An evaluation of school district guidance and counseling programs: Procedures and results

This evaluation examines the administrative history, staffing levels, and content of school district guidance and counseling activities. Case studies were made in a 50% random sample of a district's 45 elementary schools. Eight hundred teachers, parents, and students were interviewed. All school plans were reviewed. Five-year staffing patterns and staff changes were studied. All district staff with guidance and counseling responsibilities recorded characteristics of guidance and counseling contacts for 15 days. Schools with and without counselors were studied to estimate differences in who receives services and what is provided. Results show systematic differences in the level and kind of services provided secondary and elementary students. Approximately one-third of the schools studied had stable programs. Schools with stable programs provided a broader range of services and distributed them in a more equitable manner.     

Corporate support mechanisms for families: An exploratory study and agenda for research and evaluation

Based on telephone interviews with representatives from 16 corporations in the Baltimore-Washington area, this article explores the awareness of corporate officers of the linkages between work and family systems, their perceived responsibility for implementing policies and services that lend support to the family circumstances of employees, and the types of actions they had initiated in their corporations to help employees better balance work and family demands. Study results demonstrate limited awareness among corporate officers toward the work and family interface, employer uncertainty about corporate responsibilities for the family situation and demands of employees, and limited corporate development of family-oriented policies and services. These results are discussed in the context of recent federal initiatives to encourage greater corporate response to the family circumstances of employees. Implications are suggested for further research and evaluation.     

清代北方五省酿酒业的发展

酿酒制曲是粮食加工业的一个组成部分。北方五省有着素称发达的酿酒业。清代这里是国内酒的主要产区。社会生产力的发展，技术的进步，使酿酒业得到了新的发展，酿酒制曲作坊遍及城乡，品种繁多，名酒迭出；同时由于酿酒制曲的主要原料是居民食用的二麦，酿酒用粮与人口口粮用粮发生了尖锐的矛盾。如何解决这一问题，清政府先是采取禁酒政策，后改行限制政策，为后人提供了有益的借鉴。     

Recidivism,Risk, and Resiliency Among North American Indian Parolees and Former Prisoners

Abstract

Using official data, this paper examines recidivism, defined as rearrest over a 3-year follow up period, among a North American Indian First Nation-the Lumbee of North Carolina. Recidivism of the Lumbee, who reside in a tri-county non-reservation area, is compared with that of non-natives residing in the same counties. The working hypothesis was that being a member of the Lumbee First Nation and residing in a “Lumbee county” provides resiliency against the risk of recidivism. The hypothesis was confirmed with respect to violent and drug-related arrests, but not for property and other miscellaneous types of offenses.     

百年前洋山等舟山北片岛屿的交通环境——1921年中国旧海关绘刊“杭州湾及其入口航道图”解析

上海图书馆徐家汇藏书楼收藏有1921年中国旧海关绘刊“Hang Chou Bay and Approaches， including the Southern approach to the Yangtze River”（杭州湾及其入口航道图，含长江南水道）残海图一幅。从地图学术史角度而言，它是一幅具有向近代技术化、民族化过渡痕迹明显的航道图，价值特殊。从图幅内容来看，它全面反映出了20世纪20年代舟山北片群岛的自然环境和社会经济面貌。     

李觏人口思想的基本特征及时代意义

指出李觏人口思想的主要内容是倡导爱民、重民,强调官员要体察民情,要对人民合理分工;统治者应设法让具有劳动能力的人都参加劳作,使适龄男女相亲相爱,居家双乐;在深层地剖析了人性的基础上,李觏的人口思想与其经济、政治、哲学思想及儒家伦理密不可分,善于把握住事物的联系,以此完善发展其人口理论,具有鲜明的时代特征.     

简论各省都督府代表联合会

武昌起义爆发后 ,各省纷纷宣布独立。为适应斗争形势的需要 ,各省代表会应运而生。与会代表在推翻清朝专制统治、建立民国的过程中表现出强烈的团结精神和合作意识 ,在制定建国原则、建立统一政府、指导南北和谈等方面作了卓越有成效的工作。各省代表会是武昌起义至中华民国建立这段历史之间一个不可忽视的环节 ,并对推动辛亥革命的深入发展起了积极作用     

大同北魏平城旅游开发研究

本文以历史文化为出发点,从北魏平城时期的遗迹———云冈石窟、北魏明堂、北魏永固陵等入手,研究大同北魏平城旅游开发。提出了以云冈石窟为主体构建北魏平城文化旅游体系;开发永固陵景区、设立北魏文化博物馆,丰富北魏平城文化旅游体系;完善北魏明堂遗址公园的配套设施,提高北魏平城文化旅游的品位;组合资源以突显北魏平城文化旅游的整体格局等一系列具体措施。     

Southern two-lined salamanders in urbanizing watersheds

Forested riparian buffers are an increasingly common method of mitigating the negative effects of impervious surface cover on water quality and wildlife habitat. We sampled larval southern two-lined salamanders (Eurycea cirrigera) in 43 streams, representing the range of impervious surface cover and forested riparian buffer width across Wake County, NC, USA. Larval abundance decreased with increasing impervious surface cover in the upstream catchment, but was not affected by buffer width. This is likely a result of an incomplete buffer system and culverts or other breaches along streams. Larval abundance increased with detritus cover in the stream to a threshold and then decreased as detritus continued to increase. As percent pebble substrate in the stream increased, especially in perennial streams, larval salamander abundance also increased. We suspect salamanders were unable to migrate with the water column during dry periods in intermittent streams with sedimented interstices below the surface, resulting in low abundances. A combination of increased peak flows and sedimentation, reduced base flow, and chemical changes likely reduces the abundance of salamanders in urban and suburban streams. We suggest creation of catchment-wide, unbreached buffers to maintain the integrity of stream habitats in urbanizing watersheds.     

东北亚区域安全架构:从合作到制度

朝核危机是国际社会关注的焦点,也是影响东北亚地区安全稳定的潜在挑战.为缓解这一危机,相关各方正在通过六方会谈机制寻求解决办法.这是冷战后,东北亚地区各国首次就安全问题进行多边合作,是为构建东北亚地区安全合作框架进行的一次有建设性的尝试.实现东北亚的持久和平与稳定必须要完成东北亚区域安全合作框架从合作模式到制度模式的转换.