奶牛真胃变位手术疗法的实践与研讨

经多年 30余例的临床诊疗实践证明 ,奶牛真胃变位最有效的疗法是一旦确诊 ,尽早采取手术疗法。详述了奶牛真胃变位的诊断 ,手术治疗步骤 ,并就手术中应注意的问题 ,真胃变位的发病机理与预防进行了探讨     

A shared component model for detecting joint and selective clustering of two diseases

The study of spatial variations in disease rates is a common epidemiological approach used to describe the geographical clustering of diseases and to generate hypotheses about the possible 'causes' which could explain apparent differences in risk. Recent statistical and computational developments have led to the use of realistically complex models to account for overdispersion and spatial correlation. However, these developments have focused almost exclusively on spatial modelling of a single disease. Many diseases share common risk factors (smoking being an obvious example) and, if similar patterns of geographical variation of related diseases can be identified, this may provide more convincing evidence of real clustering in the underlying risk surface. We propose a shared component model for the joint spatial analysis of two diseases. The key idea is to separate the underlying risk surface for each disease into a shared and a disease-specific component. The various components of this formulation are modelled simultaneously by using spatial cluster models implemented via reversible jump Markov chain Monte Carlo methods. We illustrate the methodology through an analysis of oral and oesophageal cancer mortality in the 544 districts of Germany, 1986–1990.     

“下部病”辨正

关于<百喻经·倒灌喻>中的"下部"、"下部病"等词语,<汉语大词典>与一些学者有着不同的解释.只有考释出"下部"一词的准确含义,才能正确地判定"下部病"的含义."下部"一词在佛经和古代医籍中存在着大量的例证,这些例证足以揭示其准确含义为"肛门"."下部病"是与肛门这一身体部位有关的多种类型疾病的通称,而不是具体指某一种特定的疾病.     

大学生先天性心脏病调查与分析

2000—2006年期间对大学生新生体检中发现，新生常见的心脏病为先天性心脏病，常见病种为房室间隔缺损，二、三尖瓣叶脱垂等。体检中发现农村地区生源心脏病检出率高于城市地区生源。体检中还发现近几年心脏病检出率呈下降趋势。     

中医治未病理论对疾病防控的启示和应用价值

中医治未病理论就是以健康为核心,防患于未然,即无病养生以维持健康,欲病救萌以防微杜渐,已病早治以防其传变,病后调摄以防止复发。传统中医药以其丰富的养生保健预防医疗理论基础和实践手段,应用于我国疾病预防控制工作,对于推动我国医疗卫生事业的改革发展,提高我国民众的健康水平,增强综合国力和科技竞争力,具有重要的现实意义。     

肺病隐喻与性别身份建构——中国现代文学中的“肺病”意象分析

肺病是中国现代文学中最常见的疾病意象之一，社会性别作为社会象征系统中重要的文化符码，它与肺病隐喻这一叙事／知识话语系统密切相关。肺病隐喻具有性别化的倾向，这种倾向直接影响了男女两性不同的性别文化身份建构模式。肺病隐喻的男性叙事主要关注肺病的道德内涵和社会化倾向，通过肺病隐喻完成男权社会的主体文化身份的建构，进而由肺病隐喻的审美化、意象化取向实现对女性身体的想象和规训；肺病隐喻的女性叙事割断了肺病与女性身体之间的审美想象，企图摆脱男性叙事的扭曲和遮蔽，实现现代女性自我身份的认同。     

榆林沙地辣椒无公害丰产栽培技术规程研究

榆林市长城沿线风沙滩区，近年大漠蔬菜发展迅速，其中大田鲜辣椒基地已具4万亩生产规模。沙地辣椒不仅产量高、品质好、产品畅销，椒农效益高，而且沙地辣椒病害少，7年来未发生过病毒病和损失较大的其它病害，椒农不施用农药、连茬种植5年照样高产，显示出了沙地辣椒无公害生产的比较优势。研究总结出沙地辣椒无公害丰产栽培技术规程，推广后辣椒生产面积不断扩大，成为高海拔生态型秋辣椒生产基地。     

Statistical studies of infectious disease incidence

Methods for the analysis of data on the incidence of an infectious disease are reviewed, with an emphasis on important objectives that such analyses should address and identifying areas where further work is required. Recent statistical work has adapted methods for constructing estimating functions from martingale theory, methods of data augmentation and methods developed for studying the human immunodeficiency virus–acquired immune deficiency syndrome epidemic. Infectious disease data seem particularly suited to analysis by Markov chain Monte Carlo methods. Epidemic modellers have recently made substantial progress in allowing for community structure and heterogeneity among individuals when studying the requirements for preventing major epidemics. This has stimulated interest in making statistical inferences about crucial parameters from infectious disease data for such community settings.     

Indices of Dependence Between Types in Multivariate Point Patterns

We propose new summary statistics quantifying several forms of dependence between points of different types in a multi-type spatial point pattern. These statistics are the multivariate counterparts of the J -function for point processes of a single type, introduced by Lieshout & Baddeley (1996). They are based on comparing distances from a type i point to either the nearest type j point or to the nearest point in the pattern regardless of type to these distances seen from an arbitrary point in space. Information about the range of interaction can also be inferred. Our statistics can be computed explicitly for a range of well-known multivariate point process models. Some applications to bivariate and trivariate data sets are presented as well.     

Air Nicotine and Saliva Cotinine as Indicators of Workplace Passive Smoking Exposure and Risk1

We model nicotine from environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) in office air and salivary cotinine in nonsmoking U.S. workers. We estimate that: an average salivary cotinine level of 0.4 ng/ml corresponds to an increased lifetime mortality risk of 1/1000 for lung cancer, and 1/100 for heart disease; >95% of ETS-exposed office workers exceed OSHA's significant risk level for heart disease mortality, and 60% exceed significant risk for lung cancer mortality; 4000 heart disease deaths and 400 lung cancer deaths occur annually among office workers from passive smoking in the workplace, at the current 28% prevalence of unrestricted smoking in the office workplace.