Parent–child gender matching and child psychological adjustment after divorce

The present study aimed to determine whether a parent–child gender match would influence child psychological adjustment after divorce. Participants included 69 parents (36 mothers) in active family law litigation to resolve issues related to postdissolution of marriage or time-sharing matters. Participants provided demographic information and completed the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL; Achenbach, 1991 Achenbach, T. M. (1991). Manual for the child behavior checklist/4–18 and 1991 profile. Burlington, VT: Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont. [Google Scholar]) to assess their perceptions of their child’s internalizing and externalizing behavior problems. Results demonstrated that internalizing and externalizing behaviors were not affected by whether children spent more time with the same gender parent, opposite gender parent, or split their time equally between both. Comparisons and contradictions between the results in this study and existing research are discussed, as well as practical implications.     

Parenting perceptions among college students: A qualitative examination

This study assessed the knowledge and attitudes of young adults without children in regard to discipline and parenting practices. A qualitative design was utilized (n?=?26) with semistructured focus groups. Results indicated participants believed discipline is important, with spanking and loss of privileges being the most effective strategy for behavior change. The majority of participants reported plans to discipline future children the way in which they were disciplined, suggesting a high percentage intend to utilize spanking. Findings suggest that personal experiences shape parenting beliefs, attitudes, and knowledge. Results inform efforts at educating future parents on appropriate parenting practices and indicate the need for protocols for young adults to educate about practices that may diverge from their personal experiences.     

Sexual objectification decreases women’s experiential consumption (but not material consumption)

The current investigation examined our prediction that sexual objectification decreases women’s experiential consumption but not material consumption. Three experiments provided converging support for this prediction. In particular, female participants reported lower tendency to engage in experiential consumption after recalling a past experience of objectification (Studies 1 and 3) and chose a material product over an experiential one after receiving objectifying comments (Study 2). Furthermore, Study 3 found that sexual objectification reduced purchase inclination of experiential products, and this effect did not emerge for material products. These findings contribute to the literature on sexual objectification by showing the impact of sexual objectification on women’s economic decisions and behaviors.     

Comparison of Two Psycho-Educational Interventions Aimed at Preventing HIV and Promoting Sexual Health Among Portuguese Women

This study compares the efficacy of 2 psychoeducational interventions—ACCENT skills-based and didactic information only—to prevent HIV among Portuguese women. At posttest and follow-up, participants in both intervention groups (n = 127) were more knowledgeable about HIV than at baseline. Although both intervention groups showed an increase in self-reported condom use over time, differences were marginally stronger in the ACCENT group. Both intervention groups showed more positive results than the non-intervention control group (n = 33). The study suggests that HIV prevention interventions can produce significant changes when they target a set of knowledge, social, and cognitive variables relevant to sexual behavior change.     

Accounting for the Performance of Environmentally Significant Behavior: The Symbolic Significance of Recycling

The scientific community has pronounced climate change unequivocal and its consequences disastrous. Yet Americans' behavioral response to the global social problem of environmental degradation has been largely confined to the individual act of recycling. This article examines why Americans are not doing more to address climate change and other environmental issues. Taking a cognitive sociological perspective, I describe how Americans think about environmental issues and pro‐environmental behavior. I draw on Swidler's concept of a “cultural tool kit,” to examine the cultural narratives Americans use to account for the small amount of pro‐environmental behavior they perform. The act of recycling functions as a synecdoche for pro‐environmental behavior in general, allowing individuals to over‐claim the significance of a modest amount of pro‐environmental behavior. I argue that Americans' failure to engage with environmental issues at a collective level is rooted in the individualized culture of American environmentalism.     

Self‐Esteem,the Fear of Crime,and the Decision to Protect Oneself From Victimization

This research extends prior work that examines self‐esteem as an outcome of protective behaviors against crime victimization by focusing instead on the moderating influence of self‐esteem on the relationship between the fear of crime and the decision to protect oneself from victimization. The fear of crime is conceptualized as two separate components (fear of victimization and perceived risk) in accordance with prior work. Self‐esteem is conceptualized as three separate components (worth, efficacy, and authenticity), and measured with a recently designed instrument for capturing each aspect of self‐esteem separately. Data are collected through surveys of a population at high risk for victimization (undergraduate college students). Logistic regression analyses demonstrate that self‐esteem does play a role for deciding whether to engage in protective behaviors, and that the specific components of self‐esteem moderate defensive behavioral outcomes differently. Specifically, the self‐worth, self‐efficacy, and authenticity components of self‐esteem influence the decision to carry protection, but not the decision to take a self‐defense class. Implications for both the fear of crime and self‐esteem literatures are addressed.     

行为责任价值存在样式的几种演变

行为责任存在的演变经历了道德律、伦理性以及社会性等几种样式。道德律排斥了行为责任实践性的一面,将价值的产生归结于道德律,这意味着行为主体在实践过程中失去了主动性、自为性,行为责任价值的应然性取决于对道德律的服从。社会存在形式的去魅化,价值标准从终极型存在形式转化为实践中伦理应然性的存在。伦理的价值应然性要求行为主体将行为责任价值产生划归己有,重新回归行为主体实践价值之中,并通过主体自为性与行为主体之间理性价值关系得以确立。现代社会的价值要求,标准行为责任价值存在的真正实现必然要通过行为主体将行为责任的应然性委托于社会,并最终以社会价值的形式加以表达,应然价值的行为责任存在形式得以超越,实现自我价值存在的延伸即行为责任社会价值的真正实现。     

“大一”新生思想特点及行为倾向浅析——对河北大学化学系1999级新生的问卷调查

根据第一手调查资料 ,分析了河北大学化学系 1999级新生在学习、生活、交往、思想方面的特点、成因 ,在此基础上 ,提出高校学生工作应采取的对     

消费升级下在线信任及其对在线消费行为的影响研究

以消费者购买决策理论为基础,探讨消费升级下在线信任及其对在线消费行为的影响,选取商家声誉、物流服务质量、平台功能和促销活动四个维度进行分析.研究表明:在线信任、物流服务质量、平台功能以及促销活动对在线购买意愿的正向影响显著;此外,在线信任在物流服务质量、平台功能以及促销活动对在线购买意愿的影响中起到部分中介作用,在商家声誉对在线购买意愿的影响中起到完全中介作用.当前,在消费升级环境下,线上零售商应注重声誉的打造,通过提高在线信任来降低减轻消费者风险,同时在运营中优化线上购买流程和商品陈列设置,精准匹配促销信息,保持顾客感知优势.     

杜甫处世为人特征论略

杜甫被公认为中国古代影响最大的诗人,主要源于为诗、为人两个方面．本文由其处世为人角度切入,对其思想基础、处世表现及其真实自我面貌进行了分析阐释．在对杜甫充分肯定的同时,也对其为人处世的某些表现提出了新的看法,意在为全面正确地认识杜甫提供一些借鉴．