变精度优势粗糙集属性约简择优算法

以从多个粗糙集属性约简中选择最优的约简为目的,分析了作为度量工具的现有条件信息熵在应用过程中的缺陷.借鉴变精度粗糙集理论的思想,在对阈值参数进行二次选择的基础上,提出一种新的条件信息熵.基于新的条件信息熵设计了一种变精度优势粗糙集属性约简的择优算法,克服了现有条件信息熵的不足.理论分析和实践结果均表明了所设计算法的有效性.     

辽宁省农产品出口竞争力的实证分析

为探究辽宁省农产品出口竞争力现状及面临的问题,对辽宁2001--2007年的农产品相关数据进行分析,并与山东省比较,得出辽宁的农产品出口竞争力近几年有减弱的趋势,其原因有农业科技落后、农业生态环境恶化、贸易壁垒日趋严格以及政府监督管理体制缺乏效率等方面,最后提出建立外向型农业基地、完善的农产品质量标准、实施品牌战略等建议。     

Admissibility in Games1

Suppose that each player in a game is rational, each player thinks the other players are rational, and so on. Also, suppose that rationality is taken to incorporate an admissibility requirement—that is, the avoidance of weakly dominated strategies. Which strategies can be played? We provide an epistemic framework in which to address this question. Specifically, we formulate conditions of rationality and mth‐order assumption of rationality (RmAR) and rationality and common assumption of rationality (RCAR). We show that (i) RCAR is characterized by a solution concept we call a “self‐admissible set”; (ii) in a “complete” type structure, RmAR is characterized by the set of strategies that survive m+1 rounds of elimination of inadmissible strategies; (iii) under certain conditions, RCAR is impossible in a complete structure.     

Rumors and gossip as tools of social undermining and social dominance in workplace bullying and mobbing practices: A closer look at perceived perpetrator motives

The impact of ‘bully bosses’ on organizations is well studied and research has established a number of antecedents, correlates, moderators and mediators of workplace bullying and mobbing as well as the impact of the practices on the targets, bystanders, perpetrators and the employing organizations. The current study focuses on rumors and gossip as ‘tools’ used by perpetrators of workplace bullying and mobbing. This study is important because while researchers have generally agreed that rumors and gossip can contribute to a better understanding of different areas of interest to organizational behaviorists and researchers; the role played by the two social processes (i.e., rumors and gossip) have not been adequately interrogated by scholars or practitioners studying organizations. To address this gap in research, the main objective of the current study was to use collaborative and analytic autoethnography (CAAE) in exploring and presenting qualitative empirical inquiry on the dynamics of workplace bullying as perpetrated by ‘bully bosses’ and as characterized by rumors and gossip. The findings and extant literature suggests that depending on: contents, functions, and the situational and motivational contexts, perpetrators of bullying and mobbing may use rumors and gossip: 1) for maintenance of oppression and social dominance; 2) as an expression of envy and social undermining; 3) as a weapon to humiliate subordinates by corporate/organizational psychopaths; and/or 4) as a psychological attempt to close or widen the power gap.     

简爱的荆棘人生路:从"他者"到"自我"

简自幼便忍受着作为“他者”所带来的不确定感,但是她拒绝接受命运的安排,坚持“自我”的独立性。简的荆棘人生路——盖茨海德—劳渥德—桑菲尔德—沼屋—芬丁——充分展现了她对“自我”的不懈追求。简的“自我”形象迸发着女权主义的光芒。小说中看似“不太可能”的情节揭示了最可能的事实:男性统治正是女权主义“他者”困境的根源。     

基于在线评论和随机占优准则的生鲜电商顾客满意度测评

生鲜电商被认为是电子商务领域的下一片蓝海，吸引着各类资本、平台竞相追逐，但目前生鲜电商仍处于发展探索阶段，如何及时准确地把握顾客需求和有效地提升顾客满意度是当前面临的重要问题。本文提出一种基于在线评论和随机占优准则的生鲜电商顾客满意度测评方法：首先，利用生鲜电商存在的大量在线评论数据信息，基于LDA模型提取出在线评论中的主题，作为顾客对生鲜电商满意度的影响因素；其次，构建生鲜电商顾客需求的情感词典，计算在线评论中顾客的情感倾向得分，作为判断顾客满意度的依据；最后，利用随机占优准则，构建不同商品类别中影响因素的随机占优程度矩阵，并应用PROMETHEE-Ⅱ方法给出不同商品类别中影响因素的排序结果。通过爬取天猫网站中不同类别的生鲜商品在线评论信息进行顾客满意度评估的案例分析，验证本文提出的方法的可行性和有效性。结果显示，不同生鲜商品类别中顾客满意度影响因素的重要度排序是不同的。值得注意的是，所提方法也为其他产品或服务的顾客满意度评估问题提供了参考和支撑。     

On preliminary test almost unbiased two-parameter estimator in linear regression model with student's t errors

In this paper, the preliminary test approach to the estimation of the linear regression model with student's t errors is considered. The preliminary test almost unbiased two-parameter estimator is proposed, when it is suspected that the regression parameter may be restricted to a constraint. The quadratic biases and quadratic risks of the proposed estimators are derived and compared under both null and alternative hypotheses. The conditions of superiority of the proposed estimators for departure parameter and biasing parameters k and d are derived, respectively. Furthermore, a real data example and a Monte Carlo simulation study are provided to illustrate some of the theoretical results.     

Quantifying Community Resilience Using Hierarchical Bayesian Kernel Methods: A Case Study on Recovery from Power Outages

The ability to accurately measure recovery rate of infrastructure systems and communities impacted by disasters is vital to ensure effective response and resource allocation before, during, and after a disruption. However, a challenge in quantifying such measures resides in the lack of data as community recovery information is seldom recorded. To provide accurate community recovery measures, a hierarchical Bayesian kernel model (HBKM) is developed to predict the recovery rate of communities experiencing power outages during storms. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated using cross‐validation and compared with two models, the hierarchical Bayesian regression model and the Poisson generalized linear model. A case study focusing on the recovery of communities in Shelby County, Tennessee after severe storms between 2007 and 2017 is presented to illustrate the proposed approach. The predictive accuracy of the models is evaluated using the log‐likelihood and root mean squared error. The HBKM yields on average the highest out‐of‐sample predictive accuracy. This approach can help assess the recoverability of a community when data are scarce and inform decision making in the aftermath of a disaster. An illustrative example is presented demonstrating how accurate measures of community resilience can help reduce the cost of infrastructure restoration.     

关于“文化工业”本质的再思考

"文化工业"理论是阿多诺哲学思想的重要组成部分,其内容蕴含着对于商品拜物教和技术的双重批判。然而,很多学者往往从单一角度入手探求其本质所在,得出的结论虽有合理之处却最终流于片面。事实上,商品拜物教和技术在阿多诺眼中绝非相互隔绝,二者完全可统一于西方哲学"同一性"传统之下。而只有以此为基点进行分析,才能正确揭示出"文化工业"对人类进行双重统治的本质。     

Bayesian predictive distribution for a Poisson model with a parametric restriction

Abstract

Predictive probability estimation for a Poisson distribution is addressed when the parameter space is restricted. The Bayesian predictive probability against the prior on the restricted space is compared with the non-restricted Bayes predictive probability. It is shown that the former predictive probability dominates the latter under some conditions when the predictive probabilities are evaluated by the risk function relative to the Kullback-Leibler divergence. This result is proved by first showing the corresponding dominance result for estimating the restricted parameter and then translating it into the framework of predictive probability estimation.