中西部地区生殖健康家庭保健服务能力建设项目实践的启示

中日合作"加强中国中西部地区生殖健康和家庭保健服务能力建设项目"通过在农村深入开展生殖健康和家庭保健服务的成功实践,显示出在多个层面上的重要意义:探索了人口和计划生育系统提供农村公共服务的有效途径;有利于人口和计划生育工作在体制机制上创新;推动了人口计生工作队伍职业化建设,体现了统筹解决人口问题的发展方向;显现出国际合作项目为整体工作服务的意义和作用.     

教学活动中社会工作专业教师的角色定位

社会工作专业的教学活动,不仅要使学生建立社会工作专业的理论基础,更重要的是要使学生把理论和概念转化为可应用的实务技巧,使大学生树立专业的价值理念,确立专业认同感和专业自豪感,以及如何有效的运用社会工作的价值理念,帮助人们解决各种困惑,提高人们生活质量的能力。所以说,社会工作专业教师应该树立起多重的角色意识,并不断进行多重的角色整合,以推动社会工作专业的发展和专业教学水平的提升。     

机构照料青少年社工介入案例分析

机构照料中的青少年是社会中常见的特殊群体,他们一方面由于特殊的生活经历,在行为模式、感情认知、心理倾向等方面存在偏差;另一方面机构照料存在一些缺陷,很难保证他们的健康成长。为使他们正常成长,社工的介入在此显得十分重要。本文作为社工介入该群体的一个案例,运用团体社会工作的方法,从优势视角出发,帮助T市康教中心来自不完整家庭的的七名青少年,发掘潜能,提高能力,以此实现"助人自助"。     

社会工作教师专业化发展之方向:成为有效的督导

督导是社会工作服务体系中的重要角色,也是社会工作教育者专业化发展的趋势与方向。对于社会工作专任教师而言,成为督导不仅能够适应培养学生的任务要求,同时也适应于内地社会工作模式本土化的宏观需要并促进教师在社会工作专业领域内的自身发展。在此基础上,本文对如何促进社会工作教师成为有效的督导进行了尝试性的分析。     

社会管理背景下拓展社会工作专业方向的思考——基于重庆科技学院2011级社会工作人才培养方案改革实践

目前我国社会工作专业教育在不断探索中发展,但到目前都还不能确定地说中国的社会工作专业教育有了确定的方向。专业社会工作是嵌入在一定的社会、经济、文化和政治体制之中的,社会工作专业人才培养也必须紧密结合一国的政治、文化和社会管理体制及发展变化。根据我国加强和创新社会管理体制改革要求,文章首先分析社会工作与社会管理的关系,两者在理念、方法及内容上都有着密切联系。然后在重庆科技学院2011级社会工作人才培养方案研制过程中,将社会工作纳入中国特色社会主义和谐社会建设的管理与服务工作这个范畴。所以,社会工作专业人才培养模式在大社工理念下,可以尝试建立两个专业方向:社会管理方向和社会服务方向。     

我国妇女社会工作职业化的困境与出路

当前,传统妇联组织大包大揽的政治行政化格局、较低的专业社会认同度、缺乏相应的工种编制及职业认证制度、专业培养水平不高等问题,限制了妇女社会工作职业化的步伐。对此,有必要从制度、政策、社会、教育等各种层面和领域来促进和提高妇女社会工作的社会化、专业化、本土化,进而实现职业化的目标。     

城市老年人长期照护社会支持体系的构建

为了满足城市老年人的长期照护需求,需要根据老年人的活动能力缺失状况和特点,建立一个社会支持体系,以老年人自助互助为中心,以家庭和邻里支助为基础,以社区居家养老和机构养老为依托,以社会团体和组织资助为补充,以国家和政府政策为保障,以志愿者服务为纽带。     

Reexamining the Nurse Scheduling Problem: Staffing Ratios and Nursing Shortages*

Legislators at the state and national levels are addressing renewed concerns over the adequacy of hospital nurse staffing to provide quality care and ensure patient safety. At the same time, the well‐known nursing shortage remains an ongoing problem. To address these issues, we reexamine the nurse scheduling problem and consider how recent health care legislation impacts nursing workforce management decisions. Specifically, we develop a scheduling model and perform computational experiments to evaluate how mandatory nurse‐to‐patient ratios and other policies impact schedule cost and schedule desirability (from the nurses' perspective). Our primary findings include the following: (i) nurse wage costs can be highly nonlinear with respect to changes in mandatory nurse‐to‐patient ratios of the type being considered by legislators; (ii) the number of undesirable shifts can be substantially reduced without incurring additional wage cost; (iii) more desirable scheduling policies, such as assigning fewer weekends to each nurse, have only a small impact on wage cost; and (iv) complex policy statements involving both single‐period and multiperiod service levels can sometimes be relaxed while still obtaining good schedules that satisfy the nurse‐to‐patient ratio requirements. The findings in this article suggest that new directions for future nurse scheduling models, as it is likely that nurse‐to‐patient ratios and nursing shortages will remain a challenge for health care organizations for some time.     

成人高等教育专业导师制学生管理模式初探

文章对如何在成人高等院校实施专业导师制学生管理模式进行了探讨,指出专业导师制能适应成人高等教育业余学习的特点,并对继续教育的顺利发展起到积极作用。     

Managing risk under the children act 1989: Diversion in child care?

The idea of diversion has dominated the theory and practice of juvenile justice for some time. Developments in child care practice in the 1980s mirror those which produced diversion. Diversion provides an alternative conceptual framework within which the changes to child care law introduced by the Children Act 1989 can be analysed, particularly the interrelation of s.1(5), the so-called non-intervention principle, and Part III, which establishes the duty of local authorities to provide services for children in need. These provisions and current child care practices may be seen to promote four distinct forms of diversion: (1) diversion from court; (2) diversion from care or residential provision; (3) diversion from procedures; and (4) diversion from social work. Examining the law and practice in terms of diversion focuses on the potential gains and losses resulting from the Children Act's emphasis on partnership, planning and bureaucracy without presuming that losses will be compensated for by the provision of services. It also suggests the need to consider child care in terms of net widening and tariff raising.