从民间小戏看乡土社会的民众意识——以太原秧歌为例

有着浓郁地方特色的民间小戏,往往包含着深层的历史文化内蕴,反映着一地的社会民众意识。太原秧歌是产生于古太原县一带的乡土艺术,涵盖了农村生活的风俗人情,民俗文化,虽几近灭亡,但其社会历史价值不容忽视。以太原秧歌为例,从这一特殊的文化载体来看民间小戏与当地社会民众意识的相依互存关系。     

大众文化背景下知识分子的命运

大众文化的发展 ,抹平了高雅文化与通俗文化之间的区别 ,改变了知识价值标准 ,从而使知识分子的地位发生转变。面对大众文化 ,知识分子角色正在多样化。但要发展我国的文化事业 ,必须遵循我国社会主义文化发展的逻辑 ,在先进文化的指导下 ,构建适合我国国民心理需要与身心健康的多元文化。     

以文为诗：余光中诗歌的得与失

余光中的散文家气质使得他的诗歌创作兼有散文文体的长处与缺陷,"以文为诗"的探索既使他的诗歌雅俗共赏,也为中国诗坛提供了新诗发展的一种可能。     

大众文化与新时期小说的通俗化叙事

大众文化生长是一个历时的动态过程,是新时期小说写作面临的一个重要语境,它深刻影响着小说的叙事。从上世纪80年代初刘绍棠的乡土侠士传奇到中后期的王朔写作与市场化的结合,反映了新时期小说叙事背离政治启蒙和精英话语而走向大众的趋势。     

Decrypting cultural nuances: using drama techniques from the theatre of the oppressed to strengthen cross cultural communication in social work students

ABSTRACT

Despite widening participation in social work education in the UK, social work students from black and minority ethnic (BME) backgrounds can find that they have less positive experiences on social work courses than their counterparts. This can happen when courses do not equip students to navigate the subtle rules of communication with service users that are premised on dominant UK values. As a consequence BME students can be assessed as having poor interpersonal skills and poor skills in engaging service users. However, the issue is often more one of cultural differences and high expectations of cultural integration than one of incompetence.

This paper reports on a drama workshop using techniques from the Theatre of the Oppressed to foster awareness of the complexities of cross cultural communication that BME students may face. The workshop facilitates insight into the nuances of culturally informed values that differ from dominant UK values.

Drawing on student workshop evaluations, the authors highlight the positive use of techniques from the Theatre of the Oppressed as a pro-active pedagogical approach to equipping BME students with insight and skill to circumnavigate cross cultural communication in practice and develop awareness of empowering strategies to combat negative paradigms about BME cultures.     

清末民初京剧编演新戏运动及启示

清末民初京剧编演新戏成为近代中国戏曲文化鼎盛时期的一个标志性现象。它至少在四个方面形成了重要的影响：一是成为同时期启蒙运动的组成部分;二是新构了具有“南北差异”的新兴戏曲文化;三是催进了京剧新生代的崛起;四是启发了京剧演出体制的“现代”转型。     

大众文化语境中的异化

早在古希腊时期,异化现象就已经被人们所关注;到了文艺复兴时期,对异化问题的思考已经较为普遍和自觉.对异化问题的学术见解有两类:一是把异化与私有制度联系起来;二是将异化理解为人类生存的普遍形式.异化的根源在于匮乏,生产力的发展、科学技术的进步并不能消除匮乏;异化是人类文明发展到一定程度的必然结果,并将随着大众文化的发展而进一步加剧.     

“戏曲中国”与晚清的“粉墨英雄”想象

晚清对戏曲的"发现"经历了一个颇为复杂的过程:以梁启超为代表的晚清改良派知识分子出于"新民"的目的而提倡的"戏"、"说"合一的"小说中国"理论,已经看到戏曲"剧本"对"营造人心"的作用;而稍后的戏曲研究者对剧场与舞台表演的功能的认识,已经涉及到戏曲艺术与"小说"的差异;民族危机的加剧和"民智"的现状使得晚清的"小说中国"理论遭到搁浅,而"戏曲"因其独特的存在方式,遂成为晚清"中国叙述"的重要载体,晚清知识界对"剧场国家"效应的聚焦由此发生,"粉墨"英雄遂成为"戏曲中国"的主体。     

THE POPULAR IN THE POLITICAL SYSTEM

This paper suggests a systems theoretical re-reading of popular communication and the Popular in the political system. Luhmann' anti-humanist notion of communication helps to reframe the discussion of the Popular: it is not defined by an en- or decoding instance, but by a particular mode of ‘connectivity'. Drawing from heterogeneous material (Mars Attacks!, crowd psychology, theory of democracy), it is argued that the problem of the Popular arises when a functional system has to represent something that transgresses the system' universality. That which the system has to exclude to become a system re-emerges as ‘grotesque hybrid’, thus pointing at a universality that is, on the one hand, an opportunity for a further universalization and, on the other, a threat to the very universality of the system. The ‘Popular’ thus acquires a hybrid position by articulating these two dimensions.     

网络文学批评——建构属于自身的标准

网络文学批评的标准应向精英靠拢,还是坚持大众的立场,似乎都不能令人满意。与精英批评相比,网络批评因对标准学术语体的突破和与创作、鉴赏的密切互动而具有特殊的价值;而＂大众＂批评,它又因自发性而存在着局限。网络文学批评需要元批评研究,这种元批评研究需要避免陷入精英立场或大众立场的对立模式,从批评现象本身求解,做出尽可能客观的认识。