Social Work Field Educators' Views on Student Specific Learning Needs

Each year a significant proportion of students withdraw from placement in time to avoid penalty, while others fail. This article reports on a small field education research project that identified common learning issues for first placement students. Eighteen experienced supervising field educators (FEs), participated in semi structured focus groups, and identified repeat areas of difficulty in student learning that they had managed as supervisors. They also identified strategies that had been efficacious in supporting student learning. The research undertaken in 2010–2011 identified three specific themes relating to difficulties in student learning: specific student characteristics that required additional support; the university/FE partnership; student proficiency in using supervision. The findings suggest that a students' right to privacy must be considered in the provision of educational support, and that support is most effective when there is a strong partnership between the FE and university. In addition, further development of field education pedagogy may be needed to embed theory and skills related to the use of supervision and reflective learning.     

Claiming a Space for International Social Work: Voices From the Field

Despite the rise in interest in international social work, surprisingly little empirical evidence exists outlining the knowledge, values, and skills required of social workers to succeed in the global arena. This qualitative study conducted from the spring through winter months of 2013 involved 10 semi-structured interviews with experienced international social workers triangulated with a content analysis of 52 international job postings. Findings suggest that social work professional perspectives including eco-systemic thinking, social justice principles, strength-based analyses, and foundational skills, such as developing empowering person-centered relationships, exhibiting cultural humility, implementing participatory approaches to research and practice, and demonstrating reflexivity, are not always valued by international colleagues nor sought in job advertisements. Furthermore, upon graduation, MSW social workers may lack key areas of expertise expected of international workers such as program monitoring and evaluation, grant writing, policy development, and communicating with media and high-level officials. Ultimately, the invisibility of foundational social work skills and lack of other technical expertise may not only challenge social workers' competitiveness on the global market but also threaten their maintenance of a professional social work identity over time. The authors provide guidance for schools of social work and accrediting bodies to improve social workers' readiness for international work and strengthen their presence in the international arena.     

“教师资格注册制度”的理论研究与实践

教师资格注册制度已呈现出全国性常态化发展趋向。分析该制度提出的社会背景和政策背景,论述其实施的有效性,阐明其在贯彻中会出现的问题,进而提出笔者对该政策的见解,对于坚持和完善“教师资格注册制度”,具有重要的理论价值和现实意义。     

Path to “Stardom” in Globally Distributed Hybrid Teams: An Examination of a Knowledge‐Centered Perspective using Social Network Analysis

Although distributed teams have been researched extensively in information systems and decision science disciplines, a review of the literature suggests that the dominant focus has been on understanding the factors affecting performance at the team level. There has however been an increasing recognition that specific individuals within such teams are often critical to the team's performance. Consequently, existing knowledge about such teams may be enhanced by examining the factors that affect the performance of individual team members. This study attempts to address this need by identifying individuals who emerge as “stars” in globally distributed teams involved in knowledge work such as information systems development (ISD). Specifically, the study takes a knowledge‐centered view in explaining which factors lead to “stardom” in such teams. Further, it adopts a social network approach consistent with the core principles of structural/relational analysis in developing and empirically validating the research model. Data from U.S.–Scandinavia self‐managed “hybrid” teams engaged in systems development were used to deductively test the proposed model. The overall study has several implications for group decision making: (i) the study focuses on stars within distributed teams, who play an important role in shaping group decision making, and emerge as a result of a negotiated/consensual decision making within egalitarian teams; (ii) an examination of emergent stars from the team members’ point of view reflects the collective acceptance and support dimension decision‐making contexts identified in prior literature; (iii) finally, the study suggests that the social network analysis technique using relational data can be a tool for a democratic decision‐making technique within groups.     

我国司法改革的选择

我国司法改革面临四大核心问题 :司法权是中央化还是地方化 ,是制度改革还是技术改革 ,是立足国情还是强调接轨 ,是统一推进还是各自为政。根据我国司法改革所处的历史社会背景和现有的社会体制 ,以及我国司法体制的现状 ,笔者认为 :我国司法改革的必然选择是 ,在全国统一规划和领导的前提下 ,有计划、分阶段地实行自上而下的渐进式改革 ,改革的目标是建立有限独立的司法体制和制度     

近年来实践真理论研究综述

不能仅从客观性和可知性方面理解真理问题，传统的符合真理论和认知真理论是旧哲学和机械论的真理观，不能反映马克思主义真理观的本质精神。从实践出发，在实践的意义上理解客观真理，建立实践真理论的新形态，是发展马克思主义真理论的重要途径和必由之路。     

知识传统批判与后知识话语之可能

后知识话语的建构首先必须面对合法化与伦理诉求问题,而这一切又无不与作为知识主体的知识分子的知识立场密切相关。如何谋求语用修辞、话语合法化以及知识主体的伦理立场的有效运作,是后知识话语建构的必要途径,也是后知识话语摒弃知识传统而建构自我所不可回避的挑战。     

论法治实效

法治必须追求实效,法治建设如何取得实效是理论和实践界面临的重大课题. 目前相关研究已经实现了从法律实效向法治实效的跨越,已经从定性走向量化研究阶段. 皮尔斯的实效主义思想可以为法治实效理论及实践提供借鉴,实践、实验、检验是法治实效得以实现的三个重要方面. 中国法治建设客观上成效不佳,法治实效研究尚需深入推进. 法治评估既是检验法治实效的方法,也是提高法治实效的一条重要路径. 法治评估应贯穿法治建设全过程. 在法治评估的研究和应用中,要特别强调切合实践、运用实验方法,并保证公众参与.     

Complementary medicines and therapies in clinical guidelines on pregnancy care: A systematic review

BackgroundThere is a need for evidence-based guidance on complementary medicines and therapies (CMT) use during pregnancy due to high prevalence of use and lack of guidance on the balance of benefit and harms.AimEvaluate the extent to which current clinical practice guidelines relevant to Australian healthcare professionals make clear and unambiguous recommendations about CMT use in pregnancy, and synthesise these recommendations.MethodsThe search included EMBASE, PubMed, the National Health and Medical Research Council’s Clinical Practice Guidelines Portal, and websites of Australian maternity hospitals and professional/not-for-profit organisations for published guidelines on pregnancy care. Data were synthesised narratively. Guidelines were appraised by two independent reviewers using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE II) instrument.FindingsA total of 48 guidelines were found, of which 41% provided recommendations that were not limited to routine vitamin and mineral supplementation. There were wide variations in recommendations, particularly for vitamin D and calcium. There was some consensus on recommending ginger and vitamin B6 for nausea and vomiting, and additional supplementation for women with obesity. Guidelines generally scored poorly in the domains of editorial independence and rigour of development.DiscussionThere is a lack of guidance with regard to appropriate CMT use during pregnancy, which may result in less-than-optimal care. Inconsistency between guidelines may lead to variations in care.ConclusionGuidelines should include clear and unambiguous guidance on appropriate CMT use during pregnancy, be based on a structured search of the evidence and informed by stakeholder engagement.     

当代西方知识社会批判思想评析

当代西方知识社会批判论主要从以下几方面对知识社会进行批判:（1）知识社会过快的变化速度使得社会变化的方向难以把握;（2）知识社会有可能导致社会的非群体化,阻隔了真实的人际交往;（3）知识社会中文化滞差的加大,给道德、价值观等精神领域方面带来新的问题;（4）知识社会以知识的拥有量决定阶层的划分,可能导致新的社会分化;（5）知识社会经济的非物质性特点会造成经济的内部空虚;（6）知识社会中知识与信息一体化将引起知识文化品质的降低;（7）知识社会中知识的产业化使知识受商品观念驱使,从而影响了知识自身的形象。这派理论基于结构主义观点,关注知识社会存在的负面效应并反思了知识进步与社会变迁的关系,有助于我们更全面地评价知识社会并在实践中兴利除弊。