Contested Rights: The Pedagogy and Logistics of Hosting Constitution Day

Research in global education has turned toward global citizenship education and the fostering of a more critical reading of the tenets of “soft” global education laid out over four decades ago in Hanvey's (1976) “An Attainable Global Perspective.” Interested in skill building and informed application of concepts forwarded within critical approaches to global education, this article brings the NCSS C3 inquiry arc together with standards for Global Competence Education within social studies education. Using food insecurity as an example, the conceptualization provided demonstrates how coupling the C3 with the Global Competence standards creates a framework that social studies educators can use to prepare students to participate as informed, responsible, and critically minded change agents within complex and unequal global systems.     

栖居的困顿和“家园意识”的重建析弗洛斯特“家园”诗歌的主题

罗伯特·弗洛斯特在其“家园”诗歌中描绘了新英格兰人栖居的困顿,探讨了重建“家园意识”的可能。新英格兰人的栖居困境和“家园意识”的沦丧使得重建“家园意识”成为一种生存需要和伦理选择。弗洛斯特从存在论美学的高度阐释了“家园意识”在改变新英格兰人存在困境与其实现栖居理想的辩证关系。展现了“家园意识”不可替代的现实作用和美学价值,丰富扩展了“家园意识”和栖居的美学内涵。     

重新栖居的美学内涵和诗歌展演——论罗伯特·弗洛斯特诗歌生态美学一维

美国现代诗人罗伯特.弗洛斯特以其诗歌作品实现了对＂诗意栖居＂生态美学内涵的独特讨论,从＂家园意识＂＂、位置感＂＂、诗歌创造与艺术想象＂等多个维度展现了英格兰人实现＂重新栖居＂的现实和美学途径。同时＂,重新栖居＂的诗歌展演构建出较为完整的＂栖居＂理论体系,达成了对当代生态美学的有效阐发和发展。     

罗伯特·克里利投射诗理论与实践述评

罗伯特·克里利一直被认为是仅次于查尔斯·奥尔森的投射诗派中坚人物。他提出投射诗的核心原理：“形式向来不过是内容的延伸。”研读克里利的散文和访谈录可以发现,从20世纪50年代到70年代,他竭力拥护与奥尔森共同推出的投射诗理论,他此间有关客观性、语言、形式以及诗歌尺度的言论几乎都可以看作是投射诗理论的诠释。然而在创作实践中,即使是在他极力拥护投射诗理论时候,他的有些诗歌也表现出对投射诗原理的背离。这可以从他这段时期创作的几部组诗中得到证明。无论克里利是否遵循了投射诗理论,可以肯定的是,他一直尝试把自己的即时感知投射到诗歌中,从而为自己在美国诗歌史上奠定了不可替代的位置。     

《灵魂之湾》中的蛇意象分析

在《灵魂之湾》中,蛇意象具有"女性"和"邪教"两个主要特征:"女性"特征在麦克尔的悲剧中主要扮演着媒介的角色,而"邪教"特征则直接引发了麦克尔不可避免的悲剧。梳理《灵魂之湾》中的蛇意象,有助于进一步认识罗伯特·斯通的文学创作艺术,深化我们对美国后现代社会文化现象的认识。     

Changes in the world income distribution

Drawing on new international comparison estimates for 127 nations, this study examines in some detail for the decinnial years 1950–1980 the world size distribution of income. Different income concepts—national output valued in different ways, and also consumption alone; and income per-equivalent adult as well as per capita—have been considered in judging how world inequality has changed. The principal findings are: (i) at a point in time, the intercountry differences in income—differences among nations—are greater than the usually observed intracountry differences in income—differences within nations; and (ii) over time systematic differences in national economic growth rates of countries led on balance to very slightly increased intercountry inequality (quite possible not beyond the margin of measurement error) but that (and this judgment is quite tentative) the changes in intracountry inequality over time have left inequality in the overall distribution unchanged.     

Input-output technologies and the effects of tariff reductions

Using input-output (IO) tables from several developed countries (United States, EEC, and Japan) and one developing country (Brazil), we calculate the effects of tariff removal using various combinations of these tables to represent technologies for the countries included in the Michigan Computational Model of World Production and Trade. Among the IO tables, Brazil's reflected unusually high shares of value added, low labor shares, and small supply elasticities. Supply elasticities for the developed countries were somewhat lower than for the United States. Using the Michigan model, our calculated effects of tariff reductions are overstated using the U.S. IO table to represent technologies for other developed countries. Further, for developing countries that use import licensing, the model shows considerable sensitivity to IO table specification. It is especially important, therefore, for computational purposes to obtain the most accurate information possible about IO structures of developing countries.     

晚清新教来华传教士语境中的Literature概念——以马礼逊的《华英字典》为中心

作为晚清最早一位新教来华传教士,马礼逊使用literature一词的历史经验意义无疑具有开创性甚至奠基性。而马礼逊在使用literature一词时的英国文学或外国文学之指涉,与他使用这一概念之时的中国文学之指涉,到底构成怎样一种对应互文之关系,自然也成为检核其对literature一词理解之关键,同时也可初步判断马礼逊时代中西之间在literature一词基础之上所初步形成的一种对话关系与历史形态。而在马礼逊的《华英字典》以及大量往来书札中所提及的literature一词,无论是在西方文学语境中抑或中国文学语境中,均未见显示出明显倾向于近代的、纯文学的寓意,更多则是指各种各样的文献或文本。     

Still face,moving face

The article examines two sets of photographs of the face: first, a set of images by Suzanne Opton of soldiers returned from tours of duty in Iraq/Afghanistan and second, Robert Lyons’ portraits of Rwandans. In conclusion, it looks briefly at Alfredo Jaar’s The Eyes of Gutete Emerita. It explores what pictures of the face can do. Responses to Opton’s images from passers-by who saw them mounted on huge billboards, as well as the photographer’s account of what she thought she was doing, and Lyon’s motives and reactions to his work are examined. Drawing in part on Ariella Azoulay’s political ontology of photography and Jacques Rancière’s notion of the distribution of the sensible, the article asks what it is that these images of the face do, politically, and whether there might be a way in which the face, or its still image, and the event of photography in which the face is embedded, escapes the dominant regime of signification. The article argues that despite its widespread use in practices of biopolitical control, the face, or in some cases its still image, can prompt or generate action and challenge the dominant regime of signification and visibility.     

《万国公法》的几个问题

作为首部汉译国际法著作,《万国公法》在晚清历史的许多方面都占有一席之地。学术界关于此书的研究很多,但仍有一些最基本的事实需要澄清。《万国公法》的翻译出版,与其说是西方列强对华政策的产物,不如说是清政府对外政策的产物。译者丁韪良将此书定名为《万国公法》,恰与原著观点相悖。