Some practical issues in the evaluation of heterogeneous labour market programmes by matching methods

Summary.  Recently several studies have analysed active labour market policies by using a recently proposed matching estimator for multiple programmes. Since there is only very limited practical experience with this estimator, this paper checks its sensitivity with respect to issues that are of practical importance in this kind of evaluation study. The estimator turns out to be fairly robust to several features that concern its implementation. Furthermore, the paper demonstrates that the matching approach per se is no panacea for solving all the problems of evaluation studies, but that its success depends critically on the information that is available in the data. Finally, a comparison with a bootstrap distribution provides some justification for using a simplified approximation of the distribution of the estimator that ignores its sequential nature.     

"移风易俗":中国古代的审美意识形态命题

"移风易俗"是中国古代的审美意识形态命题,它在古代美学史上的发展可分为四期:先秦,荀子基于性恶论,主张以音乐和谐情感的作用,弥补礼义强扭人性的刻意、划一之偏,首次提出具有鲜明意识形态性的移风易俗命题;秦汉之际,<乐记>从理论上进一步突出了命题的意识形态性,而<吕氏春秋>、<淮南子>以道家思想修正并重新解释了该命题;到汉代,由于谶纬迷信的泛滥,命题的意识形态性在董仲舒<春秋繁露>中被相应地神学化,后经<白虎通>的阐释,该命题被正式颁布为官方意识形态;魏晋时期,嵇康从道家自然人性论出发,否定了音乐移风易俗的道德性、神学性及政教性,弱化了命题的意识形态性.     

实施工科院校艺术教育课程目标探议

文章针对当前工科院校艺术教育课程目标存在的主要问题,从对工科院校学生的教育目的和培养目标出发,重新厘定了工科院校艺术教育课程目标,提出构建一套完整的、科学的、适合工科院校艺术教育的学科群,是工科院校艺术教育课程目标得以实施的重要保证.     

Global and multiple test procedures using ordered p-values—a review

This paper reviews global and multiple tests for the combination ofn hypotheses using the orderedp-values of then individual tests. In 1987, Röhmel and Streitberg presented a general method to construct global level α tests based on orderedp-values when there exists no prior knowledge regarding the joint distribution of the corresponding test statistics. In the case of independent test statistics, construction of global tests is available by means of recursive formulae presented by Bicher (1989), Kornatz (1994) and Finner and Roters (1994). Multiple test procedures can be developed by applying the closed test principle using these global tests as building blocks. Liu (1996) proposed representing closed tests by means of “critical matrices” which contain the critical values of the global tests. Within the framework of these theoretical concepts, well-known global tests and multiple test procedures are classified and the relationships between the different tests are characterised.     

教学论学科体系建构的思考

教学论学科体系的建构与发展 ,是教学论学科成熟的标志。加强教学论学科体系的建构 ,首先 ,要从科学化、本体化、中国化三个方面 ,来透视我国传统教学论学科体系所存在的问题 ;其次 ,在教学论学科体系建构时应遵循如下几个方面的原则 :⒈教学论学科体系发展需体现系统完整性、时代性、多样性、独立性几个基本特性 ;⒉教学论学科体系发展必须扩大理论基础 ;⒊教学论学科体系发展应注意体现中国特色 ;⒋教学论学科体系发展应重视和加强教学科学研究。     

论老庄道家的道德教化方法及其文化渊源

在中国历史上 ,老庄道家作为儒家的对立面和补充者 ,其“以事论理”、“以物施教”、“以史为鉴”的道德教化方法曾经使自己的学说有着很大的生存发展空间 ,而这些化民之方既依赖于独特的传统文化背景 ,也与施教主体个殊的生活经历有密切的关系。     

Partitioning with Respect to a Control: Unequal Sample Sizes Case

This article describes a method for partitioning with respect to a control for the situation in which the treatment sample sizes are unequal and also for the situation where the treatment sample sizes are equal except for a few missing values. Calculation of the critical values required for finding confidence limits is discussed and tables are presented for the “almost equal” sample size case. An application of this method to length of stay data for congestive heart failure patients is also provided.     

Multiple Linear Regression Model Under Nonnormality

Abstract

We consider multiple linear regression models under nonnormality. We derive modified maximum likelihood estimators (MMLEs) of the parameters and show that they are efficient and robust. We show that the least squares esimators are considerably less efficient. We compare the efficiencies of the MMLEs and the M estimators for symmetric distributions and show that, for plausible alternatives to an assumed distribution, the former are more efficient. We provide real-life examples.     

Multivariate forests with missing mixed outcomes

In this article, we propose a multivariate random forest method for multiple responses of mixed types with missing responses. Imputation is performed for each bootstrap sample used to build the individual trees that form the forest. The individual trees are built using a weighted splitting rule allowing downweighting of imputed observations. A simulation study shows the benefits of this approach over complete case analysis when missing responses are missing completely at random and missing at random (MAR). In particular, the gain in prediction accuracy of the proposed method is larger in the MAR case and also increases as the proportion of missing increases.     

Model Averaging for Prediction With Fragmentary Data

ABSTRACT

One main challenge for statistical prediction with data from multiple sources is that not all the associated covariate data are available for many sampled subjects. Consequently, we need new statistical methodology to handle this type of “fragmentary data” that has become more and more popular in recent years. In this article, we propose a novel method based on the frequentist model averaging that fits some candidate models using all available covariate data. The weights in model averaging are selected by delete-one cross-validation based on the data from complete cases. The optimality of the selected weights is rigorously proved under some conditions. The finite sample performance of the proposed method is confirmed by simulation studies. An example for personal income prediction based on real data from a leading e-community of wealth management in China is also presented for illustration.