基于心理账户理论的离合框架效应研究评述

通过回顾心理账户理论对离合框架效应的解释情况,发现已有文献对心理账户理论的支持情况并不理想。可能的原因是该理论的成立存在三个重要前提:不对广告价格信息重新加工;计算离框架各单品价格时,采用加法运算;加总离框架各单品价格时权重相等。消费者特点、商品价格特点以及价格表现形式能影响各个前提的成立。后续的研究,一方面要谨慎应用心理账户理论解释离合框架效应,另一方面要深入探讨已有文献中的争议和尚未研究的问题。     

Issue Framing and Citizen Apathy Toward Local Environmental Contamination

We adapt the frame-alignment perspective in order to demonstrate how institutional framing shapes media coverage of a toxic crisis. This framing activity is described as a new approach to managing public responses to contamination that differs from the approach characterizing contamination episodes at Love Canal and Woburn, MA. Our analysis focuses on the process by which actors responsible for managing toxic crises carefully construct and manage a coordinated risk frame. We refer to this as institutional framing and illustrate how it shapes media framing of a toxic event. We conclude by proposing further research to identify the causal relationship between institutional framing and the absence of mobilization.     

都市空间与电影研究——历史主义与经验实践的空问理论建构

在以现代性讨论为大背景、以尊重空间的乌托邦和反乌托邦理念的历史文脉基础上,电影与建筑理论的关联在逐渐丰富.把对20世纪都市空间变迁的讨论移植到电影化的空间里进行,进而凭借其中的经验和在历史线路上行进的建筑理论呈现的认知之间进行比较和斡旋,应该是重要的理论方式.本文以开放的历史主义研究、实践经验的空间理论建构两个角度展开论述,力求证明都市空间与电影研究这一途径的正当性.     

行为金融学理论述评

20世纪80年代以来,大量的金融研究与市场异象对传统资本市场理论提出了挑战。行为金融理论在整合多学科研究成果,特别是心理学研究的基础上,从投资者的实际决策行为出发,分析与解释金融市场。通过文献研究,文章回顾了有关行为金融学的基本理论与研究,包括前景理论及其他相关理论的发展。此外,对国内有关行为金融学研究特点进行总结分析,并对其今后研究发展提出了设想。     

华兴会与科学补习所同异论

华兴会和科学补习所是两湖地区在同一年内相继成立的两个比较正规的革命团体,因而具有可比性。将两者进行比较研究,找出其同异之点,对于正确认识、评价华兴会和科学补习所的历史地位与作用是具有积极意义的。两个革命团体均具有比较明确的革命纲领;自成立之日起便将武装起义提上了议事日程;两团体密切合作,彼此协同动作,并且已将两湖革命运动与孙中山领导的全国性革命运动联成一体,他们均已成为孙中山在国内较早的朋友和同志,因而具有许多相同之点。但是,两个革命团体设立的组织机构不同,工作的侧重点不同,在会内外联络的方式不同,两个革命团体的归宿也不同。     

Political assessment by international firms: Models or methodologies?

Political risk is defined in terms of managerial contingencies arising from political events and processes. A number of “first-generation” assessment methodologies are reviewed and compared in terms of their degree of structure (explicit model of process) and systemization (formalization of methodology). The paper concludes that, at this point, effective political assessment is more likely to result from explicit specification of causal relationships and implementation of systematic analytical procedures than from development of increased methodological sophistication or elegance.     

Policy simulations with a macroeconometric model of the Indian economy

In this paper, the results of various dynamic policy simulations are analyzed within the context of a macroeconometric model of the Indian economy. The model contains 35 equations and offers a consistent framework for policy analysis. It is considerably expanded on the side of the fiscal sector and usefully incorporates the interdependence between monetary and fiscal sectors and gives due attention to supply side considerations. Magnitudes of effects of sustained policy changes are analyzed for the period 1964–1965 to 1974–1975. Impact multipliers and elasticities are also analyzed. Government expenditures variables and deficit financing are shown to have substantial impact on the system whereas changes in tax-rates, discount-rates, and liquidity ratios for commercial banks are shown to have only a marginal impact. The model is used for exploring the growth potential of the economy in a forecast period of five years under alternative assumptions regarding policy options.     

Are services to prevent foster care effective?

The prevention of foster care became an important issue for child welfare services during the 1970s. Two main types of prevention models have emerged: crisis intervention programs intended to prevent imminent placement and intensive service programs designed to avert those crisis situations that precipitate placement. A critical analysis of several project evaluations leads to the conclusion that neither model has been markedly successful. Low nominal project placement rates seem attributable to inability to predict placements and to client selection biases. From a strictly financial perspective, preventive services have been considerably more expensive than regular services, including temporary family foster care. Data from a new demonstration project in New Jersey illustrate various problems in providing and evaluating preventive services to families referred to protective service agencies. Implications of the findings for prevention programs and policies are discussed, and a new direction focused on truly early intervention with children and families is proposed.     

论朱瞻基的历史地位

朱瞻基是明朝的第五个皇帝,在位期间完成了具有重大意义的"仁宣之治",他在一批老臣的支持和帮助下,完善并确立了内阁制度和巡抚制度,改善并加强了明代的监察和司法制度,同时大力发展了明代的宫廷文化,全面恢复了明代的社会经济,使明朝得到了进一步的巩固和发展.虽然他在某些方面也造成了许多危机和隐患,但从总体上看,朱瞻基仍不失为一个值得肯定的封建帝王.     

Measuring and framing support for universal basic income

We execute an original survey experiment to examine the extent and determinants of support for a nascent policy issue, universal basic income (UBI), in the American public. We explore the effects of how UBI is framed (either in the context of values or the context of policy), finding three key results. First, UBI is primarily a Democratic and liberal policy. Second, negative arguments against UBI move support for UBI more than positive arguments. Third, and surprisingly, respondents are equally affected by both policy-driven and value-driven arguments about UBI. In conclusion, an increase in messaging about UBI is likely to widen existing partisan differences in UBI support. These differences are unlikely to be won over by policy or values arguments.