人员绩效考核实践中存在的问题及有效策略研究——兼论MXL公司分层滚动绩效考核实施效果

论述了企业人力资源绩效考核研究及实施现状。对目前人力资源考核体系中存在的诸如缺乏公正合理的考核制度、考核定位模糊并存在偏差、绩效指标的确定缺乏科学性、考核主体与客体关系设置不合理等问题进行了分析,并从绩效考核体系的战略把握、设置科学的动态考核体系以及排除考核中的情感因素等方面提出了初步的应对思路。最后以MXL(Mutuals For Xaloy Loop)公司的分层滚动绩效考核为案例对人员绩效考核中存在的具体问题进行了分析。     

An Approach to Assessing the Impacts of Incident-Free Transportation of Radioactive Materials: I. Air Transportation

Annual radiation doses and risks to passengers and crew are calculated for shipments of radioactive materials in passenger aircraft under accident-free and incident-free conditions (i.e., under normal transportation conditions). The 1982 database developed by Sandia National Laboratories is used, and calculations are made using RADTRAN 4.0. This paper is one of two papers estimating radiological risk associated with incident-free transportation of radioactive materials.     

How Do Cancer Risks Predicted From Animal Bioassays Compare with the Epidemiologic Evidence? The Case of Ethylene Dibromide

Cancer risks for ethylene dibromide (EDB) were estimated by fitting several linear non-threshold additive models to data from a gavage bioassay. Risks predicted by these models were compared to the observed cancer mortality among a cohort of workers occupationally exposed to the same chemical. Models that accounted for the shortened latency period in the gavaged rats predicted upper bound risks that were within a factor of 3 of the observed cancer deaths. Data from an animal inhalation study of EDB also were compatible with the epidemiologic data. These findings contradict those of Ramsey et al. (1978), who reported that extrapolation from animal data produced highly exaggerated risk estimates for EDB-exposed workers. This paper explores the reasons for these discrepant findings.     

Protectionism and real wage rigidity: A discussion of the macroeconomic literature

The paper discusses the macroeconomic literature on the relationship between real wage rigidity and the case for protectionism. First, it gives an account of the analytical arguments that lie behind the protectionist position of the Cambridge Economic Policy Group (CEPG). Then, it provides a critical appraisal of the model of the CEPG; the discussion is focused on its supply side, on the role it assigns to financial markets as well as on the issue of retaliation. Finally, the paper considers and evaluates the subsequent work by Eichengreen, which incorporates aggregate supply and wealth effects into the CEPG analysis.     

Stochastically Modeling Listeria Monocytogenes Growth in Farm Tank Milk

This article presents a Listeria monocytogenes growth model in milk at the farm bulk tank stage. The main objective was to judge the feasibility and value to risk assessors of introducing a complex model, including a complete thermal model, within a microbial quantitative risk assessment scheme. Predictive microbiology models are used under varying temperature conditions to predict bacterial growth. Input distributions are estimated based on data in the literature, when it is available. If not, reasonable assumptions are made for the considered context. Previously published results based on a Bayesian analysis of growth parameters are used. A Monte Carlo simulation that forecasts bacterial growth is the focus of this study. Three scenarios that take account of the variability and uncertainty of growth parameters are compared. The effect of a sophisticated thermal model taking account of continuous variations in milk temperature was tested by comparison with a simplified model where milk temperature was considered as constant. Limited multiplication of bacteria within the farm bulk tank was modeled. The two principal factors influencing bacterial growth were found to be tank thermostat regulation and bacterial population growth parameters. The dilution phenomenon due to the introduction of new milk was the main factor affecting the final bacterial concentration. The results show that a model that assumes constant environmental conditions at an average temperature should be acceptable for this process. This work may constitute a first step toward exposure assessment for L. monocytogenes in milk. In addition, this partly conceptual work provides guidelines for other risk assessments where continuous variation of a parameter needs to be taken into account.     

Older People and Permanent Care: Whose Decision?

This paper looks at decision making when older people enterpermanent care, and focuses on power issues. The recent pastis reviewed and related to aspects of the current picture. Dementiaand capacity are a specific focus. The complexities of the workfor practitioners, together with their sometimes difficult workingenvironments, engender a climate which can be counter productiveto protecting the self-determination of older people.     

实践理性:高等教育评价的哲学审视

分析了我国当前高等教育评价研究的现状,论证了高等教育评价哲学审视的必然性,在此基础上提出了构建具有实践理性这一理论特质的高等教育评价观,并对高等教育评价的主体观、客体观、形式观、方法观、工具观、标准观、功能观等方面做了逻辑走向的展望。     

行动研究：一种促进校本教师培训的有效途径

校本教师培训是针对以大学或教育机构组织的教师培训活动严重脱离实际、效果不佳而出现的一种新的培训模式,它能够解决教育理论与实践"两张皮"的问题;而行动研究是一种将行动与研究结合起来的研究活动,它最根本的目的是为了解决实践中的问题,改善实践的质量.因此,以"行动研究"作为校本教师培训的基本途径,能够有效地保证培训的效果,提高培训的质量,也能够有效地促进教师的专业发展.     

国外老年社会学理论研究综述

国外的老年社会学理论主要有:撤退理论、活动理论、生命周期理论和社会交换理论等。主要探讨了老年阶段与其它生命阶段的关系和老人对老年生活的不同反应或态度两方面问题。