The institutionalization of knowledge transfer activities within industry–university collaborative ventures

Due to the changing competitive landscape, organizations must increasingly focus on acquiring external knowledge to advance new technologies. This study examines the institutionalization of knowledge transfer activities between industrial firms and university research centers. Data were collected from 189 firms collaborating with 21 university research centers in the US. Results show that knowledge transfer activities are facilitated when industrial firms have more mechanistic structures, cultures that are more stable and direction-oriented, and when the firm is more trusting of its university research center partner. Implications for both industry and universities, including their effect on firm performance, are discussed.     

《蒙古语谚语数据库》的建立与实现

谚语是人们对自然现象,社会现象长期观察的艺术总结;是用有节奏的语言,完整地表达广大劳动人民的斗争经验和思想感情,富有教育意义的民间语言。目前在谚语数据库中收录了1800个蒙古语谚语,并设计了一套管理系统。谚语供人们学习母语中的丰富词语和典范的表达形式。本文主要介绍了该系统所涉及的工作及意义,设计宗旨及其具体实践的过程。     

论学科全息机制在高等教育中的运用

知识全息是知识系统本质的必然体现,学科全息机制是知识生产的内部运行机制。学科全息机制主要包括：学科研究对象、原理的全息、学科研究方法的全息、学科研究队伍的全息。但是,高校在现实发展过程中的种种不恰当做法,背离了知识系统本身的自组织发展规律,造成了学科的现实发展与知识系统全息发展的矛盾,需要我们通过改革高校不当的组织管理方式、打破以学科分界为基础的院系设置、改变教师落后封闭的思想观念和单一老化的知识结构及改变高校单一的人才培养模式等方面来加以完善。     

Knowledge transfer of the Western concept of quality

This paper addresses one of the issues in contemporary globalization theory: the extent to which there is 'one best way' in which business can be conducted and organizations managed. It uses Czarniawska's 'travels of ideas' model as an organizing framework to present and understand how the concept of 'quality', so important in contemporary approaches to manufacturing and services, and their management, travelled to, and impinged on, a newly opened vehicle assembly plant in Poland. The extent to which new meanings were mutually created in the process of translation is discussed, using ethnographic reporting and analysis techniques commonly used in diffusion research. Parallels between the process of translation as an idea becomes embedded into a new cultural location and the processes which contemporary research has identified as important to organizational learning are briefly discussed in conclusion.     

Perspectives on Intergenerational Aspects of Aging and Diversity

Abstract

This paper considers a number of interrelated dimensions that are crucial to the developing intergenerational field: research, policy, practice and theory. The paper argues first, that research (and indeed evaluation) underlies, and is fundamental to, facilitating and understanding the linkages between practice, policy and theory. It further argues that breaking down the barriers between research, policy, practice and theoryparticularly in terms of the language we use- is key if we are to fully realize the potential of this developing field. An early intergenerational study undertaken by the author is used as a tool to illustrate some of the ways in which the field has progressed over the last twenty years. The paper concludes with thoughts and suggestions about the dilemmas and challenges remaining for those in the field.     

儒家道德修养论与社会主义核心价值体系建构

儒家道德修养论强调个体修养的自觉性和主动性,提倡内省、内讼、慎独、居敬穷理、省察克治和躬行实践的修养方法,以及内圣外王的修养境界等,在今天仍然具有一定的参考价值。批判地继承儒家道德修养论的合理因素,为社会主义核心价值体系建构提供有效的实践路径和方法论借鉴：提倡德性养成,把社会主义核心价值体系理论转化为全民的德性;注重知行结合,把对社会主义核心价值体系的认识转化为全民的自觉行为;树立先进价值典范,引导人民群众践行社会主义核心价值体系。     

Notes on contributors

Ethics is a central area for professional education in social work. The main educational strategies for the ethics component in social work programmes are often a combination of explicit attention to principles and implicit grounding in practice examples (such as ‘case study’ vignettes). These approaches equip students to recognise and respond to the complexities of ethics in practice. However, they may also encourage students to understand ethics as ‘rules of conduct’, in which there are ‘correct answers’ that can be learned and applied. This paper advances the view that it is more helpful to consider ethics as a ‘framework for thinking’ about the means/ends relationship in practice. It is argued that, as a consequence, the goal of ethics education should be to enable student social workers to grasp the inherently moral nature of practice and the ambiguities that follow from this. Such a position points to the paradox of social work education, that it involves teaching about things that cannot ‘exist’ separately from their being created in action. To explore this paradox in teaching ethics, the paper considers inductive approaches in learning as a way of responding to the ambiguities that are inherent not only in the subject but also in the experience of professional education.     

人的本质再探

通常认为，人的本质，在其现实性上，它是一切社会关系的总和。从现实社会关系的总和出发把握人的本质，是把握人的本质的途径和方法，但不是人的本质本身。通过揭示并论证人是思维与存在的矛盾存在，实践是人的存在方式，进而论证了人的本质是在实践中展开着的思维与存在的矛盾存在，并初步揭示了“人的本质新论”的哲学功能。     

地理空间与利益群体：论社区在我国的实践形态

我国的社区建设使得社区这一理论概念在政府的推动之下进入了实践状态。本文认为政府与学界对社区的地理要素和群体要素在理解上的不同意趣及其所产生的张力决定着社区在我国的实践形态，并一直影响着我国社区建设的进程；与此同时，两者的理解也存在一些需要进一步讨论的问题。