中国古代王权稳固的基石——从《孝经》思想谈起

在中国古代社会特定的自然、人文环境下,本是规范家族内部行为的孝跃升为维护专制统治的政治理论武器。集中体现孝治思想的儒家著作——《孝经》,成为历代的治国经典。本文从《孝经》所指导的行为实践和所升华的核心价值两个层面,分析其如何有效发挥作用,进而成为稳固王权主义的坚强基石。     

法学专业学生的能力培养实践环节刍议

法学教育是我国高等教育的重要组成部分 ,如何适应建设法治国家的需要 ,培养具有较强实践能力的高素质法学专业人才 ,是广大法学教育工作者普遍关注的问题 ,也是 2 1世纪对我国法学教育改革和发展提出的要求。从法学专业人才的基本素质特征、能力要求 ,介绍对新世纪我国法学专业人才的能力培养所应抓好的案例、观看、旁听、模拟、咨询以及社会实践环节     

山区贫困人口与资源与环境的关系——武义县下山脱贫实践的个案剖析

近年来,随着我国经济的快速增长,社会各界日益关注山区贫困人口的生存状况,扶贫工作正在向纵深发展。本文针对山区贫困人口的贫困根源和扶贫方式,采取理论分析和实证分析相结合的方法,通过对浙江省武义县大规模的下山脱贫实践的剖析,认为山区人口贫困的导因在于当地资源和环境的制约,而当地人口与资源及环境关系的相互恶化,则是人口贫困的最终原因,因而下山脱贫是正确处理人和资源及环境关系的最佳路径。     

论实践思维

实践是人类特有的生存状态和存在方式,而思维方式是以理论形式表达的人的生存状态与存在方式.随着人类社会实践的发展,以人的全面发展为核心的时代课题已经提出,马克思创立的实践思维方式,由于自觉地表现着人类实践的本性,将会得到普遍的接受和不断的发展.探讨实践思维,在当前处理和解答以人的全面发展为核心的时代课题和全面建设小康社会的实践过程中,具有重要的意义.     

论“三个有利于”标准的历史性

要从理论和实践的具体性、全面性出发来理解和把握“三个有利于”标准,绝不能把“三个有利于”的思想变成不顾具体条件,适用于任何情况的绝对的理论信条。坚持真理的辩证性、实践性,就要实践地、历史地对待“三个有利于”标准,以现代的人本理念和科学精神辩证地理解和把握“三个有利于”标准是时代发展的要求。     

‘You tell all the stories’: Using narrative to explore hierarchy within a Community of Practice1

Recent discussion of the Community of Practice (CofP) ( Davies 2005 ) has suggested that there are certain limitations to the approach with regard to how it accounts for internal hierarchy and community membership. Eckert and Wenger (2005: 588) have suggested that the only way to evaluate such criticism (and avoid building an inappropriately rigid conception of power into CofP theory) is to explore how hierarchies operate within CofPs. This paper offers such an exploration. Using data from a long‐term ethnographic study of a high school in the north‐west of England, this paper will use narrative analysis (drawing upon the work of Labov and Waletsky [1967] 1997 amongst others) to explore the interactional space in which speakers actively negotiate their personal and community behaviour. The analysis focuses upon the role individuals play as narrators of community practice and illustrates that status inequalities between individual CofP members do not necessarily result in inequitable allocation of control within the CofP.     

A quest for form: the tacit dimension of social work practice

This paper presents the findings of a small-scale study of social workers’ tacit understandings. Tacit is conceptualised as, difficult to describe knowledge, taken for granted knowledge or tacitly presupposed and silenced knowledge. The sample comprised 10 social workers employed in a statutory child protection context who participated in three stages of data collection. The research strategy encompassed six techniques: in-depth interviewing, observation, think-aloud, unstructured interviewing, reflective recall, and knowledge mapping. The tacit domain appears to be a rich site for practice understandings, as what practitioners explicitly offer is not a complete account of their knowing in practice. Interpretations suggest that practice may be guided by understandings of which practitioners are frequently unaware. When knowledge remains implicit, its content, level of influence, impact and use remain unconsidered as well. It is crucial, in attempting to gain clarity on any practice activity, that this realm be explored as it contributes to a fuller account of the realities of practice behaviour.     

Evidence-based practice: from medicine to social work

The last 10 years have witnessed an increasing interest in evidence-based practice in the field of medicine. The product of a time characterised by the explosion of information technology, a heightened sense of risk, and the enshrining of the principles of economy, effectiveness, transparency and consumerism, evidence-based practice has rapidly expanded from medicine to other fields, including social work. The new paradigm has generated not only great enthusiasm in many areas of the social work profession but also an intense debate about the transferability of the principles of evidence-based practice from medicine to a discipline that operates amidst particularly complex and multifaceted societal factors. Similarly, the concept of evidence upon which social work practice should be based has been the object of considerable discussion, though initial emphasis on results from randomised controlled trials seems to be gradually shifting towards broader approaches to defining evidence. Although organisational constraints and job pressures are likely to favour the use, among practitioners, of ‘preappraised’ resources, this should not prevent social workers from acquiring the skills and knowledge necessary to make independent and critical appraisal of evidence.     

试论彝族社会传统家庭教育的特点

彝族社会传统家庭教育是指彝族地区没有进入社会主义之前,凉山地区则特指1956年实行民主改革以前的彝族的家庭教育。彝族的家庭教育的产生是彝族社会发展到一定阶段的产物。彝族社会传统家庭教育具有阶层性,等级性、早期性的显著特点,既注重实践,提倡学以致用,又注重言传身教,潜移默化,并根据不同的年龄阶段施以不同的教育内容。     

从实践美学与生命美学的论争和汇流看当代美学的建构

实践美学与生命美学的论争是 2 0世纪中国美学界自 5 0～ 60年代美学大讨论和 80年代“美学热”以来出现的又一次重要的理论争鸣。对此次论争的情况和意义的梳理是迫切而必须的。作者首先提出并论述了实践美学与生命美学的理论资源 ,然后选取实践美学与生命美学的两个典型代表——李泽厚和潘知常 ,以他们为例简明扼要地介绍了实践美学与生命美学的论争情况 ,在历史和逻辑的分析的基础上 ,得出了它们由于与世界性的人本主义美学思潮相呼应尚习 ,且向上接续了中国古典人学美学的这一脉传统而成为中国人学美学的两种当代形态 ,并在对话和互补中实现了历史性的汇流的结论。最后 ,作者初步指出了建构当代人学美学学科的可能性及意义