“十一五”期间统计学国家社科基金项目分析

 国家社科基金项目为我国哲学和社会科学的研究指引了方向。本文系统分析了“十一五”期间统计学国家社科基金项目从立项到完成的情况,在总结取得成绩的基础上,同时也指出了该学科项目发展中存在的有关问题。     

A mixed-methods evaluation using effectiveness perception surveys,social network analysis,and county-level health statistics: A pilot study of eight rural Indiana community health coalitions

Community health coalitions (CHCs) are a promising approach for addressing disparities in rural health statistics. However, their effectiveness has been variable, and evaluation methods have been insufficient and inconsistent. Thus, we propose a mixed-methods evaluation framework and discuss pilot study findings. CHCs in our pilot study partnered with Purdue Extension. Extension links communities and land grant universities, providing programming and support for community-engaged research. We conducted social network analysis and effectiveness perception surveys in CHCs in 8 rural Indiana counties during summer 2017 and accessed county-level health statistics from 2015-16. We compared calculated variables (i.e., effectiveness survey k-means clusters, network measures, health status/outcomes) using Pearson’s correlations. CHC members’ positive perceptions of their leadership and functioning correlated with interconnectedness in their partnership networks, while more centralized partnership networks correlated with CHC members reporting problems in their coalitions. CHCs with highly rated leadership and functioning developed in counties with poor infant/maternal health and opioid outcomes. Likewise, CHCs reporting fewer problems for participation developed in counties with poor infant/maternal health, poor opioid outcomes, and more people without healthcare coverage. This pilot study provides a framework for iterative CHC evaluation. As the evidence grows, we will make recommendations for best practices that optimize CHC partnerships to improve local health in rural areas.     

Understanding innovation in health program planning and development

IntroductionA need for innovative public health programs is evident as the field adapts to address changes in health priorities and target populations. The Innovative Teen Pregnancy Prevention Program (iTP₃) was created to support and enable innovation in teenage pregnancy prevention, developing programs to reach the most at risk youth.MethodsA formative evaluation was conducted to understand what innovation means in the context of program development, and examine the process of innovation. Qualitative data was collected through baseline interviews with program development teams, referred to as Innovators, prior to the start of the project period and follow-up interviews conducted at the end of a 12-month funding period. Additional open-ended written responses were collected in the middle of the funding cycle. A thematic analysis with an open-coding scheme was used to identify emergent themes.ResultsInnovators considered programs innovative because of the target population of focus, program delivery mechanism, and/or program development approach. They specifically identified that a “culture” of innovation must be present if new programs are to be developed. Over time, Innovators began to shift their definition of innovation toward unique design processes and ecological approaches.DiscussionThrough creating a culture of innovation and utilizing systems thinking, this project provides important insights in how to develop innovations in public health.     

CQI approaches for evaluating management development programs: A case study with health service managers from geographically remote settings

Health systems are known for being complex. Yet, there is a paucity of evidence about programs that successfully develop competent frontline managers to navigate these complex systems. There is even less evidence about developing frontline managers in areas of contextual complexity such as geographically remote and isolated health services. This study used a customised management development program containing continuous quality improvement (CQI) approaches to determine whether additional levels of evaluation could provide evidence for program impact. Generalisability is limited by the small sample size; however, the findings suggest that continuous improvement approaches, such as action learning workplace-based CQI projects not only provide for real-world application of the manager’s learning; they can potentially produce the type of data needed to conduct evaluations for organisational impact and cost-benefits. The case study contributes to the literature in an area where there is a scarcity of empirical research. Further, this study proposes a pragmatic method for using CQI approaches with existing management development programs to generate the type of data needed for multi-level evaluation.     

Utilizing the RE-AIM framework to determine effectiveness of a preschool intervention program on social-emotional outcomes

Social-emotional issues in preschoolers continue to be an area of concern across the nation. Models to determine effective implementation practices are needed. The Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework is one model that can be used to evaluate program implementation in preschool settings. The Jump Start program provided short-term intervention to children in low-income preschools from multiethnic backgrounds. The goal was to promote prosocial behaviors while minimizing problem behaviors. Various evidenced-based practices (i.e., I Can Problem Solve, play therapy, Pyramid Model) were utilized. 305 children from 73 childcare centers participated in the program. The majority of participants were from ethnic minority backgrounds and resided in high-poverty areas of the county. The RE-AIM framework was utilized to determine program outcomes. Results showed successes on each level of RE-AIM with an at-risk population. The Jump Start program significantly increased positive behaviors and decreased challenging behaviors in preschool-aged children. Results indicated medium to large effect sizes. One year following program participation, the majority of children who participated in the program were at decreased risk of special education services and expulsion.     

自由：当代灾疫防治应遵循的伦理原理

当代灾疫防治所遵循的伦理原理,只能是自由原理,因为当代灾疫防治必须进行生境重建才能实现家园重建并开辟生境化的生态文明道路。重建生境,就是实现自然、生命、人、社会的共在互存、共生互生,因而,它必须遵循宇宙律令、自然法则、生命本性。而自由恰恰是宇宙的神圣律令、自然的最高法则和生命的内在本性。     

关于'财政投融资'范畴的认识

'融资'仅仅是一个资金来源的范畴,不是资金运用的方式,放确切地说应称'财政投融资';'投资'是无偿还是有偿,取决于政府预算与财政投融资的关系及财政投融资资助项目的性质;财政投融资应以实现特定政策目标为目的,不一定形成实物资本;以'财政投融资'取代'财政信用',应当以此为契机,使政府的金融活动在运作和管理上走向规范化;'公共信用'的提法比'财政投融资'能更好地反映出政府金融活动的本质特征。     

全民健身体育指导员与高师体育改革

通过全民健身运动中体育指导员的知识层次、专业结构及对高师体育现状的分析 ,提出高师体育改革要适应全民健身运动的发展需要。     

高校基建工程招标问题研究

高校的基本建设要适应建筑市场的运行规律。因此,高校实行招标投标管理,既成效显著,又提高了基建管理水平。高校建筑工程招标一般分设计招标与施工招标两类,主要有公开招标、邀请招标、协商议标三种方式。要严格遵守招标投标工作程序,认真制定招标文件。做好招标工作的策略包括掌握信息、全面测算、公正决标等。     

正确处理四个关系 推进高校反腐倡廉工作

论述贯彻落实《实施纲要》,要正确处理好全面与重点、制度建立与落实、保障知情权和调动监督积极性、惩防体系建设与反腐倡廉各项工作的关系,努力构建惩治和预防腐败体系,推进高校的反腐倡廉工作。