The Economic Efficiency of Sampling Size: The Case of Beef Trim

The economically optimal sample size in a food safety test balances the marginal costs and marginal benefits of increasing the sample size. We provide a method for selecting the sample size when testing beef trim for Escherichia coli O157:H7 that equates the averted costs of recalls and health damages from contaminated meats sold to consumers with the increased costs of testing while allowing for uncertainty about the underlying prevalence rates of contamination. Using simulations, we show that, in most cases, the optimal sample size is larger than the current sample size of 60 and, in some cases, it exceeds 120. Moreover, lots with a lower prevalence rate have a higher expected damage because contamination is more difficult to detect. Our simulations indicate that these lots have a higher optimal sampling rate.     

两《唐书·李邕传》正补

新旧《唐书·李邕传》对传主叙述互有异同， 并有疏谬。对照两传并利用其它文献， 可以确定李邕的籍里和生卒年； 证明他“补益《文选注》”是讹误； 考辨他仕途坎坷遭遇悲惨不是因为他险躁矜狂， 而主要由于封建官场倾轧与残酷， 他性格主要是刚毅忠烈， 英风豪气； 补充他与李白、杜甫、崔颢等盛唐文坛巨子的交往事迹， 由此表现出的长者风范， 以及他诗文书法作品数量及流传情况     

多孔介质中可压缩混溶驱动问题的特征：混合元方法

本文考虑二维一般有界区域中的多孔介质同可压缩混溶动问题的数值解方法，给出了全离散特征－混合元格，证明了格式的唯一可解性，得到最佳Ｈ－模误差估计。     

Approximate Likelihoods for Generalized Linear Errors-in-variables Models

When measurement error is present in covariates, it is well known that naïvely fitting a generalized linear model results in inconsistent inferences. Several methods have been proposed to adjust for measurement error without making undue distributional assumptions about the unobserved true covariates. Stefanski and Carroll focused on an unbiased estimating function rather than a likelihood approach. Their estimating function, known as the conditional score, exists for logistic regression models but has two problems: a poorly behaved Wald test and multiple solutions. They suggested a heuristic procedure to identify the best solution that works well in practice but has little theoretical support compared with maximum likelihood estimation. To help to resolve these problems, we propose a conditional quasi-likelihood to accompany the conditional score that provides an alternative to Wald's test and successfully identifies the consistent solution in large samples.     

Approximate optimal allocation in repeated sampling from a finite population

Samples of size n are drawn from a finite population on each of two occasions. On the first occasion a variate x is measured, and on the second a variate y. In estimating the population mean of y, the variance of the best linear unbiased combination of means for matched and unmatched samples is itself minimized, with respect to the sampling design on the second occasion, by a certain degree of matching. This optimal allocation depends on the population correlation coefficient, which previous authors have assumed known. We estimate the correlation from an initial matched sample, then an approximately optimal allocation is completed and an estimator formed which, under a bivariate normal superpopulation model, has model expected mean square error equal, apart from an error of order n^-2, to the minimum enjoyed by any linear, unbiased estimator.     

中国区域经济差异源于FDI？——析二次统计误差的形成

 摘　　要:本文比较分析了两项关于FDI与中国区域经济发展差异的研究成果，通过分析这两项成果间迥异的研究结论和相应的近乎对立的政策主张，剖析了实证研究中可能形成的二次统计误差，提请人们从变量选择、模型方法、数据运用等各个方面，全面关注实证研究的客观性和科学性。     

射频六端口OFDM解调器研究

该文提出了一种新的基于射频六端口网络的多频带OFDM解调器。推导了该解调器的数学模型,仿真了用于WLAN802.11a通信系统时,射频六端口网络的本振电平、输入信号电平对解调器性能的影响。研究了射频六端口网络中正交电桥和同相电桥分别存在相位幅度不平衡时和同时存在相位幅度不平衡时解调器误差矢量幅度的特性。讨论了解调器的动态范围、接收性能等指标。结果表明结合当前的MMIC集成水平,使用射频六端口网络可以实现多频带、多制式、多载波的OFDM解调器。     

ON BOOTSTRAP HYPOTHESIS TESTING

We describe methods for constructing bootstrap hypothesis tests, illustrating our approach using analysis of variance. The importance of pivotalness is discussed. Pivotal statistics usually result in improved accuracy of level. We note that hypothesis tests and confidence intervals call for different methods of resampling, so as to ensure that accurate critical point estimates are obtained in the former case even when data fail to comply with the null hypothesis. Our main points are illustrated by a simulation study and application to three real data sets.     

一种准最佳数字传输系统的性能分析与实现

提出一种在数字传输系统中易于实现的发、收滤波器特性的准最佳分配方案:将信道升余弦滚降特性和宽码输入补偿网络特性都以平方根形式均分于发、收两端。分析和计算了这种系统的等效信噪比损失;用计算机优化方法设计了形成滤波器;最后计算了此系统残存符号间干扰所引起的损失。     

一种适用于无线ATM通信的差错控制方案

研究了无线ＡＴＭ通信的差错控制方案，提出了应根据多媒体业务类型、速率等参数，以及移动环境等，自适应地选择合适的差错控制技术和参数的思想。文中提出的差错控制方案主要包括ＦＥＣ（可变深度的交织、卷织码、ＢＣＨ码）和限时／非限时ＳＡＲＱ等技术，计算机仿真结果表明了所提方案的有效性。