青海藏族与回族群众外出务工的特征分析--以化隆县藏族A村和回族二村为个案

外出务工、出门挣钱是近年来我国西部民族地区,尤其是农村出现的新趋势。青海省化隆回族自治县可以说是我国西部劳动力转移的典范县,2011年6月底就实际转移劳动力9万余人约占县人口的43%。如此大规模的劳动力转移,是否呈现一些族裔文化特征？通过对化隆县藏族 A 村及回族二村主要生计活动的初次实地调研,我们发现,尽管共居于同一县域,都外出务工,但由于语言、信仰等不同,当地藏族、回族在外出务工的地域、时间,从事的行业及具体工种方面均呈现了鲜明特征。在这个物与人全球流动的时代,双方以各自不同的主要生计方式共同印证了文化特征对其生活全面而深刻的影响。     

Contraceptive utilization: profile of the Muslim Arab women in rural Israel

The contraceptive habits of the Arab population in rural Israel was explored by means of a cohort ( n =429) of rural Muslim women, with the aim to compose a profile of the women who practice modern contraception. Self-reported information revealed that only one third of the women apply modern contraceptive devices. Multivariate analysis showed the following independent variables to bear a contributory and predictive value with respect to use or non-use of modern contraceptive means by Muslim village women in Israel: degree of religiosity of the woman, male offspring, extent of modernity within the nuclear family, number of children, occupation of the husband, and adherence to traditional norms by the woman.     

中国东南沿海地区的穆斯林墓葬石刻研究

中国东南沿海的广州、泉州、扬州、杭州以及海南岛曾发现了大量的穆斯林墓葬石刻,它们的出土说明了宋、元时期外国穆斯林留居中国的事实,也说明当时上述沿海港口城市的繁华和吸引力。通过对各地穆斯林墓葬石刻研究,可以展示当时穆斯林的生活、信仰等情况。一些证据表明,当时中国可能存在着十叶派穆斯林。     

Social Work Admissions and Academic Accommodations for Students with Disabilities

ABSTRACT

The Americans With Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA) protects students wth disabilities from discrimination by academic and professional programs in higher education. A student with a disability cannot be denied admission to an educational program because of his or her disability if the student is otherwise qualified. This means that a student with a disability who is qualified for an academic or professional educational program cannot be denied admission to a program based solely on the student&s disability. This educational requirement mandated by the ADA applies to all educational fields including social work education. The purpose of this study was to explore how social work programs are dealing with these requirements in their admission and academic accommodation procedures. Twelve social work programs located in the mid-western United States participated in the study. Representatives of each of these programs were given an in-depth interview focusing on their admissions process, academic accommodations, and general topics related to social work education and disabilities. All programs taking part in the research were accredited by the Council on Social Work Education (CSWE). The CSWE is the national accreditation body for social work education within the United States.     

Development of the Sexual Sensation-Seeking Scale for African American Adolescent Women

ABSTRACT

We used data derived from two independent studies to examine the psychometric properties of a new scale to measure adolescents’ willingness to engage in sexual sensation-seeking behavior. In Study 1, the Sexual Sensation-Seeking Scale for Adolescents (SSSA) was administered to a sample of 715 African American adolescents ranging in age from 15 to 21 years. The SSSA demonstrated strong internal consistency, moderate stability, and satisfactory construct validity. In Study 2, the SSSA data from a subsample of African American adolescent women detained in youth detention centers were analyzed (N = 103). Strong internal consistency was demonstrated with this sample as well. The results indicate that the SSSA is a reliable and valid measure of sexual sensation seeking for African American adolescent women.     

人类学视野中的边缘化穆斯林族群

目前学术界将族群理论引入到我国民族学研究中,给我国民族学、人类学研究提供了新思维、新视角,有助于我国民族学研究的深化和细化。我国边缘化穆斯林族群所表现出的文化特征、族群边界、族群关系及族群认同为这一理论在中国的发展提供了实证个案。特别是边缘化穆斯林在族群互动中所引起的宗教信仰、语言、服饰的变异,说明民族既是一个历史文化现象,又是一个历史发展过程,他不是一经确认就不再发展的事物。     

Relative Spousal Earnings and Marital Happiness Among African American and White Women

The distinctive economic histories of African American and White wives suggest that involvement in household income production holds contextually situated unique meanings for these groups. Yet research has not addressed racial differences in the effects of relative earnings on marital well‐being. Surveying 431 employed wives in 21 U.S. cities, we found that wife‐to‐husband income ratio and marital happiness were negatively associated when women held traditional values, but in racially distinct ways. Among White women only, a negative association between income ratio and marital happiness was reversed when financial need was reported. Findings are discussed in terms of variability in the meaning of wives’ earnings as a function of situational, historical, and sociocultural dynamics.     

清季云南回回学者对伊斯兰教和佛教、道教的比较研究

与云南回族社团出现的适应华夏文化的潮流相平行 ,清季的回回宗教知识界中也出现了以理性态度来理解佛教和道教思想的学术探讨。在比较伊斯兰教和释、道宗教的汉文著述活动中 ,回回学者在捍卫伊斯兰教教义的同时 ,也分析了它们之间宗教思想文化的异同以及相互吸纳和排斥关系。     

从现有民族分布看我国穆斯林聚居区--以甘肃省广河县为例

本文通过运用民族学中的田野调查法,对我国现有穆斯林聚居区进行深入调查后,总结出我国现有穆斯林聚居区形成的原因及宗教、民族迁徙、民族之间的交融、自然灾害、战争等因素对我国现有穆斯林聚居区的形成所产生的影响。并且进一步探讨我国现有穆斯林聚居区的发展、变化。     

早期进藏的美国人

柔克义、史德文和麦戈文是三个早期进藏的美国人,活动于19世纪80年代至20世纪20年代。他们对于当时我国藏族社会生活的方方面面和汉藏两族的关系做了比较客观的记述。其中尤以后来出任美国驻华公使,参与制订美国政府对华门户开放政策的柔克义对于美国政府西藏政策的形成发挥了很大影响。本文依据汉文和英文资料对他们进行了介绍和评价。