金庸武侠小说“侠客”形象之异变

金庸武侠小说研究成为时下的热门课题，在其十五部作品中，从陈家洛、郭靖到萧峰，再到令狐冲、杨过，最后通过韦小宝，展示了金庸武侠小说中“侠客”的形象在不断地发生着变化———从“侠之正”到“侠之变”再到最后的“侠之反”。     

Automobile prices and protection: The U.S.-Japan trade restraint

We examine the effects of the U.S.-Japan trade restraint on automobile prices and quality upgrading, for both Japanese imports and American small cars. From April 1981 to April 1984 the suggested retail price of all Japanese models increased by 15.8 percent, or 5.3 percent per year. We find that nearly the entire amount of this rise can be explained by the upgrading of individual models. This upgrading may benefit consumers who would purchase a luxury import in any case, but harms those who desire the basic imports. In addition to upgrading, we conclude that a second cost of the trade restraint has been to prevent the yen depreciation from being passed onto American consumers, in terms of lower imported auto prices. For U.S. small cars we find a 9.1 percent rise in the suggested retail price, or 3 percent per year, with a fraction of this amount due to model upgrading. If the yen depreciation had led to lower import prices without the trade restraint, then we expect that U.S. auto prices would have been lower, too.     

雪夜森林边的思考——罗伯特·弗罗斯特诗歌思想管窥

罗伯特·弗罗斯特作为二十世纪美国最伟大的诗人之一,其思想和观点在其诗歌艺术创作之中表现出来.本文仅以其诗歌来窥视其观点和思想,为进一步的了解和研究弗罗斯特提供些许研究素材和浅薄的理论认识.     

Evaluating a private foundation's health program

Public policy decisions in health are increasingly difficult and expensive. Although there will never be enough information available, private foundations can help to bridge the most important gaps in knowledge. Larger foundations may also wish to respond to those who doubt the value of foundation activities. This article reviews the experiences over the past eight years of The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation in employing evaluation and related social research procedures in the planning and implementation of a major philanthropic effort to improve the health and medical care of Americans. Discussed are the still evolving Foundation evaluation framework, the unanticipated problems in undertaking specific evaluations, and the substantive findings of some of the studies.     

生态视阈下的《怀河河畔》赏析

《怀河河畔》(The Banks of Wye)由著名的“鞋匠诗人”“农民诗人”罗伯特·布卢姆菲尔德撰写,记录了诗人1807年于怀河河畔为期十日的旅程。通过描绘诗化的美景展现出怀河附近的风土人情,以及依怀河而居的农民在圈地运动前后的日常生活变化,表达诗人对资产阶级侵占农民土地这一暴行的批判和对农民阶层的同情。从作品内容出发,结合威廉·华兹华斯的著作《丁登寺》,在生态批评角度下,寻找圈地运动对怀河河畔居民的生活环境等方面的影响。     

李明《中国近事报道》与礼仪之争

明末清初是中西交流史上一个辉煌的时期,然而礼仪之争使双方的交流陷于停滞,最终东西方都失去了机会:基督教失去了扩大在中国传教的机会,中国失去了向西方学习的机会。李明的《中国近事报道》(A Compleat History of the Emprie of China)是将这场争论推向高潮,并在这场争论中起重要作用的一本著作,所以了解这本书对了解那场著名的争论不无裨益。     

赫德与葡萄牙强占澳门

鸦片战争后,葡萄牙多次无理要求清政府承认其永驻已长期强占的澳门未果。后来在英国人赫德的支持下,强迫清政府签订不平等条约承认葡萄牙永驻澳门。赫德为了完全夺取澳门地区的鸦片税厘,以达到控制清朝统治者使其为英国殖民利益服务的目的,在葡萄牙强占澳门的政治交易中,充当了一个损害中国主权的帮凶角色。     

阿尔都塞意识形态理论研究述评

阿尔都塞的意识形态理论独树一帜,曾产生过巨大影响。近年来,学术界对其思想的研究日益聚焦在这一方面,并出现一大批理论成果。目前,国内对这一思想的研究主要集中在对其理论渊源、内容、贡献和缺陷的认识等方面。阿尔都塞在诸多方面时马克思主义的意识形态理论都进行了丰富和发展,甚至触及到经济基础和上层建筑相互作用的机制问题,但其捍卫马克思主义的“初衰”并未真正如愿以偿。     

罗伯特·达尔的政治平等理论及其发展前景

罗伯特·达尔认为,人类在能力、优点和机会等各个方面都不可能生来平等,而教育、环境和运气则令最初的不平等更加恶化,然而追求政治平等是人们内在平等价值的要求和公民能力的体现。影响政治平等的因素主要包括政治资源、技能和动机的分配,不可复归的时间限度,政治制度的规模,市场经济的盛行,国际体系的存在以及严重危机的必然性等。达尔认为,完全的政治平等是无法获得的,政治平等的未来存在着不确定性,而朝向理想迈进的努力是可行的。     

Neo-Gramscian Theory and Third World Violence: A Time for Broadening

Abstract

This article argues that the neo-Gramscian theory of hegemony is not as useful in explaining the rise and consolidation of the modern world system. In particular, while the force-consensus approach may indeed be relevant in examining relations among the Western countries, it is fundamentally wanting when applied to the third world. The two main reasons concern the persistent violence against the third world, and the dominance of race and racism as social forces in the production and maintenance of successive world orders. Neo-Gramscian theory needs to be broadened perhaps by paying attention to the relevant thinking in postcolonialism.