关于《东西洋考每月统记传》若干问题的探索

《东西洋考每月统记传》作为在国内出版的近代第一份中文报刊，在中国新闻传播发展史上有着十分重要的地位。但是，围绕着这份报刊有不少基本问题存疑，学界至今仍未能深入地研究。通过研读有关文本及对有关参与者的情况进行考察，对它的创办发行复刊及编辑出版等有关问题作探讨后得出一些新结论：《东西洋考每月统记传》的创办是在马礼逊、梁发等人参与下进行的，它的发行和复刊更离不开华人团队的作用和贡献，这一点不可忽视。     

弗罗斯特诗歌创作主旨解读

作为美国20世纪最伟大、最受大众喜爱的诗人之一,弗罗斯特视隐喻为诗歌创作的灵魂,从而成为成功运用隐喻创作的大师。从隐喻的角度入手解读弗罗斯特的诗歌创作,可发现弗罗斯特对人类冷酷、混乱无序的生存状况的忧虑与悲悯。     

The Material Value of Color: The Estate Agent's Tale

This article is based on research of estate agents' advice to residential vendors and landlords in inner London. The article discusses the point when the potential value of the property is geared up for realization. In this process the value is assessed by the agent as lying in the “presentation” of the property. This is paradoxical in that the materiality of the dwelling where much of its agency lies, is idealized as “neutral.” Color devalues, or at least impedes the velocity of property exchanges. This article seeks to dissect the historiography of “neutrality,” the erasures and dematerialization it represents, and its effect on property as commodity and as fetish.     

苏格兰的巴德诗人——麦克弗森与彭斯

麦克弗森与彭斯属同一时代的苏格兰诗人。长期以来,学术界缺乏前者的伪作对彭斯创作的影响研究。彭斯不仅在青年时期认真研读过麦克弗森的伪作《奥西恩诗集》（这些事实可以从彭斯的来往书信中得到证实）,而且在彭斯的许多诗作中都有《奥西恩诗集》的影子。例如在彭斯的《幻象》一诗中,彭斯使用了“duan”（诗段）这个词来表示两个部分的分割,而duan一词最早为麦克弗森所使用。在创作策略上,彭斯虽不再如麦克弗森使用托名的技巧,但是却借助麦克弗森掀起了苏格兰“巴德（bard）”诗人意象。通过这一影响力研究可以看出,伪作虽被传统批评所诟病,在文学史上却意义深远。     

Evaluation of Camp Tortuga, a two week children's therapeutic day camp via goal attainment scaling and locus of control

The present study evaluated the effectiveness of a two-week therapeutic day camping experience in facilitating change in children aged 8–12 years with adjustment or behavioral problems. For each of the 42 children attending camp, three Goal Attainment Scales (GAS) were administered before camp separately to the children, parents and counselors. These scales specified individualized behavioral goals for problem areas relating to self, family, children, and group which could be realistically attainable within two weeks. Post-camp GAS follow-up showed that children, parent, and counselor groups each perceived the children as achieving significant positive change in regard to specified goals. Children were also administered a locus of control measure. The hypothesis that “internals” would be perceived as achieving significantly more positive behavioral change on the GAS than “externals” was confirmed. Discussion centered on the viability of therapeutic camping, the merits of using the GAS and the multi-informant approach, and specific therapeutic strategies indicated by the present findings.     

Evaluation readiness: improved evaluation planning using a data inventory framework

Factors intrinsic to many programs, such as ambiguously stated objectives, inadequately defined performance measures, and incomplete or unreliable databases, often conspire to limit the evaluability of these programs. Current evaluation planning approaches are somewhat constrained in their ability to overcome these obstacles and to achieve full preparedness for evaluation. In this paper, the concept of evaluation readiness is introduced as a complement to other evaluation planning approaches, most notably that of evaluability assessment. The basic products of evaluation readiness--the formal program definition and the data inventory framework--are described, along with a guide for assuring more timely and appropriate evaluation response capability to support the decision making needs of program managers. The utility of evaluation readiness for program planning, as well as for effective management, is also discussed.     

Racial discrimination and the social organization of industries

This study investigates the relationship between several factors of the social organization of labor markets and racial discrimination during the late 1960s. Log-linear models are used to obtain indicators of the relative opportunities of black and white men to obtain different occupations across each of 38 industrial segments. We then examine the nature of the relationship between these indicators of discrimination and a number of aspects of industries suggested to be important by various theories of discrimination. The results indicate that relative black opportunities were favorably influenced by government employment, industrial and white collar (but not craft) unionization, and product market power, and they were adversely influenced by profitability and customer preferences for nonretail sales workers. Of particular interest is the finding that, contrary to the hypothesis derived from neoclassical economics, market power had a positive effect on black opportunities.     

曾纪泽与赫德的争斗

曾纪泽是外交官,赫德是总税务司。赫德插手中法谈判、中英谈判、排斥中国外交官,引起曾纪泽的不满,以致频频将赫德不愿公开的信息透露给报界。在中葡澳门交涉方面,双方意见更是尖锐对立,明争暗斗,直至曾纪泽逝世。     

理想与现实之间——沃伦诗歌中的生态之思

罗伯特·潘·沃伦是在美国南方沃土上成长起来的一位诗坛巨擘。如许多南部作家一样,在回归家园的诗性追求中,诗人坚守南方传统文化根基,续写人与自然和谐共生的愿景;面对人类社会生存与发展的现实困境,诗人在反思现代性的同时,提倡取向自然寻回道德责任感和爱,实现对“完整的人”的重塑;在理想和谐与现实危机的交叉演进中,诗人用整体性建构的生态思想,启迪人类的生态智慧,实现人与自然的“和”与“合”。这也对推动当代人类文明的发展有一定的启示作用。