Yanks vs. Brits

Field visits to a random sample of 103 retirement homes in Oxfordshire, England, and Washington State reveal 49 statistically significant differences. Findings include: in England, more homes have a resident manager; generally, more of the resi- dents are local people; they are older and more feeble but walk more; facilities and services are more modest and cost less; tenants are not as involved in common activities; however, they have more free- dom. In America, the building usually is newer; it is more secure from outsiders; it costs more to live there; transportation is better; there are more opportunities for social interaction among residents; they have more voluntary associations and power; tenants haven't been in the home as long; and fewer married couples live in it.     

著名文学批评家奥尔特论《苍白的火》

本文指出,美国当代著名文学评论家奥尔特经过细致研究,对《苍白的火》这一堪称颠覆以往小说形式的独创作品给予了深入解析。奥尔特认为,《苍白的火》是当代自我意识小说的一个重要作品,始自塞万提斯的自我意识行为的双重性以及照镜子般的自我意识设计,在纳博科夫这部小说中无处不在,而且达到登峰造极的程度,即真实的和幻觉的、准确的和歪曲的、直接的和魔幻的感应均随处可见。《苍白的火》的四个板块的结构,堪称嬉戏般的循环式感应的构建。     

Restorative Environments in Later Life

Abstract

This study proposes an analysis of restorative experiences of 192 elderly persons living in Rome. Perceived restorativeness of natural and built environments was examined, considering the influence of the social context of restoration and the activities performed in the environment. Restorativeness emerges as a consequence of complex person-environment transactions, in which place-specific processes occur. Moreover, a different influence of social interaction in natural and built environments was clearly identified; conversely, activities performed in the environment did not show a significant effect on perceived restorativeness. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.     

宅基地使用权审批制度研究

农村的实际情况与法律规定的审批制度有较大的差距,宅基地使用权审批制度应该从实用性和中国国情出发。县级土地行政管理部门对宅基地使用权审批行为应当是以依职权确认为主、依申请确认为辅的行政确认。体制改革应贯彻村级组织决定原则,县级审核、省市规划、加强监督原则,加强宣传教育原则。     

The importance of selected housing features at various stages of the life cycle

The spatial environment of the home is an important factor in the consideration of satisfactory housing for families. With the increasing demand for housing, it has become common to simply provide the basic structure without addressing the various wants and needs of individuals and families. It is the purpose of the study reported here to evaluate the importance of specific housing features based on stage in the family lifecycle. Results show that those features with the highest importance involve low maintenance, aesthetics, and environmental quality. Implications for home designers, educators, and consumers are discussed.Kathleen Ann Lodl is an Instructor in the Department of Consumer Science and Education, 128 Home Economics, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583-0801. Her research interests include housing design, residential alterations, and female-headed households. She is currently working on a Ph.D. from the University of Nebraska.Betsy S. Gabb is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Textiles, Clothing and Design, 226 Home Economics, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, NE 68583-0802. Her research interests include housing design and residential space use. She received her Ed.D. from the University of Nebraska.E. Raedene Combs is a Professor in the Department of Consumer Science and Education, 134 Home Economics, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583-0801. Her research interests include housing designs for special populations and families at risk. She received her Ph.D. from Purdue University.     

Adults in Wilderness Treatment: A Unique Application of Attachment Theory and Research

Research shows how an understanding of adult attachment applies to clinical treatment, such as outpatient therapy, but no literature explores the application of adult attachment to wilderness therapy, a distinct type of residential treatment. This paper explores how an understanding of adult attachment applies to wilderness therapy clients, as the nature of wilderness therapy involves losses, separations, and reunions, all of which evoke attachment needs. Adult wilderness treatment exemplifies an effective method of treatment that provides a secure base and supports healthy attachment relationships.     

On the margin? Residential child care in Scotland and Finland

Situated on the margins of Europe, Scotland and Finland are small countries which share similar demographic and economic profiles. In many European countries, residential child care can also be considered to be ‘on the margin’ of child care provision; there is ambivalence about residential care and a view that it should be used as a last resort. This paper examines systems and practices of residential care in Scotland and Finland, locating these in the context of wider child welfare policy in both countries. The underpinning principles of child welfare provision in both countries are similar—based on children's rights and primarily family-focused. In both countries there are also similar concerns about the fragmentation of child care provision and the cost of residential services. However, there are also important differences relating to child welfare provision and the use of residential care. In Finland, overall numbers of children in residential care are much greater than in Scotland; the age profile of these children and young people is very different; and the two countries vary markedly in the use of secure accommodation and custody. This comparative analysis suggests new ways of understanding the similarities and difference in the use of residential care in the two countries. It highlights the continuing challenge to develop residential care as a positive and integral part of a continuum of care services.     

现象学视野下《死火》的时间意向性

鲁迅名篇《死火》的时间意识具有现代品质。“空无的时间”和“充实的时间”是其并存的两种时间经验，它们分别体现了两种不同的意义建构模式。“抛入的此在时间”和“断裂的梦幻时间”是其共有的两种现在的瞬时类型，时间经验在当下瞬时呈“空间化”的聚集和撒播形状。从相对中看取绝对、虚无与实有的转化生成的时间“辨证性”，是其“中间物”意识的内核。     

“Kids and Fires Are No Match”: Fire and Trauma Prevention for Teen Parents

The purpose of this work was to adapt findings from current research into a clinical intervention. A structured, prevention oriented presentation/discussion was developed along with a brief pre and post test measurement tool. The intervention goal was to help teen parents (N = 124), from high schools and job training centers, focus on the preventive issues of fire safety and trauma prevention for themselves and their children after a difficult life event. Findings included a significant increase (<.001) from pre to post test on intent to make their homes fire safe and to understand the importance of emotional support for themselves and their children at differing developmental ages. Unexpectedly, the comparison group of 81 adults from community programs, though starting with higher scores (p < .01) also showed significant improvement (p < .001) on these measures. It is important for social workers to adapt clinical research findings for dissemination.     

居民生活用电特征与影响机理

近年来我国家庭生活领域碳排放增长迅速,其中电力消费增长是导致家庭碳排放增加的重要原因。本文利用在上海地区开展的居民生活碳消费调查中的居住用电数据,分析了上海市常住居民家庭用电的特征和影响机理。样本中,上海户均年用电量为2184.6kWh,标准差为1398.5kWh,用电基尼系数为0.32,此外生活用电量呈现冬夏高、春秋低,且冬夏两季用电量的离散程度高于春秋两季的现象。回归模型显示上海居民生活用电受到人口规模、收入水平、居住面积、低碳态度和用能习惯的显著影响,且不同用电量家庭的用电影响因素种类和作用效果都存在变化：低用电家庭的生活用电受到人口规模、低碳态度和用能行为的影响,中等用电家庭的生活用电显著影响因素为人口规模、收入水平、低碳态度和用能行为,高用电家庭的生活用电受到人口规模、用能习惯和居住面积的影响;并且随着用电分布从低向高移动,各影响因素的作用效果或增高或降低,呈现不同的变化趋势。通过研究不同用电量家庭用电影响因素的变化,有利于更加深入地了解不同群体生活用电影响因素和完善生活领域电力消费的约束措施。