers had a smaller effect on own child-rearing values, than education of unhappily married mothers. 相似文献
196.
197.
MAHDI MUHAMMAD MOOSA S. M. MINHAZ UD‐DEAN 《Journal for the theory of social behaviour》2011,41(2):203-208
A number of animal species from different lineages live socially. One of the features of social living is the formation of dominance hierarchy. Despite its obvious benefit in the survival probability of the species, the hierarchical structureitself poses psychological and physiological burden leading to the chronic activation of stress related pathways. Considering these apparently conflicting observations, here we propose that social hierarchy can act as a selective force in the evolution of social species. We also discuss its role on social psychology. 相似文献
198.
毛桂荣 《山西大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2012,(5):39-46
文章探讨石泰因(Lorenz von Stein)行政学理论在日本的影响。文章分析石泰因与伊藤博文的相遇,日本"朝拜石泰因"现象的出现,以及石泰因的"宪政"与"行政"相互抗衡的理论如何具体影响明治国家建设。文章重点分析日本行政学对于石泰因行政学理论,特别是"宪政"与"行政"相互抗衡理论的青睐,以及近年来石泰因理论淡出行政学教科书的原因。 相似文献
199.
Patrick Moyes 《Journal of Economic Inequality》2007,5(3):279-303
It is well-known that, when the Lorenz curves do not cross, the ranking of distributions provided by the Gini index is identical
to the one implied by the Lorenz criterion. This does not preclude inequality as measured by the Gini index to increase while
the Lorenz curves cross. A suitable modification of the Gini coefficient allows the Lorenz quasi-ordering to coincide with
the ranking generated by the application of unanimity over the class of extended Gini indices. Recently the Lorenz quasi-ordering
and the underlying principle of transfers have come under attack, while new criteria – the differentials, deprivation and
satisfaction quasi-orderings – have been proposed for providing unambiguous rankings of distributions. We suggest to weaken
the principle of transfers by imposing additional restrictions on the progressive transfers, which take into account the positions
on the income scale of the donors and beneficiaries. We identify the subclasses of extended Gini indices that satisfy these
weaker versions of the principle of transfers and we show that the application of unanimity among these classes generate rankings
of distributions that coincide with those implied by the differentials, deprivation and satisfaction quasi-orderings.
相似文献
200.
薛柏成 《西南大学学报(社会科学版)》2000,26(4)
中华民族传统人生价值观的发展演进应呈显性与潜性两种特征 ,即处于“前台”的儒家人生价值观与处于“后台”的墨家人生价值观 ,它们的发展演进构成了中华民族传统人生价值观的两条主线 ,即“两条线”论。 相似文献